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Organic carbon budget for the Gulf of Bothnia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Grete Algesten Lars Brydsten Per Jonsson Pirkko Kortelainen Stefan Lfgren Lars Rahm Antti Rike Sebastian Sobek Lars Tranvik Johan Wikner Mats Jansson 《Journal of Marine Systems》2006,63(3-4):155-161
We calculated input of organic carbon to the unproductive, brackish water basin of the Gulf of Bothnia from rivers, point sources and the atmosphere. We also calculated the net exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the adjacent marine system, the Baltic Proper. We compared the input with sinks for organic carbon; permanent incorporation in sediments and mineralization and subsequent evasion of CO2 to the atmosphere. The major fluxes were riverine input (1500 Gg C year− 1), exchange with the Baltic Proper (depending on which of several possible DOC concentration differences between the basins that was used in the calculation, the flux varied between an outflow of 466 and an input of 950 Gg C year− 1), sediment burial (1100 Gg C year− 1) and evasion to the atmosphere (3610 Gg C year− 1). The largest single net flux was the emission of CO2 to the atmosphere, mainly caused by bacterial mineralization of organic carbon. Input and output did not match in our budget which we ascribe uncertainties in the calculation of the exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Baltic Proper, and the fact that CO2 emission, which in our calculation represented 1 year (2002) may have been overestimated in comparison with long-term means. We conclude that net heterotrophy of the Gulf of Bothnia was due to input of organic carbon from both the catchment and from the Baltic Proper and that the future degree of net heterotrophy will be sensible to both catchment export of organic carbon and to the ongoing eutrophication of the Baltic Proper. 相似文献
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应用可控硅控制技术,对物料配料计量生产流程进行程序控制,可以改善处在粉尘较多及计量要求较频繁工作环境下的配料控制工作.针对自动配料计量控制电路的工作原理及其调节方法进行了较详细的叙述,该装置使用在水泥建材生产配料流程及建筑施工物料配料流程中,具有结构简单、系统运行性能可靠、配料计量调整范围大、误差率小等使用效果. 相似文献
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研究了镀复条件及工艺配方对 N-P-SiC 化学复合镀层中 SiC 均匀共析的影响.结果表明,Nj-P 合金基体中 SiC 微粒子均匀共析的最佳条件是:温度87±1℃,搅拌速度600r/min·K,pH=4.8,SiC 平均粒径 D_p=3.5μm,SiC 的添加量8g/L,析出速度12~14μm/h.本文还测定了镀层的显微硬度及磨损量,并用扫描电镜观察了磨损前后的表面形貌和结构. 相似文献
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设计一种基于机器视觉的硅钢片智能焊接系统,通过CCD传感器对焊缝进行跟踪检测,采用数字图像处理算法对焊缝进行识别,并采用PID控制对焊接过程跟踪焊接。 相似文献
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根据采用有机半导体材料酞菁铜制作的有机静电感应三极管的测试结果,建立适当的动态小信号模型,对其动态特性进行仿真计算,得出器件的截止频率.通过对截止频率的分析,提出改善有机器件动态特性的方法. 相似文献
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Biochemical composition of marine sediment from the eastern Weddell Sea (Antarctica): High nutritive value in a high benthic-biomass environment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Isla S. Rossi A. Palanques J.-M. Gili D. Gerdes W. Arntz 《Journal of Marine Systems》2006,60(3-4):255-267
Within the SCAR's international EASIZ programme, as part of the benthic–pelagic coupling experiment, grain size and organic matter contents in marine surface sediment were measured. Samples were taken during the austral autumn of 2000 from 3 regions in the eastern Weddell Sea: Kapp Norvegia, Four Seasons Bank, and Austasen.In general, sediments were fine sand with a grain size fraction < 200 μm representing more than 40% of the total weight. The sediments from Four Seasons Bank (64 to 107 m depth) were coarser than those from Austasen and Kapp Norvegia (209 to 480 m depth), presumably due to winnowing of fine sediment at shallow depths. Organic carbon (OC) content ranged from 0.25% to 1.2% and constituted 10% to 97% of the total carbon. The samples from Kapp Norvegia presented the highest OC values. Overall, protein (PRT), lipid (LPD), and carbohydrate (CHO) contents were similar to those in sediment from cold regions (e.g., the North Atlantic and the Ross Sea) but higher than those in sediment from other Antarctic and more septentrional regions (e.g., the Ross Sea and the Mediterranean). The difference within the Antarctic is explained through the local conditions in Terra Nova Bay and Kapp Norvegia. In the Antarctic, PRT and LPD carbon were the main contributors to the biopolymeric carbon (BPC). In the eastern Weddell Sea shelf, the BPC accounted for more than 90% of the OC in most of the samples. More than 82% of the total PRT, LPD, and CHO were present in the fraction < 200 μm. This work remarks the existence of sediments with a high nutritional value persistent several weeks after the spring–summer pulse of fresh organic matter. It is also highlighted the high potential availability of these sediments (due to its grain size) for the benthic communities inhabiting this high-latitude continental shelf. 相似文献
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地铁牵引变电站整流器的热设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以某地铁牵引变电站整流器为例,对三种负载下运行的硅整流管和散热器的工况进行了计算分析;阐述了对自冷方式工作的整流器的进行热设计时,应重视辐射换热的作用;指出在自然冷却条件下,辐射换热和自然对流换热的数量是相同的,论证了散热器的容量对缓和硅整管结温升高的作用。 相似文献