中型邮轮柴油机余热回收系统性能研究

文章针对某一中型邮轮用柴油机,结合有机朗肯循环技术设计了一套余热回收系统.根据柴油机和循环装置相关参数,研究循环流量、蒸发压力以及烟气末温等因素对循环系统输出以及效率的影响规律.研究表明,系统输出功率及效率均随流量的增加先增大后减小;随着蒸发压力的升高,系统输出和效率均不断升高;随着烟气末温的升高,系统输出功率不断减小...     

不同测试循环工况下手动挡车辆多参数换挡策略

为了在实验室条件下,采用准确的换挡策略进行手动挡车辆的动力性、排放性等实验研究,对手动挡测试车辆进行多参数挡位计算,然后利用挡位修正策略进行挡位反馈修正,最后得到一套适用于不同测试循环下手动挡车辆的多参数换挡策略。这对采用无明确换挡策略的测试循环进行试验具有非常高的实用价值。     

中国工况在电动汽车续航测试中的应用

我国电动汽车续驶里程测试标准一直沿用欧洲新欧洲驾驶循环工况,且在常温条件下进行,与中国实际道路情况、环境温度存在一定偏差,这也是实际续驶里程和公告续驶里程产生差异的主要原因。为使测试结果与车辆实际里程更为接近,将中国乘用车行驶工况作为测试工况曲线,开展了5款市场主流电动汽车的续航测试,考虑到我国国土跨越多个纬度、北方地区四季温差明显等因素,还研究了电动汽车在高、低温情况下续航能力的变化规律。研究发现,对于电动车而言,中国乘用车行驶工况与新欧洲驾驶循环工况测试结果相差不大,但是环境温度会明显影响电动车的续航、电耗以及表显里程准确度等性能。     

WMTC排放测试循环行驶特征的研究

利用所建立的评价准则数体系,研究了WMTC测试循环的行驶特征及其与FTP、ECE等排放测试循环的差异。研究结果表明,与我国现行的ECEⅡ和即将实行的ECEⅢ测试循环相比,WMTC测试循环怠速比例和稳态工况比例低,瞬态工况比例高,因此对摩托车的排放控制提出了更为苛刻的要求。为满足WMTC测试循环的限值要求,摩托车在速度-加速度平面上各峰值处所对应的工况点,必须以排放最低作为发动机控制策略的目标函数。     

水平循环荷载下斜坡段基桩动力响应特性模型试验研究

为探究不同工况下斜坡段基桩的水平动力响应特性,设计并开展7组模型试验,分析不同斜坡坡度、水平荷载幅值及循环次数下桩顶水平位移及弯矩的分布规律。研究结果表明：桩顶水平位移随循环次数增加而持续增大,但其增长速率却逐渐减小;随着循环次数增加,P-Δ效应对桩顶水平位移的影响逐渐变大;当循环次数n<100时,不同斜坡坡度下基桩的水平动力响应特性对循环次数变化较为敏感,而当n>100时,桩顶水平位移上、下包络线之间的差值保持不变且该差值与斜坡坡度及荷载幅值均成正相关;水平循环荷载下桩顶水平位移均为对应静荷载下桩顶水平位移的2.40倍以上,且该比值与水平荷载幅值呈正相关;随着循环次数增加,桩身弯矩逐渐增大,表明桩前土体开始弱化;随着斜坡坡度由30°增加到60°,桩身弯矩随循环次数增加而出现显著变化的范围z/l由0.40增加到0.64,表明桩前土体弱化的深度范围与斜坡坡度呈正相关;基桩承载性能与斜坡坡度、水平荷载幅值及循环次数均呈负相关;以静荷载下桩顶水平位移为基础,提出了可考虑斜坡坡度、水平荷载幅值及循环次数影响的桩顶水平位移拟合公式,计算数据与实测数据相比,相对误差在10%以内,该拟合...     

几种腐蚀性试验方法的对比研究

以试验对比为基础,通过几种循环腐蚀试验方法对电泳试板机械物理性能影响程度的研究、沿叉扩蚀宽度的比较以及这几种方法对裸板腐蚀程度的研究,分析对比了这几种腐蚀试验方法的不同特点。     

Development and Theoretic Validation of Model of Drum Level Sloshing

In order to develop a feasible model of drum level sloshing, the mechanism of drum level sloshing was analyzed, and the model of drum level sloshing was developed on the Easy5 software flat. The thermodynamic property of the model was validated by using the reference model, which was set up by using the method of lump parameter. The results indicate that the model can precisely reflect the phenomena of thermodynamic property inside drum, and the numeric error is within 1%. And the hydraulic property of the model was validated by the analytical theory of liquid sloshing, and the results indicate that the hydraulic property inside drum can also be correctly reflected by the model, and the sloshing period error is within 5%. The important work was done for exploring modeling for drum level sloshing, research of drum level sloshing and precision controlling of drum level.     

The Effect of Circulation Fan on Energy Consumption in Nature Convective Refrigerator-Freezer

The effect of the circulation fan installed in fresh food compartment on energy consumption of natural convective refrigerator/freezers (RFs) was experimentally studied. Five different RF models with different cycles were tested. The experimental results showed that the energy consumption of the single-loop cycle RF increased by 2.4%~3.8%, that of the bypass two-circuit cycle RF decreased by 1.0%, and that of the two-circuit cycle RF with its evaporators in parallel when the geometry parameters of refrigeration system and the refrigerant charge were not changed after the circulation fan was installed decreased by 3.3%. When the optimization on the refrigerant charge and the evaporator was carried out, the energy consumption of the single-loop cycle RF , the bypass two-circuit cycle RF and the two-circuit cycle RF with its evaporators in parallel, decreased by 1.0%~6.4%, 3.25% and 3.26% respectively. The present conclusions will provide a guideline to the optimum design for the RF with the circulation fan.