寒冷气候下邻高铁跨高速的钢箱拱桥施工技术与创新

以京雄城际铁路黄固特大桥112.5 m钢箱拱为工程背景,针对其跨越京开高速、京开辅路,邻近京沪高铁,面临现有道路不能断、周边环境复杂、寒冷气候钢箱拱焊接作业、拱肋高度大、保证钢箱拱变形受控、钢箱拱顶推纠偏等难题,对寒冷气候下邻高铁跨高速的钢箱拱桥施工技术进行了研究：提出了一套跨越多幅车道城市繁忙高速公路步履式顶推施工方案,形成了一套针对寒冷气候下钢箱拱桥焊接控制措施,应用了一套紧邻既有运营高速铁路桥梁单侧吊装的施工方法,创新性提出并实施了一套钢箱拱桥步履式顶推平面整体扭转智能纠偏技术,创新性提出并应用了一套基于BIM 5D可视化实时顶推结构同步时空预警方法。现场实践表明,采用这些技术,确保了该钢箱拱桥施工质量、安全,得到了参建各方好评,相关经验值得借鉴。     

覆跨比对地铁隧道洞室围岩稳定性影响分析

由于受地形条件限制和使用功能需要,地下工程埋深和跨度往往存在较大变化,研究覆跨比对洞室围岩稳定性影响意义重大。本文结合太沙基围岩压力理论推导表征围岩压力随覆跨比变化规律的理论公式,并采用基于网格自适应划分技术的有限元模拟方法,从地表极限承载力、位移响应、应力响应及围岩塑性区等方面,对不同覆跨比矩形洞室围岩稳定性进行系统研究。结果表明：在Ⅳ级围岩条件下,矩形洞室围岩压力随覆跨比增大而增大,当覆跨比H/D=2之后,围岩压力开始逐渐趋于稳定;当覆跨比H/D<2时,矩形洞室在极限状态下易发生贯穿至地表的垮塌破坏;当覆跨比H/D>2时,洞室拱顶上方出现压力拱效应。故覆跨比H/D=2可作为Ⅳ级围岩条件下深浅埋洞室分界线参考值。     

小矢跨比拱桥的模型试验研究与分析

为分析计算具有平面弯曲的矢跨比为1/12的双铰坦拱桥,以相似理论为基础设计了全桥空间受力有机玻璃模型,通过平面杆系有限元模型对实桥的计算,在保证实验效果的前提下,确定了试验的测点和荷载工况.建立空间有限元分析模型,并对模型的理论分析与实测结果进行了对比.将空间计算结果与平面杆系有限元计算模型的计算结果进行比较,并分析平面弯曲对本桥受力的影响,证明了本桥的设计采用平面杆系有限元计算模型是可行的.     

关于桥梁水泥混凝土构件腐蚀机理分析

为了确定工程不同部位的防护措施,将腐蚀性介质按其形态并结合不同的作用部位分为5种:气态介质、腐蚀性水、酸碱盐溶液、固态介质和污染土。各种介质对不同材料的腐蚀程度,可按介质类别、环境相对湿度和作用条件等因素分为强腐蚀     

A simulation study of service differentiation for the bandwidth request scheme in fixed IEEE 802.16 network

Various flexible mechanisms related to quality of service (QoS) provisioning have been specified for uplink traffic at the medium access control (MAC) layer in the IEEE 802.16 standards. Among the mechanisms, contention based bandwidth request scheme can be used to indicate bandwidth demands to the base station for the non-real-time polling and best-effort services. These two services are used for most applications with unknown traffic characteristics. Due to the diverse QoS requirements of those applications, service differentiation (SD) is anticipated over the contention based bandwidth request scheme. In this paper we investigate the SD with the bandwidth request scheme by means of assigning different channel access parameters and bandwidth allocation priorities at different packets arrival probability. The effectiveness of the differentiation schemes is evaluated by simulations. It is observed that the initial backoff window can be efficient in SD, and if combined with the bandwidth allocation priority, the SD performances will be better. Foundation item: the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2005C13321804)     

In-home power line communication media access control protocol based on collision resolution

Most existing media access control (MAC) protocols in power line communication (PLC) networks just discard the colliding data packets when collision occurs. The collision deteriorates throughput and delay performance of system under high traffic conditions. This article presents a novel media access scheme with fast collision resolution for in-home power line networks. It works by first recognizing the colliding stations through detecting the inserted unique ID sequence ahead of data packets, then the source nodes retransmitting their packets immediately after the collision slot. The proposed protocol maintains the benefits of ALOHA systems. It needs no scheduling overhead and is suitable for bursty sources, such as multimedia data packets. Computer simulations have demonstrated that this approach can achieve high throughput due to its ability of resolving collisions.     

珠江黄埔大桥南汊悬索桥跨缆吊机静载试验研究

钢箱梁吊装施工是悬索桥重要的施工阶段,跨缆吊机是钢箱梁提升安装的专用设备,跨缆吊机的承载能力和运行效率直接关系到施工质量、进度和安全.该文首先对跨缆吊机重要受力构件进行了结构细部分析和验算,并得出最不利受力位置,根据细部分析确定静载试验方案,拟定加载顺序和测试位置.通过跨缆吊机行走、静载试验,跨缆吊机整体的可靠性、安全性、操作方便性等得到充分验证.     

柱式桥墩台盖梁的深梁计算与设计

柱式桥墩是公路桥梁设计中普遍采用的结构形式,由于桥梁跨径、斜度、桥宽的变化,很难完全套用现行标准图和通用图,尤其是盖梁标准化程度底,往往需要设计者对盖梁进行内力分析与设计,<公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范>仅对钢筋混凝土盖梁跨高比L/h＞5和2＜L/h≤5的情况进行了抗弯、抗剪承载力规定,而跨高比L/h≤2即盖梁作为深梁的承载力未作规定.文中参照建筑部门规范,论述了盖梁作为深梁时的承载力计算方法和步骤,以及设计的构造要求,并列举了计算实例.     

混凝土徐变模型在桥梁预拱度设置中的分析比较

通过MIDAS有限元软件建立了悬臂法施工连续刚构桥梁计算模型,并考虑不同的混凝土徐变模型计算了桥梁的预拱度值,并与实际工程做对比,得出选择徐变模型的一些原则.     

南京市三山桥设计研究

以南京市三山桥的设计为研究对象,阐述自锚上承式拱桥的结构构思,研究预应力筋和矢跨比2个关键因素对自锚上承式拱桥拱脚推力的影响,介绍自锚上承式拱桥的预应力筋的优化设计方法.实桥测试结果表明,该设计是可行的.