30t轴重下朔黄铁路轨道结构强化技术试验研究

本文针对朔黄铁路开行30t轴重货车时既有轨道的适应性与强化措施等问题,进行了系统的理论与试验研究。采用动力仿真分析与30t轴重货车实车试验相结合的方法,分析30t轴重下轨道结构的适应性。朔黄铁路既有轨道结构能满足大轴重货车近期少量开行的要求,但大轴重货车作用于轨道的动态荷载会明显增加,既有轨道结构面临轨道部件伤损增加、疲劳寿命缩短、小半径曲线稳定性储备不足等问题。根据30t轴重下轨道结构荷载特点,有针对性地开展轨道结构强化措施的研究,重点开展SH-Ⅰ型重载轨枕与SH-Ⅰ型重载扣件、小半径强化措施、75kg/m钢轨移动闪光焊技术、直线钢轨打磨廓面、重载道岔的研发等工作,各强化措施均已在朔黄铁路实施。对朔黄铁路既有轨道结构的强化改造,可全面提升轨道结构等级,能满足30t轴重货车的运营要求。     

重载道岔轨底坡设置研究

轨底坡作为道岔的主要参数,直接影响钢轨使用寿命,结合30 t轴重重载道岔研究需要,对轨底坡进行系统研究。针对重载线路道岔鱼鳞纹、掉块、肥边等病害,运用车辆轨道耦合动力学理论,对25 t轴重货车通过不同轨底坡道岔时的动力响应进行分析。结果表明:轨底坡增加,横向轮轨力、接触应力和安全指标,导曲线上股钢轨磨耗功都有不同程度的降低,长期观测结果显示,采用1∶20轨道坡的试验道岔,导曲线钢轨光带居中,未见伤损。     

Ag/BaTiO3的制备及光催化性能

采用光催化还原法、浸渍法和水热法分别制备了Ag/BaTiO3催化剂.通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)等手段对改性后的催化剂进行表征,考察了掺杂Ag的不同制备方法、催化剂的载Ag量对催化剂光催化活性的影响.实验结果表明,改性后的BaTiO3对亚甲基蓝染料溶液的光催化降解能力有明显提高,采用光催化还原法制备的Ag/BaTiO3催化剂催化活性最高,载Ag量为1.0％的Ag/BaTiO3对亚甲基蓝的降解效果最好,紫外光照射4h后降解率为95％.     

朔黄重载铁路路桥过渡段加固路基的检测与分析

在既有重载铁路中,路基、桥梁与涵洞等构筑物连接的路桥过渡段是线路的薄弱环节,对其进行检测,评估路基承载力是保证线路平顺度和列车安全、平稳运行的关键.采用地基系数K30试验、轻型动力触探试验和室内试验对加固后的朔黄铁路第170号桥路桥过渡段质量进行了检测.试验结果表明：①地基系数K30能够直观地表征路基刚度及承载能力,加固后朔黄铁路170号桥路桥过渡段不同位置处的地基系数K30值提高15%～40%左右;②地基系数K30和轻型动力触探试验结果N10有显著的线性关系,压实系数与地基系数K30不存在相关性;③既有重载铁路路桥过渡段路基质量检测应进行大量的轻型动力触探试验,再辅以地基系数K30试验进行校核,对提高检测的工作效率、降低检测成本、减少检测工作对既有线运营的干扰有重要的意义.     

Profile-speed data-based models to estimate operating speeds for urban residential streets with a 30 km/h speed limit

A speed limit of 30 kilometres per hour (km/h) has been widely introduced for urban residential streets to ensure traffic safety and allow these streets to fulfil other intended functions. However, excessive speeds on these roads are very common, causing traffic safety problems and threatening the liveability of neighbourhoods. An effective and active way to deal with speeding is the application of a performance-based design approach, as mentioned in previous research. In a performance-based design approach, street geometrics and roadside elements are selected based on their influence on the desired driving speeds. The relationship between driving speeds and street features therefore needs to be determined. Although several studies have developed operating speed models for urban streets, all of these models were calibrated based on data for streets with speed limits of more than 30 km/h. The present research is designed to investigate the influence of various roadway and roadside characteristics on operating speeds on urban tangent street sections with a 30 km/h speed limit using profile-speed data. A simultaneous equation regression with a three-stage-least-square (3SLS) estimator was used for the modelling effort. The driving speed models developed in this study incorporate several street design factors, which provide helpful information for urban planners and street designers to cope with speeding issues on residential streets.     

装用30 t轴重转向架铁道货车的稳定性能分析

以配装30 t轴重转向架的货车为分析对象,利用动力学分析软件NUCARS对该货车进行蛇行运动稳定性分析,得出原型方案空、重车的临界速度和一系橡胶垫纵、横向定位刚度、转向架回转阻力矩、转向架抗菱形变形刚度、抗剪切变形刚度和踏面等效斜度对车辆临界速度的影响规律。