溃坝模拟的光滑粒子流体动力学方法及其粘性特性(英文)

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian meshless particle method. It is one of the best method for simulating violent free surface flows in fluids and solving large fluid deformations. Dam breaking is a typical example of these problems. The basis of SPH was reviewed, including some techniques for governing equation resolution, such as the stepping method and the boundary handling method. Then numerical results of a dam breaking simulation were discussed, and the benefits of concepts like artificial viscosity and position correction were analyzed in detail. When compared with dam breaking simulated by the volume of fluid (VOF) method, the wave profile generated by SPH had good agreement, but the pressure had only reasonable agreement. Improving pressure results is clearly an important next step for research.     

周期性波动管流的压降研究

Experiments were conducted to study characteristics of flow when flow is fluctuating. The experimental results showed a phase difference between the flow rate and the pressure drop fluctuations. This phase difference between the fluctuating flow rate and pressure drop was analyzed for laminar flow. Analysis showed that the phase difference changes with the period of the flow fluctuation, the pipe radius, the density and the dynamic viscosity of the liquid. Fluctuating pipe flow was then numerically simulated. Results of the numerical simulation were compared with theoretical values and experimental results. It was shown that, when the flow rate fluctuates with time as a sine wave, the pressure drop fluctuates with the same periodicity, and there is a phase difference between them.     

基于CFD技术的流动海水对管路侵蚀机理分析

为研究流动海水对管道侵蚀机理,对3种易发生腐蚀的管路部位建立了几何模型,运用结构化网格对数值计算区域进行离散,并应用计算流体力学软件进行数值计算,得出了3种易腐蚀管路内部的海水流动状况、湍动能分布、剪应力分布以及内表面的压应力分布。通过对以上区域内流场的分析,找出流动海水引起管道侵蚀的原因,主要包括冲击腐蚀、冲刷腐蚀和空泡侵蚀。数值模拟分析的结果和管路实际工作易腐蚀区域取得了较好的一致。     

液力偶合器流场仿真技术研究

液力偶合器是利用液体的动能进行能量传递的一种液力传动机械,对其内部流场的研究具有重要意义。由于受客观条件限制,液力偶合器流场仿真分析过去一直基于一维束流理论,但与实际情况差距较大。本文采用k-ε紊流模型建立了液力偶合器内部紊流流动的数学方程组,并应用Star-CD软件对JO127X型液力偶合器在1.7%滑差的工况进行了整体的三维流场仿真,仿真计算所得转矩与试验符合较好。目前国际与国内均无其他单位开展液力偶合器流场三维仿真分析并获得成功的文献和报道。     

Two Phase Pressure Drop Performance of Refrigerant in a Small Horizontal Smooth Tube with 2.5 mm inside Diameter

Two-phase flow pressure drop measurements were made during the phase change heat transfer process of R22 in a small horizontal smooth tube with 2.5 mm inside diameter. Conclusions can be drawn that the quality corresponding to the pressure gradient peak value of small tubes became higher than that of large tubes. The effect of quality to pressure drop becomes weak as the mass flux increases. The experiment data were compared with the predicated values of the state-of-the-art correlations from the open literature. The comparisons between the data and the predictions indicate that most of the state-of-the-art correlations fails to predict the experimental data.Chisholm model shows a relatively better predictive ability than the other empirical correlations although it has a mean deviation of 26.7%. But the predicated values of Chisholm model are lower by 50% than the experimental data when the quality becomes larger.     

纤维高聚物-水泥基注浆材料的研制

按普通硅酸盐水泥∶硫铝酸盐水泥∶VAE乳液=0.5∶0.45∶0.05的配合比,分别向其中加入0.15％、0.2％、0.25％的聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯纤维、碳纤维和玻璃纤维,进行浆液性质的对比试验,进一步探究效果更好的新复合型水泥注浆材料.试验以流动度、凝结时间、抗压强度为主要控制指标进行材料筛选,得到VAE乳液+纤维可...     

赤泥基可控性低强度材料性能试验研究

利用拜耳法赤泥制备具有自流平、自填充和自密实特性的可控性低强度材料替代级配型传统回填材料,通过测试其流动度、泌水率和无侧限抗压强度,研究其工作性能和强度变化规律.结果表明,利用拜耳法赤泥制备的可控性低强度材料的流动度和泌水率随拌合用水量的增加而增大,在满足目标流动度的条件下,泌水率基本可控制在3.0％以内;无侧限抗压强...     

管道内污水两相流的阻力计算

目前的污水管道设计是将污水在管道内的流动视为单相均匀流,主要用谢才(Chezy)公式进行水力计算。由于存在管线长、流量大以及区域地形变化幅度较大等因素,建设区域排水系统需要采用新的方法,以便较准确的计算水头损失。文中将污水视为液-固两相流体。对于沿程阻力的计算,将流体分为均质流与非均质流,分别给出沿程阻力系数的计算公式;对于局部阻力,则借用气-固两相流动的局部阻力系数计算公式。最后得出了两相流情况下与单相流情况下的阻力系数区别。结论是沿程阻力系数的区别可不计,局部阻力系数差别较大,在进行设计时必须考虑。     

壁流式过滤体的流动阻力分析及再生效率研究

分析了工作中的壁流式过滤体的流动阻力,指出过滤过程中,当小孔壁面上的PM滤饼形成后,排气流经壁流式过滤体时的压力降低主要由过滤体小孔壁面、PM层、入口和出口小孔通道等4处的流动阻力产生,其中前两处的流动阻力起主要作用。给出了过滤体再生效率的两种定义,并分析了其差别,指出对相同结构的过滤体,可以用再生前后排气流经过滤体的压差计算其再生效率;对不同结构的过滤体用该定义评价再生效率时,应考虑由于过滤体自身结构参数的变化引起的再生效率的变化。     

模拟在公路隧道中因严重的拥堵而造成的空气流动模式与污染程度

在研究墨尔本城市连接线西行隧道的交通拥堵情况时,研究人员利用计算机对于公路隧道内严重拥挤时受车辆排放影响的空气流动模式和污染程度进行了模拟。