High-resolution numerical relaxation approximations to second-order macroscopic traffic flow models

A novel numerical approach for the approximation of several, widely applied, macroscopic traffic flow models is presented. A relaxation-type approximation of second-order non-equilibrium models, written in conservation or balance law form, is considered. Using the relaxation approximation, the nonlinear equations are transformed to a semi-linear diagonilizable problem with linear characteristic variables and stiff source terms. To discretize the resulting relaxation system, low- and high-resolution reconstructions in space and implicit–explicit Runge–Kutta time integration schemes are considered. The family of spatial discretizations includes a second-order MUSCL scheme and a fifth-order WENO scheme, and a detailed formulation of the scheme is presented. Emphasis is given on the WENO scheme and its performance for solving the different traffic models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, extensive numerical tests are performed for the different models. The computations reported here demonstrate the simplicity and versatility of relaxation schemes as solvers for macroscopic traffic flow models.     

基于Revit的盾构管片参数化建模应用

为解决传统方法对盾构管片建模重复性工作较多的问题,介绍基于Revit参数化技术,将标准盾构预制管片中的变量参数进行参数化处理,通过修改参数快速生成新的盾构预制管片的方法,且针对盾构管片错缝拼接工作繁琐、拼接位置不准确等问题,采用盾构管片旋转角度参数及盾构管片到参考点距离参数进行参数相关的处理,使盾构管片随距离参数的改变而自动发生相应角度的旋转,从而快速并准确地完成错缝拼接的方法。利用Revit参数化对盾构管片进行建模和错缝拼接的方法,能极大地加快建模的效率和拼装的准确率。该方法成功地应用于上海市虹梅南路盾构隧道管片的设计中,对虹梅南路越江隧道的建设起着重要的作用。     

Multi-axle/articulated bus dynamics modeling: a reconfigurable approach

This paper proposed a unified model including yaw and roll dynamics for any axle or articulation configuration of buses by using a reconfigurable approach. First, all the possible existing configurations of buses are introduced, including the axle/articulation configuration, powertrain configuration, and active chassis control configuration. Consequently, the research is motivated by a key question: how can we develop a unified model that is inclusive and configurable to all of the above bus configurations? To develop the model, three layers of the modeling process are presented step by step. The magic formula and vertical load transfer are discussed to formulate the tyre model. It is noted that the case of the articulated bus is presented in an independent section but how it is included and unified in a general form is also explained. Finally, a modeling validation of axle or articulation configuration cases is performed and the comparative results to high-fidelity models show the feasibility, efficiency, and convenience of the reconfigurable approach. As the crucial feature, the resulting model can be potentially applied to model-based controller design in any buses without reformulating the model. This will greatly benefit the vehicle dynamics control and also future autonomous buses. Although the focus of this paper is buses, the proposed approach actually covers any multi-axle/articulated vehicles, like trucks, tractor-trailers.     

200m3大型抓斗机电气系统设计

远海填岛工程往往需要使用大型抓斗式挖泥船,传统的抓斗机驱动方式已满足不了使用要求,设计开发出新型的抓斗机驱动形式显得非常必要。该文主要介绍了大型抓斗机电气系统设计方案及控制方式, 采用中压变频多传动驱动方式实现抓斗机的疏浚作业,克服传统OMEGA离合器驱动的不足,以实现抓斗机大型化,满足疏浚工程需求。     

燃燃共同运行功率均衡控制策略研究

采用模块化,变比热的方法在labview平台上建立了燃气轮机动态模型,结合电机扭矩控制实现了燃气轮机特性的模拟。设计了燃燃联合运行负荷平均分配的控制策略,并进行了燃燃联合动力共同带负载的半物理仿真试验,试验结果证实采用本文设计的控制策略能实现负荷平均分配,动态过程比较稳定,设计的控制策略能基本满足要求。     

基于高性能平面二维水流数学模型的计算效率研究

针对高性能平面二维水流数学模型,分别开展了基于单机多核处理器(CPU)和显卡(GPU)的并行化研究,旨在提高模型计算效率。以长江下游福姜沙水道为例,对并行后模型的可靠性和计算效率进行评估,结果表明:采用两种并行模式后,模型计算结果与串行结果一致,可靠性好,且计算效率有所提高,特别是采用GPU并行模式后,模型计算效率提高6.7倍以上,大大缩短了模型计算周期。     

一种虚实结合的船舶压缩空气操作训练系统设计

针对航运院校采用真实船舶动力设备系统操作训练存在占地面积大、成本高且缺少实船环境的缺点,本文以船舶压缩空气系统为例设计出一种虚实结实的动力设备操作训练系统,建立了压缩空气系统的三维实体模型和设备的数学模型,通过Unity3D实现了船舶压缩空气系统的场景漫游和虚拟操作功能,采用PLC控制技术实现了空压机组的控制功能,解决了PLC控制器与Unity3D之间数据交互问题,最终实现了通过实物控制箱控制虚拟的空压机组的目的。     

船舶/海工领域3D测试技术研究进展

介绍涵盖船舶/海工建造、运行及拆解全寿命周期3D测试技术。阐述基于3D激光扫描非接触式实船3D船形测试,以及基于水声学技术的水下3D测试技术研究进展。     

改进R-D算法的ISAR成像仿真研究

在逆合成孔径雷达成像中,距离多普勒算法以其效率高占据了重要的地位。但基本R-D算法要求成像目标转角小,而且存在目标图像横向分辨率低等不足。本文在研究ISAR成像转台模型的基础上,采用脉冲压缩技术、插值技术、极坐标格式、后阈值处理技术以及加权技术改进R-D成像算法。同时对大转角情况下的目标进行成像。算法对二维目标由110个散射点组成的飞机模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明算法的有效性。     

基于改进粒子群算法的大开口甲板板架轻量化设计

船舶甲板板架是船体结构的主要组成部分,如何减轻其结构重量是船体结构设计中最为关注的问题之一。本文根据典型甲板结构特点并结合工程经验提出带支柱大开口甲板板架结构轻量化设计数学模型,针对粒子群算法在寻优过程中存在的容易陷入局部极小、收敛速度慢等缺点,结合粒子在实际寻找食物的过程中,大部分可以飞到其预期的最佳位置,而少数粒子由于受不确定因素影响,发生飞行偏离,提出一种改进粒子群算法。基于改进的粒子群优化算法和ANSYS参数化建模技术完成了典型甲板板架结构在强度约束条件和稳定性约束条件下的轻量化设计,获得了最优设计方案。