海上巡逻救助飞机若干问题探讨

根据海上巡逻搜救任务对巡逻救助飞机在安全系数、操作性能、搜救能力、适应程度等方面的要求,论证了采用专业飞机执行海上巡逻救助任务的必要性;通过巡逻搜救飞机和船舶在应急反应时间、搜寻范围、救助能力以及成本费用对比,提出了巡逻搜救飞机的适用条件和船机配合执行任务的模式;通过对巡逻搜救飞机和机场自建-自用、建设-托管、租赁-使用三种模式的优缺点和费用的分析,提出了巡逻搜救飞机的机场建设的管理模式。     

船舶航行自动避让研究--船舶自动避让系统的危险度评价

提出1种船舶航行自动避让系统的组成方式，利用AIS或ARPA获得相关避让数据，根据不同的航行区域与条件，通过对来船的方位、来船与本船的相对距离、DCPA(最近会遇点距离)和TCPA(最近会遇点时间)数据的评价，给出相应的合理避让依据，供系统进行决策和采取自动避让措施，以达到船舶航行安全的目的。     

Investigations of vehicle securing without lashings for Ro-Ro ships

To reduce the area on deck occupied by each car and the labour and time required for lashing and unlashing cars, it has been proposed by the author that in some conditions, cars on decks could be transported without lashing. To evaluate cargo securing based on this “lashing-free” concept, computational code was developed to calculate the vehicle–deck interactions for various ship motions. The code was structured by incorporating a vehicle model into a piece of ship motion calculation code. A series of time-domain simulations were conducted to evaluate vehicle securing. It was found that for a target ship consisting of a 6000-unit Ro-Ro vessel, vehicle securing is mainly influenced by the ship's rolling motions and is highly dependent on the wave height and loading conditions. It was suggested from the analysis that vehicles could be secured without being lashed in a large area of the ship in specific weather conditions and on some routes with less adverse sea states. However, it is still suggested that conventional lashing holes should be constructed on the deck because in severe sea states the cars will still need to be lashed. The limitations of the current investigations are also presented. The relevant research work was carried out at the Division of Ship Design and Engineering, Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology.     

增压空气驱动LiBr吸收式制冷复合循环的热力性能分析

提出吸收式制冷复合循环新模式，讨论了复合循环的热力计算。单效／双效复合循环有高低压2个发生器，高压发生器由高温级热源驱动，低压发生器由来自高压发生器的冷剂蒸汽与低温级热源联合驱动，实现高低温级热源的能量梯级利用。作为实例，对由高低温两级增压空气中冷器驱动的单效／双效复合循环进行了热力计算，并与单效循环和双效循环进行了热力性能比较。结果表明，复合循环的热力系数和制冷量均比单效循环高出15％，复合循环的余热利用量和制冷量分别高出双效循环153％和110％。     

电子航标服务信息系统(E-ANSI)的研究

信息技术在航标系统的应用,促使航标系统向信息化和网络化方向发展,实现航标信息的实时监控与发布,为航海安全提供可靠保障。根据国际航标协会（IALA）提出的电子航标服务信息系统（E-ANSI）,研究航标遥测遥控技术、基于Internet和船舶自动识别系统（AIS）的助航信息实时发布技术,实现符合国际航道组织（IHO）S-57、S-52标准电子海图的航标信息显示与管理,及AIS信息显示的一体化航标助航信息系统。     

船舶操纵模拟器中DIS/HLA网关原型的设计

通过详细分析网关的具体工作流程，提出了网关应具备的基本功能，并在此基础上对网关的模块进行了设计与实现。通过网关原型的设计实现，达到了快速将原有DIS船舶模拟器与HLA系统互连，为进一步实现大规模的分布航海仿真提供了基础。     

大型船舶航迹多变量随机最优控制

基于随机控制理论，研究了大型船舶航迹的随机最优控制。以Mariner号船舶为研究对象，建立了该船的运动方程和干扰模型，在此基础上，利用卡尔曼滤波器对航向角Ψ、舵角δ、船位信息(经纬度)等进行最优估计，采用LQG随机控制方法对航迹进行随机最优控制。仿真结果表明航迹控制性能良好，能精确保持航迹。     

导航信号卡尔曼滤波定位解算方法研究

研究了导航信号的卡尔曼滤波定位解算方法，该方法能够实现用小全的测量值完成导航解的估值解算，同时还可以对导航解进行平滑，减小噪声对导航解的影响。仿真结果证明了该方法在导航定位解算中的有效性和可行性。     

珠江水系内河航运现状及船型标准化调研报告

本文是推进珠江水系内河船型标准化工作调研报告的部分内容。报告分析了珠江水系推进船型标准化存在的问题,通过征求有关部门和地方航运业者意见,提出了珠江水系推进船型标准化的建议。     

Ship inspection support system using a product model

 Recently, the significance of ship inspections has been increasingly recognized because sea pollution and safety problems are occurring more and more frequently. However, current ship inspections rely on the experience of the workers. Therefore, it is difficult to understand, and hence to improve, the state of ship inspections. In this paper, ship inspection is directed into three stages (plan, do, and check), and the configurations of a total system to support ship inspections are discussed. A prototype system for the “plan” and “do” stages is developed. This is realized by organizing the information that relates to inspection, and defining data models for damage and inspection states. Then the proposed system is integrated with a shipbuilding computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) system so that the ship's structural information can be used effectively. In addition, functions to calculate the damage-finding probability, and functions to generate information about damage and the inspection state are introduced. Therefore, in the planning stage, as inspector can execute a virtual ship inspection, and then the damage-finding probability of each hull part and oversight areas are calculated automatically. Further, by carrying this system into an inspection, an inspector can generate damage information and inspection information simply and easily. Some examples of the proposed system are shown at the end of the paper. Received: November 12, 2001 / Accepted: January 30, 2002