汽车仪表及仪表板的检修方法

针对不同的汽车仪表和仪表传感器以及稳压器,分析了检修方法及特点,介绍了自制的实用、有效的检修器材和使用方法。     

凌志LS400轿车电子点火系统的原理与检修

介绍凌志LS400轿车电子点火系统的组成、结构、工作原理以及点火系统常见故障的检修方法。     

载人潜水器耐压球壳的多目标优化设计

采用基于响应面(RSM)近似模型和遗传算法(GA)对某深海载人潜水器耐压球壳进行多目标优化设计。首先建立深海载人潜水器耐压球壳的结构优化模型,通过试验设计(DOE)获得设计目标的响应特性,拟合得到响应面近似模型,最后采用Pareto遗传算法对响应面模型进行多目标优化求解,得到潜水器耐压球壳的优化设计方案。     

Contents Index Volume 35 and 36

Active safety systems would benefit from tyre force and friction potential information. Different sensor concepts, including, among others, the EU–funded Apollo–project developed tyre sensor based on optical position detection, are being studied. The sensor can measure tyre carcass deflections with respect to the rim. The carcass deflections can be used to calculate tyre forces and they may be exploited in the estimation of friction potential. The waveforms of the sensor signal are illustrated. The vertical and lateral force estimations are presented with unavoidable compensation parts. The tyre sensor measurements were compared to the measurement–vehicle results and good correlations achieved. Continuing activities are concerned with the estimation of friction potential and the detection of aquaplaning.     

Limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle

A mathematical-model-based study of the limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle and rider is described. Front and rear brakes are operable independently. A dry road and high friction are presumed, such that full braking of the front wheel would lead to an overturn or ‘stoppie’ in colloquial parlance. Effective braking needs to maintain some loading on the rear wheel. A planar but otherwise detailed system model is set up and braking strategies for front and rear are devised. Parameters of the braking control schemes are derived with the help of an optimisation process, minimising the final speed in braking from high speed over a fixed time interval. Simulation results are examined critically and the strategy is developed until efficient use of the friction available is made. The nature of optimal braking events is demonstrated. The influences of slipper-clutch torque setting and the rear-tyre target load chosen are shown.     

基于结构光视觉传感技术的轮对测量新方法

非接触式轮对自动测量新方法利用先进的结构光视觉传感技术完成轮对各参数的测量.通过结构光扫描轮对,在轮对不同的部位产生相应的变形光,利用视觉传感及图像处理等技术提取结构光变形曲线,获取轮对几何信息,实现轮对外形尺寸、轮对踏面擦伤和剥离等多个参数的在线非接触测量.该方法简单、可靠,测量精度为±0.2 mm.     

基于参数化有限元的深潜器主框架优化设计

深潜器主框架是一个大型空间刚架结构,如何对这类复杂的工程结构进行优化,使其既满足自身的强度和刚度要求,同时又满足总体设计对主框架重量和布置的要求,这些仅仅根据经验是不够的,如何充分利用现有的大型通用有限元软件的优化设计功能显得尤为重要.本文利用现有通用大型有限元软件MSC Patran/Nastran,基于参数化设计的思想,对深潜器主框架进行了两个方面的优化设计:首先在初步设计方案的基础上,应用有限元静力分析功能,对方案进行渐进结构拓扑优化;其次,对选定的方案,分别采用可行方向法、序列线性规划法和序列二次规划法这3种优化算法对主框架进行优化,并比较各优化方法的适用性,说明了对于复杂结构存在的目标函数多峰值现象.结果表明,通过参数驱动有限元优化能够显著减轻主框架的整体重量,使材料达到最大的利用效率,具有实用意义.     

基于IP的一体化舰艇综合监控系统

随着计算机技术、网络技术、工业自动化技术、人工智能技术等技术的发展，将模拟信号、音频、视频、数字信号等完全数字化并通过TCP／IP协议在公用的综合业务网上传输已成为一种趋势。针对海军舰艇监控系统的现状和发展需求，提出了一种将各类监控系统集中管理和控制，并与指控系统高度集成的基于IP的海军舰艇平台综合监控系统的一体化解决方案。     

提高级配指标计算精度方法研究

级配曲线是颗粒分析试验的重要成果图件,用其计算的不均匀系数Cu与曲率系数Cc是路基填料划分的重要指标。传统作图法整理级配曲线时,工作量大且精度不高。在分析线性插值、多项式插值、Lagrange插值与分段抛物线插值算法的基础上,提出了修正样条函数拟合的方法,得到土的光滑颗粒级配曲线。针对非单调样条函数,采用最佳逼近算法求解,克服了曲线出现平台时病态函数问题。文中提供了求解的关键代码,实践表明该法可以提高计算级配指标的精度和自动化程度。     

转辙机动作杆中光纤应力传感器的研究

研究了非对称刻蚀光纤应力传感器的基本原理,将其应用在转辙机中,为转辙机动作杆应力的检测提供了一种新的测试方法。