Effect of elastic constitutive laws on the deformation of two-dimensional red blood cell

Deformation of two-dimensional red blood cell in linear shear flow is simulated using the immersed boundary method, in which the cell is modeled as a force source instead of a real body. The effect of three constitutive laws, i.e. Hookean, Neo-Hookean and Skalak elasticity, on the deformation is studied by simulating the cell movement in two linear shear flows. The results show that the effect of the constitutive laws gets more obvious as the shear rate increases. Both the aspect ratio and the inclination of the steady shapes get bigger, and the differences between the periods of the cell tank-treading motion become larger. For the same shear flow, the period with Hookean elasticity is less than the period with Neo-Hookean elasticity and bigger than the period with Skalak elasticity.     

Experiment on the secondary flow of a large turn angle turbine stator with a rotating single slanted hotwire

Experiment measurement is adapted to study the secondary flow of turbine. The subsonic stator experiment flow tunnel is set up. Two different inlet velocities and three different stator heights are applied. The method of a rotating slanted hotwire is introduced to measure the stator outlet three-dimensional flow field. The procedure for solving the mean three-dimensional velocity component involving the least-squares technique can be accomplished via the LSQNONLIN optimization function of Matlab. Under different work conditions, the stator outlet secondary flow is more intense at higher inlet flux. Moreover, the shortest stator height will lead to the most intense secondary flow, which gains the largest axial velocity component (w) and radial velocity component (u), but the smallest circumferential velocity component (v).     

Simplified model for evaluation of VIV-induced fatigue damage of deepwater marine risers

A simplified empirical model for fatigue analysis of deepwater marine risers due to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in non-uniform current is presented. A simplified modal vibration equation is employed according to the characteristics of deepwater top tensioned risers. The response amplitude of each mode is determined by a balance between the energy feeding into the riser over the lock-in regions and the energy dissipated by the fluid damping over the remainder based on the data from self-excited oscillation and forced oscillation experiments of rigid cylinders. Multi-modal VIV fatigue loading is obtained by the square root of the sum of squares approach.Compared with previous works, this model can take fully account of the main intrinsic natures of VIV for low mass ratio structures on lock-in regions, added mass and nonlinear fluid damping. In addition, a closed form solution of fatigue damage is presented for the case of a riser with uniform mass and cross-section oscillating in a uniform flow. Fatigue analysis of a typical deepwater riser operating in Gulf of Mexico and West Africa shows that the current velocity profiles affect the riser's fatigue life significantly and the most dangerous locations of the riser are also pointed out.     

水中含气量对螺旋桨空泡噪声影响的试验研究

为了研究水中含气量对螺旋桨空泡噪声的影响,在大型循环水槽中对某一高速双桨船模型的螺旋桨模型辐射噪声进行了测试.试验中进行了同一含气量下,不同船速时螺旋桨模型的辐射噪声的测量以及给定速度下,不同含气量情况下螺旋桨模型辐射噪声测量.测试结果表明:同一含气量,模拟实船不同航速工况时,噪声的总声级随着航速增加逐步增加;模拟实船某一航速工况,水中不同含气量时,测量得到的噪声总声级随含气量的增加而下降.     

不同浸深比半浸式螺旋桨动态力试验研究

为了探讨半浸式螺旋桨的动态性能,利用六分力天平测量不同浸深比下半浸式螺旋桨的非定常力,分析浸深比对半浸式螺旋桨动态力的影响,并探讨半浸式螺旋桨受力在水平面和垂直平面上的方向性.试验结果表明,在合适的浸深比下,可以减小半浸式螺旋桨各分力的波动,改善半浸式螺旋桨的操纵性能.     

气体流动阻力损失对反向扩孔气动冲击器性能的影响

为了研究反向扩孔气动冲击器内部气体流动阻力损失对其性能的影响,在简化复杂的气路基础上,从其结构和工作原理出发,分析了冲击器工作过程中气体流动所产生的压力损失;在有压力损失的条件下,研究冲击器气腔内气体变化特性,建立了冲击器的工作过程数学模型;根据数学模型,应用MATLAB程序进行计算机仿真运算,得到了冲击器工作过程中压力损失曲线,以及压力损失条件下活塞运动特性和各腔压力变化规律.研究结果表明:气体流动阻力损失影响冲击器破岩效率,使得冲击器活塞运动末速度从5.05 m/s下降到4.22 m/s,冲击频率从5.00 Hz下降到4.28 Hz;冲击器尾气压力仅为0.140 MPa,低于设计值0.185 MPa,影响冲击器尾气排屑.      

CSSRC的螺旋桨定常面元法

中国船舶科学研究中心(CSSRC)从八十年代至九十年代一直在发展螺旋桨、导管螺旋桨的定常、非定常面元法,现已在为工业服务中作为日常的计算工具,取得了非常满意的结果.本文将CSSRC过去的研究成果作一系统的归纳整理,供今后使用者参考.文中详细介绍了面元法的理论基础、网格划分、Kutta条件的实施等求解过程.同时还系统地进行了数值试验分析,使应用程序进一步规范化.对面元法对网格数的依赖性、收敛性进行了研究,提出了建议的网格数.通过对多个实例产品的计算,表明与试验结果相比误差可在3%以内,可较好地满足工程应用的目的.     

潜射导弹尾空泡从生成到拉断过程的数值模拟

以气体弹射方式发射的潜射导弹,会在导弹尾部产生空泡.本文采用改进的MAC方法成功地模拟了尾空泡的生成、扩张、收缩和拉断过程,揭示了尾空泡周围的流场结构,研究了尾空泡的发展对潜艇固壁所受压力的影响.     

潜艇水面与水下粘性绕流数值模拟

本文采用求解RANS方程的方法结合四种湍流模型,对于带有不同附体的SUBOFF模型尾流场进行了数值模拟。数值预报的桨盘面处不同半径上的轴向无量纲速度与试验结果进行了对比,结果表明湍流模型在数值模拟中起到重要作用。潜艇水面航行性能十分重要,因而对于潜艇自由液面绕流的数值模拟备受关注。本文采用VOF方法对于两条潜艇模型在不同傅汝德数下的自由液面绕流进行了数值模拟。计算得到的阻力、波形与试验结果吻合较好。文中也探讨了潜艇自由液面绕流的一般特性。并验证了用CFD手段预报潜艇粘性流场的能力。