37 300 t化学品船开发与设计

为建造安全的、生态友好的和经济的全球航运体系,本设计努力打造一种新的设计理念。除满足各种最新公约、规则和有关法规的要求(包括MARPOL公约、SOLAS、IBC规则、USCG和OCIMF及Exxon公司等各项要求)外,具有以下特征:装卸时间短;货油残留量最小;防污染能力更安全;高效快速洗舱。     

Minimum Efficient Scale (MES) and preferred scale of container terminals

The decision on the scale of a port terminal affects the terminal’s managerial, operational and competitive position in all the phases of its life. It also affects competition structures in the port in which the terminal is operating, and has a potential impact on other terminals. Port authorities and terminal operators need to know the scale of the terminal when engaging in concession agreements. In economic theory the scale of a plant/firm is typically defined in relation to the Minimum Efficient Scale (MES), the long-run output where the internal economies of scale are fully exploited. However, there are a number of theoretical and empirical indications that in ports the scale of a terminal is commonly guided by a combination of the MES and other determining factors. The “preferred” scale is the result of a complex interaction between the MES, the port governance framework and objectives, the market size and structure, technological change and operational considerations, physical and geographical limitations, and the business patterns of shipping lines. This study analyses the factors resulting in a preferred container terminal scale that in most of the times is different from the MES. The analysis of the technical, market-related and governance-related factors is supported by theoretical and empirical insights that illustrate the presence of a range of actual ”preferred” scales of terminal concessions that usually are different, below or above, MES.     

The value of options for time charterparty extension: an artificial neural networks (ANN) approach

The most frequently associated options in the physical shipping market are options to extend the charter period on time charters and additional shipment options on contracts of affreightment. The value of freight options, in practice, is estimated mostly by referring to forward curves. An option on freight has different properties from its financial counterparts, and the straightforward adoption of theoretical models does not produce promising results. In this paper, extension options, which have the property of options on futures, were transformed into regular European options before the application of the Black-Scholes model (BSM). The efficient market hypothesis, which justifies the parity of the performance of a long-term charter to that of repetitive short-term charters, worked as the basis for the transformation. The option values determined by the BSM were compared with actual realized values. Additionally, the artificial neural networks (ANN) was employed to derive the option values. This study is meaningful as the first-time application of both the closed-form solution and the ANN to the valuation of physical freight options. The research results can contribute to the quality of chartering decisions. The results could also be used in quantifying credit risk, as extension options tend to be granted to charterers with more creditability.     

FIR内插滤波器结构与实现综述

在全数字接收机对多抽样率信号处理的需求下，滤波器的高效实现成为我们关注的重点。首先综述了FIR内插滤波器的三种常用结构，然后对半带滤波器、CIC(cascaded integrator-comb)滤波器的特殊结构进行了剖析，说明了各种类型内插滤波器的优缺点，给出了CIC滤波器设计参数和幅频响应的关系。最后对内插滤波器的一类特殊应用-分数倍内插滤波器进行分析，并提出了一种分数倍内插滤波器的高效实现结构。     

低温热水地板辐射采暖应用中若干问题思考

总结了当前低温热水地板辐射采暖应用中的几个共性问题,进行了简要分析。提出了按有效散热面积计算单位面积所需散热量的方法,建议在设计图纸中明示家具覆盖率和设计选定的地面材料层种类与热阻。提出了施工和调试的改进方案。     

便捷低碳出行与优质公共交通体系

“公交都市”倡导的可持续发展理念为公共交通发展指引了方向并得到广泛认可。然而,对“公交都市”理念的误解和在实际行动中的偏离,使得最初的目标往往难以实现。首先分析公交出行分担率的作用和特征,指出建设“公交都市”不应过分看重公交出行分担率的短期提高,公共交通体系的建设应聚焦便捷和低碳目标。提出优质的公共交通体系应是由功能分层清晰、覆盖各层次服务水平要求的多种公共交通方式组合形成一体化体系。最后,以便捷低碳为纲要,从轨道交通系统、公共汽（电）车系统、辅助公交系统三方面探讨构筑优质公共交通体系的途径。     

大华岭特长高速公路隧道施工高效通风技术

介绍了张承高速公路大华岭隧道高效通风的研究,内容包括:制定大华岭特长隧道的通风方案、选择合适的通风方式、并通过设计计算获得隧道工作面的需风量,根据计算结果选择施工通风的机械配套设施,包括通风机的选择和通风管道的选择。最后是通风方案的实施、系统的安装布置和使用管理,所述内容对类似工程有参考意义。     

多目标最短路径模型及算法

为获得满足决策者需要的多目标最短路径问题的有效路径,建立了多目标最短路径模型,并提出了综合k-最短路径算法和多目标格序决策方法的多项式算法.该算法根据决策者可以接受的各单目标的上限,用k-最短路径算法,分别确定各单目标的可行路径集及其交集.再用多目标格序决策方法,比较交集中的有效路径,最终获得决策者满意的路径.     

客运专线箱梁快速预制技术

桥梁结构大量应用于铁路客运专线,其中预应力混凝土简支箱梁因竖横向刚度大,抗扭性能好而在桥梁结构中受到广泛使用。对梁场生产线布置、自动化养护工艺、高性能混凝土制备等进行研究,改进了箱梁预制工艺,缩短了制梁台座的使用循环周期,提高了制梁效率。该技术成果在某客专梁场试制成功并获得了推广。     

基于预算时间的路径选择模型参照点设定方法

针对路径选择模型的特点,基于前景理论分析了实际路网中出行者在不同得失状况下的选择行动,进而重点分析了模型中参照点的设定方法.从传统参照点设置方法入手,针对其自由流时间不适用于拥挤路网的弊端,通过结合出行时间预算和有效路径的相关理论,提出了一种更加符合实际的路径选择模型参照点设定方法.算例演算表明,提出的参照点设定方法能有效地反映路网出行者的实际出行行为,特别是在出行者对出行时间要求越严格的情况下,改进方法的优势越明显.