基坑开挖对紧邻建筑物沉降影响的数值分析

该文介绍了采用数值模拟方法对某地道工程基坑对临近建筑物的影响进行的分析。通过有限元模型,分析了南地道开挖过程对紧邻建筑物沉降的影响,并与监测数据对比。结果表明此方法计算值与监测值基本吻合,可以较好地模拟基坑紧邻建筑物的沉降规律。最后用此方法预测了北地道开挖对紧邻基坑北侧建筑物沉降的影响,对北地道工程施工有一定指导意义。     

An insight into linear quarter car model accuracy

The linear quarter car model is the most widely used suspension system model. A number of authors expressed doubts about the accuracy of the linear quarter car model in predicting the movement of a complex nonlinear suspension system. In this investigation, a quarter car rig, designed to mimic the popular MacPherson strut suspension system, is subject to narrowband excitation at a range of frequencies using a motor driven cam. Linear and nonlinear quarter car simulations of the rig are developed. Both isolated and operational testing techniques are used to characterise the individual suspension system components. Simulations carried out using the linear and nonlinear models are compared to measured data from the suspension test rig at selected excitation frequencies. Results show that the linear quarter car model provides a reasonable approximation of unsprung mass acceleration but significantly overpredicts sprung mass acceleration magnitude. The nonlinear simulation, featuring a trilinear shock absorber model and nonlinear tyre, produces results which are significantly more accurate than linear simulation results. The effect of tyre damping on the nonlinear model is also investigated for narrowband excitation. It is found to reduce the magnitude of unsprung mass acceleration peaks and contribute to an overall improvement in simulation accuracy.     

贵阳市西南环线二期总体方案

贵阳市西南环线二期位于城市中心区东南部,地形起伏大,属于旧路拓宽改建项目。针对项目特点,对总体思路、方案布置等方面进行了介绍,为类似山区城市道路方案研究提供参考。     

浅埋隧道爆破施工中邻近框架结构的振动响应分析

为研究隧道爆破作用下邻近框架结构的振动响应机制，以某5层框架结构住宅楼为例，借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立基于隧道爆破-围岩-框架结构的三维耦合数值计算模型，分析隧道爆破施工中邻近框架结构的振动响应。研究结果表明： 数值模拟清晰地展示了隧道爆破作用下围岩和框架结构应力场、位移场的变化情况，给出了爆破振动波从围岩至框架结构的传播过程。通过对比实测测点与数值模拟中对应测点的振动速度时程曲线和频率分布，验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性。在隧道爆破作用下，邻近框架结构梁、柱以及外墙等构件的振动响应并不一致，随结构高度呈现出不同的变化规律。此外，应力集中现象主要发生在建筑物底层外墙、外墙与柱结合处、外墙与梁结合处以及外墙与楼板结合处等非承重部位，表明这些部位更易在隧道爆破过程中发生损伤开裂。     

高速铁路进站节能坡设计方法研究

在线路纵断面的设计中引入节能坡设计理念,对优化线路纵断面设计、降低牵引能耗值和节省运营支出具有重要意义。根据高速铁路的特点,提出高速铁路进站节能坡的设计方法和计算算法,给出计算流程,确定各影响参数的约束条件。开发进站节能坡设计程序模块,实现多参数化的进站节能坡设计。在此基础上,采用计算机仿真分析方法,对车站坡段坡度、车站中心至节能坡变坡点距离、动车组编组质量、进站制动力使用系数、节能坡进入初始速度5个主要影响因素进行计算和仿真分析,确定各因素对进站节能坡的影响程度,为进站节能坡的设计提供参考和依据。     

车用发动机扭转振动的分析与控制

基于扭转振动的基本原理,对发动机两种类型的扭转振动减振器的设计计算做深入的陈述.结合两款有针对性的发动机,对所要计算的基本参数及该参数所要限定的范围作了具体说明.最后用本公司自主开发的发动机扭振分析软件对一款发动机进行模拟计算,并与试验测量结果进行对比分析,并证明计算的结果是准确可靠的.     

Influence of priority taking and abstaining at single-lane roundabouts using cellular automata

Existing roundabout simulation models fail to consider all types of driver behavior which compromises their accuracy and ability to accurately evaluate roundabout performance. Further, these non-compliant driver behaviors, including priority taking and priority abstaining, are inconsistent with existing traffic flow theories. In this paper, a new cellular automata model, C.A.Rsim, is developed and calibrated with field data from five single-lane roundabouts in four northeastern states. Model results indicate that approximately 20% of the individuals in the driver population are inclined to priority taking and approximately 20% are inclined to priority abstaining behavior, though the observed levels of these types of behavior are naturally lower and vary with traffic volume. The model results also corroborate other research indicating that current models can overestimate capacity at higher circulating volumes, possibly a result of the jamming effect produced by priority taking behavior. The reduction in priority abstaining behavior, which is observed at older roundabouts, significantly reduces delay and queue length in certain traffic volumes. C.A.Rsim is also more parsimonious than many existing microsimulation models. These results provide insight on how variations in conflicting flow (i.e., traffic volume and turning movement balance) impact the amount of observed non-compliant behavior.     

基于VB的测控装备模拟训练系统设计及实现

系统采用计算机仿真技术、系统仿真技术、网络技术、串口通信技术，介绍了该系统特点、组成和关键技术，并针对关键技术问题作了深入细致的探讨，给出了解决该问题的途径。     

Virtual 3D city model as a priori information source for vehicle localization system

This paper aims at demonstrating the usefulness of integrating virtual 3D models in vehicle localization systems. Usually, vehicle localization algorithms are based on multi-sensor data fusion. Global Navigation Satellite Systems GNSS, as Global Positioning System GPS, are used to provide measurements of the geographic location. Nevertheless, GNSS solutions suffer from signal attenuation and masking, multipath phenomena and lack of visibility, especially in urban areas. That leads to degradation or even a total loss of the positioning information and then unsatisfactory performances. Dead-reckoning and inertial sensors are then often added to back up GPS in case of inaccurate or unavailable measurements or if high frequency location estimation is required. However, the dead-reckoning localization may drift in the long term due to error accumulation. To back up GPS and compensate the drift of the dead reckoning sensors based localization, two approaches integrating a virtual 3D model are proposed in registered with respect to the scene perceived by an on-board sensor. From the real/virtual scenes matching, the transformation (rotation and translation) between the real sensor and the virtual sensor (whose position and orientation are known) can be computed. These two approaches lead to determine the pose of the real sensor embedded on the vehicle. In the first approach, the considered perception sensor is a camera and in the second approach, it is a laser scanner. The first approach is based on image matching between the virtual image extracted from the 3D city model and the real image acquired by the camera. The two major parts are: 1. Detection and matching of feature points in real and virtual images (three features points are compared: Harris corner detector, SIFT and SURF). 2. Pose computation using POSIT algorithm. The second approach is based on the on–board horizontal laser scanner that provides a set of distances between it and the environment. This set of distances is matched with depth information (virtual laser scan data), provided by the virtual 3D city model. The pose estimation provided by these two approaches can be integrated in data fusion formalism. In this paper the result of the first approach is integrated in IMM UKF data fusion formalism. Experimental results obtained using real data illustrate the feasibility and the performances of the proposed approaches.     

双线盾构隧道下穿高速公路路基沉降影响研究

双线盾构隧道施工会对高速公路路基造成较大影响,若控制不当会造成路基沉陷甚至坍塌,因此需要研究施工过程中及施工后路基沉降的分布特性与控制方法。文中结合某双线盾构隧道下穿高速公路路基的典型案例,采用数值模拟的方法研究路基沉降的分布特性。结果表明,路基沉降在双线盾构隧道施工完成后仍处于中心对称状态,最大路基沉降出现在双线盾构隧道的中间,路基中心测点附近的最大沉降出现在隧道施工完成后,而路基沉降槽可视为2个沉降槽在不同位置的叠加,该结果与计算结果吻合度较高。