上海外环线浦东段(二期)沥青面层技术要点

该文对上海城市外环线浦东段 (二期 )工程沥青面层技术做了简要的介绍 ,提出了施工过程中重点考虑的因素。     

Federal‐state revenue sharing and resource management under outer continental shelf lands act section 8(g)

Abstract

Section 8(g) was added to the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA) in 1978. It mandated sharing of the revenues from tracts that included oil and gas pools underlying the federal‐state boundary 3 miles offshore. Revenues were to be split based on agreements negotiated by the secretary of Interior and the relevant coastal state governor or “fair and equitable”; divisions made by the federal district courts. Only one agreement was concluded. Texas and Louisiana sued to force distribution of their shares of $6.1 billion in 8(g) funds held in escrow. In 1986 Congress divided the escrowed 8(g) revenues approximately 27 percent to the adjacent states and 73 percent to the federal government and legislated the same split for all future 8(g) revenues. This article examines the complex issues that section 8(g), as amended, raises for the management of federal and state submerged lands. Cooperative federal‐state approaches to implementing amended section 8(g) are reviewed. Section 8(g)'s broader implications as the only federal‐state ocean resource, revenue‐sharing mechanism currently in place also are addressed.     

煤田采空区注浆治理试验工程中的注浆材料和浆液配合比技术探讨

随着我国国民经济的快速发展,煤田采空区对城市发展的影响越来越大,当今国内外对采空区治理多采用注浆的方法处理,而无论是从质量、费用还是从工期来说注浆材料及其配合比合理选择都显得至关重要。该文结合乌鲁木齐市外环路东北段六道湾煤田采空区路基抗变形注浆治理试验工程,通过对该试验结果的分析和研究,得出了适用于该工程的合理的注浆材料和浆液配合比,并为类似工程积累工程实验经验,从而进一步完善采空区注浆治理技术。     

Relationships between Microbial Growth Parameters and Shelf Life of MAP Sliced Onions

Onion (Allium Cepa L.), abundant in essen-tial minerals and trace elements, is favorable in theworld. Fresh sliced onions could be eaten either di-rectly or after processed. These fresh cut onionsare very acceptable by consumers who look forhealthy food and have little preparation time[1]. Storage of intact onions has been widely stud-ied. Croci et al.[2]studied the effects of irradiationand long-term storage on the quality of Valencianasintética 14 onion variety during two consecutiveyears…     

Carbonate chemistry dynamics and carbon dioxide fluxes across the atmosphere–ice–water interfaces in the Arctic Ocean: Pacific sector of the Arctic

Climatic changes in the Northern Hemisphere have led to remarkable environmental changes in the Arctic Ocean, which is surrounded by permafrost. These changes include significant shrinking of sea-ice cover in summer, increased time between sea-ice break-up and freeze-up, and Arctic surface water freshening and warming associated with melting sea-ice, thawing permafrost, and increased runoff. These changes are commonly attributed to the greenhouse effect resulting from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration and other non-CO₂ radiatively active gases (methane, nitrous oxide). The greenhouse effect should be most pronounced in the Arctic where the largest air CO₂ concentrations and winter–summer variations in the world for a clean background environment were detected. However, the air–land–shelf interaction in the Arctic has a substantial impact on the composition of the overlying atmosphere; as the permafrost thaws, a significant amount of old terrestrial carbon becomes available for biogeochemical cycling and oxidation to CO₂. The Arctic Ocean's role in determining regional CO₂ balance has been ignored, because of its small size (only  4% of the world ocean area) and because its continuous sea-ice cover is considered to impede gaseous exchange with the atmosphere so efficiently that no global climate models include CO₂ exchange over sea-ice. In this paper we show that: (1) the Arctic shelf seas (the Laptev and East-Siberian seas) may become a strong source of atmospheric CO₂ because of oxidation of bio-available eroded terrestrial carbon and river transport; (2) the Chukchi Sea shelf exhibits the strong uptake of atmospheric CO₂; (3) the sea-ice melt ponds and open brine channels form an important spring/summer air CO₂ sink that also must be included in any Arctic regional CO₂ budget. Both the direction and amount of CO₂ transfer between air and sea during open water season may be different from transfer during freezing and thawing, or during winter when CO₂ accumulates beneath Arctic sea-ice; (4) direct measurements beneath the sea ice gave two initial results. First, a drastic pCO₂ decrease from 410 μatm to 288 μatm, which was recorded in February–March beneath the fast ice near Barrow using the SAMI-CO₂ sensor, may reflect increased photosynthetic activity beneath sea-ice just after polar sunrise. Second, new measurements made in summer 2005 beneath the sea ice in the Central Basin show relatively high values of pCO₂ ranging between 425 μatm and 475 μatm, values, which are larger than the mean atmospheric value in the Arctic in summertime. The sources of those high values are supposed to be: high rates of bacterial respiration, import of the Upper Halocline Water (UHW) from the Chukchi Sea (CS) where values of pCO₂ range between 400 and 600 μatm, a contribution from the Lena river plume, or any combination of these sources.     

轿车衣帽架钣金处声学包的优化设计

目前,汽车的NVH性能受到越来越多消费者的关注,而电动汽车的蓬勃发展也为NVH性能设计带来了新的挑战,尤其是高频噪声带来的挑战。因此,应对高频噪声的声学包的优化设计便尤为重要。文章通过对某三厢电动车进行路试评价,得到后排乘客抱怨来自衣帽架处的高频噪声的结论,进而进行了密封测试,传递函数测试以及对噪声路径进行分析优化设计。结果表明,若要降低来自衣帽架处的高频噪声,首先要密封住车内噪声传递路径上多余的孔洞,其次要减小必要的总开孔面积。最后在布置空调通风孔位置时,提出优化设计噪声路径,使噪声在吸音棉上的有效路径最长来达到优化声学包的目的。     

埋地输油管道外防腐层的检测与评估

运用RD-PCM地探仪对某机场埋地输油管道的外防腐层进行不开挖检测,检测外防腐层老化程度,确定外防腐层的破损处(露铁点)。检测管道外环境土壤的腐蚀情况,确定土壤的腐蚀等级。对露铁点选择性开挖,了解露铁点的现状。分析牺牲阳极的保护情况,计算确定牺牲阳极的保护年限。对该输油管道的现状进行系统评估,确保管道在设计年限内可靠运行。     

Benthic megafauna communities under the influence of the South Atlantic Central Water intrusion onto the Brazilian SE shelf: A comparison between an upwelling and a non-upwelling ecosystem

The structure and dynamics of the benthic invertebrate megafauna of the Southeastern Brazilian shelf were studied over a 2-year period. Two regions presenting different oceanographic conditions, Ubatuba-SP and Cabo Frio-RJ were compared in terms of biomass, density of organisms and species richness. Two to three 30-min tows were undertaken at each of the stations, located at 40 and 100 m isobath, in a normal transect offshore of both regions. Faunal distributional patterns correlated with water mass dynamics, depth and sediment parameters. In the Cabo Frio region, subjected to a Ekman-driven seasonal coastal upwelling, the impact of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) on the inner shelf leads to a change in the benthic communities, with a high dominance of top carnivores such as the crab Portunus spinicarpus and the sea-star Astropecten brasiliensis, which accounted for the larger part of the total biomass. Distinct species associations were found in each of the two regions and the total biomass at Cabo Frio inner shelf was almost twice that of Ubatuba during the 2002 summer, when a marked upwelling was verified. The relationship between megabenthic biomass and input of organic matter to the sea floor during upwelling events is discussed.     

地面水冷却循环装置的研制

依据CRH3高速动车组牵引变流器冷却循环系统技术指标,研制的地面水冷却循环装置主要由板式换热器、内循环系统、外循环系统和电控柜构成。经选型计算,采用德国萨莫威孚TL90 KCCL型板式换热器,共17片不锈钢板片,板片总面积为4.1 m2,传热功率为209.9 kW;内侧和外侧循环泵分别选用格兰富TP50—190/2型水泵和凯泉KQL65/110—2.2—2型水泵;冷却塔选用GBNL—3/20T型冷却塔;选用西门子SKB62型电动液压阀门执行器,与配置的西门子VVF45.50型调节阀构成冷却液流量调节器;选用可编程的西门子ACX32型控制器;构建了远程监控系统。该装置已应用于CRH3和CRH350牵引变流器机组出厂例行的试验和型式试验。