积极开展牵引电气设备的绿色设计研究

阐述了开展绿色设计的重要意义,介绍了资源最佳利用原则、环境设计原则、产品结构设计原则、社会经济效益最佳原则以及绿色设计技术和方法的研究等.     

CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道板打磨关键技术研究

CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道板打磨技术体系由打磨软件统领,包括生产管理、磨床控制、打磨操作、激光测量、雕刻5个子系统技术。通过对打磨技术体系的研究,尤其是对五轴机床联动技术、数控机床、磨刀技术、模腔循环技术等打磨技术体系关键技术的研究分析,提出了建立自主的无砟轨道技术体系是我国高速铁路建设的必经之路。通过石武客专、京沪高速铁路的使用和验证,表明自主系统比国外系统有更强的适应性,填补了国内空白。     

列车网络控制系统时延特性研究

针对列车网络控制系统在列车运行中产生的时延问题,通过搭建列车网络控制系统时延测试模拟平台,研究列车通信过程中控制系统的时延特性。根据时延特性分析出TCN网络各子系统的时延影响因素。重点研究任务周期与源端口特征周期对网络控制系统时延的影响。利用TCN网络分析仪测出系统时延,结合所得数据归纳出系统时延的变化规律。通过分析任务周期与特征周期的匹配关系对系统时延的影响,获得减少时延抖动的方法,达到减小网络控制系统时延的目的。     

基于发动机热力过程的汽车排气消声器设计

基于发动机的热力循环理论和管道声学理论，利用AVL公司的B(X)ST软件联合建立了发动机和消声器的仿真模型，在此基础上进行了Flyer轿车的排气消声器设计，试验证明这种设计方法能够充分考虑发动机的综合性能和消声性能。     

考虑财政补贴的电动公交车队置换优化模型

为解决公交车队置换问题,分析财政补贴政策对公交车队电动化的影响,本文考虑财政补贴、温室气体排放水平等因素,以公交车队生命周期成本最小为优化目标,建立公交车队置换的混合整数规划模型,使用CPLEX软件求解模型,获得最优精确解.以2017年北京市19路公交车队为算例进行计算,得出最优的车辆购置方案、充电桩购置方案、车辆淘汰...     

基于发动机台架考核方法的气缸盖高周疲劳特性研究

依据发动机台架考核规范,运用疲劳强度理论,对某铸铁气缸盖进行高周疲劳强度评估。明确温度和应力随考核工况改变的变化行为,研究气缸盖各区域受工作载荷的影响状况,为缸盖寿命评估模型提供载荷边界。结合疲劳理论,在考虑材料修正的基础上进行了疲劳特性分析和损伤状况分析。分析表明,气缸盖各区域的疲劳安全系数均大于1,视为安全,但冷却钻孔区域的安全裕度较小。     

浅谈滚动物料计划在汽车行业中的应用

随着汽车逐年普及,消费者需求多样化、个性化随着增长,而且消费者对提车周期要求越来越高.汽车生产企业如何快速、高效的占领市场,同时降低供应链物流成本,是目前自主品牌汽车企业面临重大挑战.需要从软硬件进行全面提升竞争能力,物料组织改进是整个汽车供应链改进不可缺少的一个重要环节,能帮助企业迅速占领市场,以最小的成本换取最大利...     

基于结果导向的绿色公路评价指标体系研究

本文在梳理绿色公路建设历程的基础上,结合绿色公路提出的时代背景、发展要求及目前评价指标体系存在的问题,借鉴目标管理法(MBO)突出结果导向,面向全寿命周期的三个阶段,从"资源节约"、"生态环保"、"低碳减排"、"智慧高效"等方面构建了包括4个一级指标、25个二级指标的绿色公路评价指标体系。     

Using GPS-data to determine optimum electric vehicle ranges: A Michigan case study

Fuel-switching personal transportation from gasoline to electricity offers many advantages, including lower noise, zero local air pollution, and petroleum-independence. But alleviations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are more nuanced, due to many factors, including the car’s battery range. We use GPS-based trip data to determine use type-specific, GHG-optimized ranges. The dataset comprises 412 cars and 384,869 individual trips in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. We use previously developed algorithms to determine driver types, such as using the car to commute or not. Calibrating an existing life cycle GHG model to a forecast, low-carbon grid for Ann Arbor, we find that the optimum range varies not only with the drive train architecture (plugin-hybrid versus battery-only) and charging technology (fast versus slow) but also with the driver type. Across the 108 scenarios we investigated, the range that yields lowest GHG varies from 65 km (55+ year old drivers, ultrafast charging, plugin-hybrid) to 158 km (16–34 year old drivers, overnight charging, battery-only). The optimum GHG reduction that electric cars offer – here conservatively measured versus gasoline-only hybrid cars – is fairly stable, between 29% (16–34 year old drivers, overnight charging, battery-only) and 46% (commuters, ultrafast charging, plugin-hybrid). The electrification of total distances is between 66% and 86%. However, if cars do not have the optimum range, these metrics drop substantially. We conclude that matching the range to drivers’ typical trip distances, charging technology, and drivetrain is a crucial pre-requisite for electric vehicles to achieve their highest potential to reduce GHG emissions in personal transportation.     

Physical environments influencing bicyclists’ perception of comfort on separated and on-street bicycle facilities

This study investigates the impacts of physical environments on bicyclists’ perceptions of comfort on separated and on-street bicycle facilities. Based on a field investigation conducted in Nanjing, China, we find that physical environmental factors significantly influencing bicyclists’ perception of comfort on the two types of facility. Cyclists’ comfort is mainly influenced by the road geometry and surrounding conditions on physically separated paths while they pay attention to the effective riding space and traffic situations on on-street bicycle lanes.