Oberon级潜艇空气质量的评价

加拿大海军在发展新型的Victoria级潜艇前(前者为皇家海军Upholders级潜艇)，国防和民用环境医学研究(DCIEM)的任务是重新检验Oberon级潜艇大气质量，以确定其大气质量是否符合大气净化标准BR1326的规定。这次研究的主要目的是为了得到有关未来潜艇空气质量控制发展规划方面的资料。因为这些资料可直接用于Victoria级潜艇，以证明Oberon级潜艇试航实施方案是否正确。这次试航是对各巡航条件下潜艇空气质量进行基本评价。在长达24小时的时间内，还对监测空气质量分析仪的功能和应用情况进行了评价，并也得到了艇上确实存在污染物的“证据”。确定CO2累积分布和O2的消耗，同时也评价了空气净化效果(CO2洗涤、O2产生和通气管通风)。另外，监测了CO并在具有代表性的吸烟者和非吸烟者中，测量了羧络血红肮(COHb)。为了评价卫生设备、电系统和发动机排气是否造成其它污染问题，测量了氨(NH4)、臭氧(O3)和氮氧化合物(NOx)。监测氢(H2)、砷化氢和锑化氢以确定来自充电电池的潜在危害。为了确定由烹调、吸烟、柴油机燃料和排气中的悬浮颗粒对健康的潜在危害，测量了可吸入的悬浮颗粒浓度。标准1326所涉及到的全部污染物均应在允许的极限内。标准1326或其它军用标准以及有关可呼吸颗粒的某些数据都没有涉及到的可吸入的颗粒是通过应用阈值／时间加权平均值(TLV/TWA)民用职业健康指南而加以说明的。悬浮颗粒的TLV/TWA是在允许的极限内。尽管CO2和O2的浓度都在允许的极限内，而研究证实柴油机潜艇上的空气净化措施是最不力的和重视程度较差，并且缺少排气通风。较差的空气交换或根本不存在空气交换伴随有隔舱和遮蔽；而污染物测量装置(机械的比色分析仪)具有固有的测量误差。通过对控制实践的研究证明：采用标准BRl326作为唯一的潜艇大气净化标准已导致失去以前标准BR3944所包含的有关CO2滤毒罐和O2烛更换的时间表。而且，帮助指挥官维持潜艇空气质量的准则似乎有待解释。虽然大气条件是在规定的范围内，而提出的几条建议可提高Victoria级潜艇大气的质量控制。     

有机羧酸盐在绝缘中的研究和应用

本文通过一系列的实验，进一步证明了有机羧酸盐固化环氧树脂机理存在的不足，从而拓宽了有机羧酸盐及其促进剂的使用范围。据此，配制的环氧树脂胶具有室温贮存稳定，高温快速固化，固化物机、电、热性能优良的特点，并已成功地应用于某些产品中。     

碱性溶液电镀Zn-Ni合金工艺的研究

本文主要研究了在碱性锌酸盐镀锌基础上发展起来的电沉积高耐蚀性Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ合金工艺的工艺配方和工艺条件，同时认了镀层的工艺性能。     

Solute clearance effect of citrate anticoagulation hemodialysate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding

Objective To study the solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagulation hemodiaiysate of citrate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding. Methods Forty-two kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) according to their hemodialysis manners. Patients in Group A were hemodialyzed with bicarbonate hemodialysate with low-molecular-weight heparin (dalteparin) anticoognlation and those in Group B with the new citrate antieoagnlation hemodialysate prepared in our hospital without any other anticoagulant. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations were measured before and after dialysis, and Kt/V and urea reduction rate (URR) were calculated. In addition, activated clotting time (ACT) and ionized calcium (iCa2 ) concentration were also measured at the arterial and venous ends. Results ACT was extended and iCa2 concentration decreased significantly at the venous end compared with those at the arterial end in Group B (P<0.01). BUN and Cr concentrations were markedly decreased after dialysis compared with those before dialysis in both groups (P<0.01), and no significant difference in solute clearance effect, as indicated by Kt/V and URR, was observed between Group A and Group B (P>0.05). Conclusion The solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagnlation hemodialysate of citrate is excellent during hemodiaiysis in kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding.     

I-65对豚鼠右心室游离壁缺血再灌注心肌电活动的影响

利用一对玻璃微电极同时记录内外膜下心肌细胞的跨膜电位,研究了模拟缺血再灌注条件下,３,６－［二甲胺基］－二苯骈碘杂六环枸橼酸盐对离体豚鼠心室肌心律失常及跨壁传导等电生理特性的影响。结果显示,其可明显性降低心律失常发生率、改善缺血再灌过程的跨壁传导阻滞、相对增加有效不应期、减少触发活动的发生。     

羧甲淀粉钠对便秘小鼠的促排便作用

目的探究羧甲淀粉钠的促排便作用。方法小鼠禁食,灌胃洛哌丁胺3 d,制备慢传输型便秘模型;小鼠禁水3 d制备失水燥结型便秘模型,给药后以3 h内排便总粒数、肠推进率、粪便含水率和肠内液体评价羧甲淀粉钠的作用。结果慢传输型便秘模型组造模3 d后排便总粒数为7.9±6.0,羧甲淀粉钠0.45、0.9、1.8 g/kg组排便总粒数分别为18.5±5.0、17.3±8.3和22.9±8.4,与模型组相比明显增多(P<0.01),且效果优于阳性药莫沙必利组(14.3±8.4)。羧甲淀粉钠3个剂量组的肠推进率分别为(75.3±9.2)%、(78.7±9.6)%和(79.4±8.0)%,与模型组(63.0±13.6)%比较均显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01)。失水燥结型便秘模型组造模3 d后排便总粒数25.8±8.5,羧甲淀粉钠0.9和1.8 g/kg组的排便总粒数分别为37.9±9.9和37.2±7.9,均比模型组显著增加(P<0.01);羧甲淀粉钠1.8 g/kg组肠推进率为(83.2±12.8)%,比模型组(72.6±11.5)%显著增加(P<0.05)。正常对照组大鼠粪便含水率(49.0±6.8)%,羧甲淀粉钠0.3、0.6、1.2 g/kg组分别为(56.0±4.1)%、(57.7±10.4)%和(60.2±6.8)%,与模型组比较均显著增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。羧甲淀粉钠0.6和1.2 g/kg组大鼠的肠分泌液也比生理盐水组增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论羧甲淀粉钠有改善便秘小鼠排便的作用。     

海藻酸盐小球中培养的软骨细胞的生长

目的为海藻酸盐水凝胶作为软骨细胞三维培养环境提供实验依据。方法将酶消化法获取的P1代软骨细胞包裹在20 g/L海藻酸钙凝胶小球中持续培养4周,在培养的不同时间点取适量的小球行倒置相差显微镜观察,HE、番红"O"染色及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色;并通过MTT法检测细胞活性及增殖;二甲基亚甲兰法进行氨基葡聚糖(GAG)含量测定。结果在海藻酸钙小球内培养的软骨细胞能够保持球形状态,且随时间的延长,细胞增殖逐渐聚集成簇;细胞外基质沉积逐渐增加,GAG含量增多。Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性,鉴定证实为具有正常表型的软骨细胞。结论软骨细胞在海藻酸盐凝胶小球中培养有效维持了细胞的分化状态,细胞增殖并具有良好的分泌蛋白功能。海藻酸钙凝胶适合于软骨细胞的生长。     

多用途钢铁表面黑色转化膜处理液的研究

在以磷酸盐和钼酸盐为主的溶液中获得的钢铁上的黑色转化膜耐蚀性器，可代替磷化膜，氧化膜，作为激光热处理前的预处理层可显著提高激光热处理的效率。     

膦酸盐对碳酸钙晶体生长的抑制

采用晶种生长技术研究了膦酸阻垢能力，有几种膦酸衍生物在酸钙的过饱和溶液中可极大地降低碳钙晶种的生长速度，其作用机理与封闭晶种表面活性点位有关，试验结果表明，膦酸盐衍生物具有优良的阻垢性能。     

EFFECT OF ROSIGLITAZONE AND METFORMIN ON CLOMIPHENE CITRATE RESISTANCE IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Objective To evaluate the impacts of rosiglitazone and metformin on ovarian response, hirsutism and insulin action in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Ninety women resistant to clomiphene citrate with PCOS were randomized, 40 cases to rosiglitazone group, 50 cases to meformin group. Rosiglitazone and metformon were administered for 6 months in combination with clomiphene citrate on cycle day 5th to 9th, respectively. The clinical evaluations were performed monthly. Reproductive hormone, serum glucose and insulin levels were observed before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results There were significant changes in reducing hirsutism score, serum testosterone level, LH/FSH ratio, and restoration of ovarian ovulation after metformin or rosiglitazone administration respectively (P<0.05). Insulin sensitivity was more significantly improved in the rosiglitazone group than in metformin group (P<0.05) After treatment. Homa IR and Homa β were decreased from 1.54±0.34 to 0.83±0.38 and from 5.83±0.55 to 4.95±0.54 (P<0.05) in the rosiglitazone group. The body mass index(BMI) was decreased from 25.30±3.64 to 23.83±2.32 in the metformon group (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in ovulation rate and pregnancy rate between groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Rosiglitazone can increase insulin sensitivity. Metformon may reduce BMI. They all restore regular menstrual cycles, increase pregnancy rate, and reduce testosterone and LH concentration in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.