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排序方式: 共有594条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
由于中、日、韩航线及海峡两岸的航运市场不断发展,为了船舶的安全及经济效益,到我国台湾地区的船舶缩短在石垣港的换单时间及操船,关系到船舶的安全营运,抓好这一环节十分重要。 相似文献
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采用数值模拟计算的方法,对时速350 km动车组通过70 m2单线隧道和100 m2双线隧道的压力变化进行研究.研究结果表明:单列车通过单、双线隧道时,除曲率变化较大的头、尾部位置不同测点压力变化差别较大外,列车中部不同位置测点压力变化基本相同,隧道入口前20 m,隧道壁面压力变化幅值随测点距隧道口距离的增加而迅速增大,20 m后增加变缓,在200 m左右达到最大;单线隧道内,各截面上压力变化幅值最大相差不超过3%,三维效应不明显,双线隧道内,隧道口处的三维效应比较明显,隧道中部三维效应减弱,在隧道入口6 m和隧道中部250 m位置,不同测点压力变化幅值最大分别相差82.8%和11.3%. 相似文献
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讨论轨道交通系统的安全问题。在规划台湾高雄捷运红橘线时,就已考虑在整个生命周期内建立安全管理系统,符合EN50126的标准;在制定兴建运营合约时,就要求在高雄捷运红橘线兴建及运营期间必须实行安全管理,并且在合约内制定安全风险标准(包括可忍受及不可忍受的安全风险水平、执行安全管理过程所需程序等),以确保风险降为"低到合理且实际可行"的情况。重点介绍安全管理系统中的安全管理过程,包括危害辨识、危害分析、风险分析与评估、风险处理等过程,并说明高雄捷运红橘线的安全管理过程。 相似文献
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This paper estimates the role that technological change and car characteristics have played in the rate of fuel consumption of vehicles over time. Using data from the Spanish car market from 1988 to 2013, we estimate a reduced form equation that relates fuel consumption with a set of car characteristics. The results for the sales-weighted sample of vehicles show that energy efficiency would have improved by 30% and 42% for petrol and diesel cars respectively had car characteristics been held constant at 1988 values. However, the shift to bigger and more fuel-consuming cars reduced the gains from technological progress. Additionally, using the results of the fuel equation we show that, besides a natural growth rate of 1.1%, technological progress is affected by both the international price of oil and the adoption of mandatory emission standards. Moreover, according to our estimations, a 1% growth in GDP would modify car characteristics in such a way that fuel consumption would increase by around 0.23% for petrol cars and 0.35% for diesel cars. 相似文献
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The increase in extreme weather events due to climate change poses serious challenges to public transit systems. These events disrupt transit operations, impair service quality, increase threats to public safety, and damage infrastructure. Despite the growing risk of extreme weather and climate change, little is known about how public managers recognize, experience and address these risks. Using data from a national study of public transit agencies we investigate the types of extreme weather events transit agencies are experiencing, the associated risks, and how agencies are preparing for them. We find that while extreme events are commonly experienced by transit agencies across states and transit managers perceive increased risks from these events, most agencies rely on the traditional emergency management approach to address extreme weather ex post rather than taking a proactive approach to mitigating the adverse weather impact on transit assets and infrastructure ex ante. Managers report that a lack of access to financial resources is the greatest challenge for undertaking adaptation and preparation. We conclude with a discussion of what these findings mean for understanding organizational adaptation behavior as well as climate adaptation policy making. 相似文献
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Climate change (CC) potentially affects people travel behaviour, due to extreme weather conditions. This is particularly true for pedestrians, that are more exposed to weather conditions. Introducing the effect of this change in transport modelling allows to analyse and plan walking networks taking into consideration the climatic variable. The aim of this work is to develop a tool that can support planning and design of walking networks, by assessing the effects of actions oriented to increase resilience with respect to extreme weather conditions (CC adaptation).An integrated approach is used, thus combining transport and land-use planning concepts with elements of outdoor thermal comfort and network accessibility. Walking networks are analysed through centrality indexes, including thermal comfort aspects into a general cost function of links and weighted nodes. The method has been applied to the walking network inside the Campus of the University of Catania (Italy), which includes different functions and where pedestrian paths are barely used by people. Results confirm that this tool is sensitive to the variables representing weather conditions and it can measure the influence of CC adaptation measures (e.g. vegetation) on walking attitude and on the performance of the walking network. 相似文献
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The present paper presents a data-driven method for assessing the resilience of the European passenger transport network during extreme weather events. The method aims to fill in the gap of current research efforts regarding the quantification of impacts attributed to climate change and the identification of substitutability opportunities between transport modes in case of extreme weather events (EWE). The proposed method consists of three steps concerning the probability estimation of an EWE occurring within a transportation network, the assessment of its impacts and the passengers’ flow shift between various transport modes. A mathematical formulation for the proposed data-driven method is provided and applied in an indicative European small-scale network, in order to assess the impacts of EWE on modal choice. Results are expressed in passenger differentiated flows and the paper concludes with future research steps and directions. 相似文献