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61.
62.
扩径桩作为一种新型桩基形式得到很大的发展,但由于其桩身在某深度发生扩径突变,而给研究扩径桩的荷载传递性状带来不便.现有对扩径桩的研究只限于小直径桩的模型试验以及有限元分析,而对大直径扩径桩的研究比较缺乏.通过对同一场地的同一直径不同桩型的钻孔灌注桩进行竖向静载荷试验,对2种桩型的竖向承载力、桩身轴力、桩侧摩阻力进行对比分析研究.研究结果表明,扩径桩能够提高单桩承载力、减小桩体沉降,而扩径阻力在荷载传递中起关键作用,成为荷载传递中的主要途径之一. 相似文献
63.
The aviation community is increasing its attention on the concept of predictability when conducting aviation service quality assessments. Reduced fuel consumption and the related cost is one of the various benefits that could be achieved through improved flight predictability. A lack of predictability may cause airline dispatchers to load more fuel onto aircraft before they depart; the flights would then in turn consume extra fuel just to carry excess fuel loaded. In this study, we employ a large dataset with flight-level fuel loading and consumption information from a major US airline. With these data, we estimate the relationship between the amount of loaded fuel and flight predictability performance using a statistical model. The impact of loaded fuel is translated into fuel consumption and, ultimately, fuel cost and environmental impact for US domestic operations. We find that a one-minute increase in the standard deviation of airborne time leads to a 0.88 min increase in loaded contingency fuel and 1.66 min in loaded contingency and alternate fuel. If there were no unpredictability in the aviation system, captured in our model by eliminating standard deviation in flight time, the reduction in the loaded fuel would between 6.12 and 11.28 min per flight. Given a range of fuel prices, this ultimately would translate into cost savings for US domestic airlines on the order of $120–$452 million per year. 相似文献
64.
单向复合材料高应变率下材料特性的研究(英文) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在船舶领域,复合材料及夹芯复合材料板梁结构已大量应用在舰船结构中,尤其游艇及复合材料高速艇上.在运行过程中,这些结构有时很可能会受到如砰击、碰撞等动态载荷或高速冲击载荷.然而到目前为止,大多数的结构设计所用到的材料特性仍基于低应变率情况下的准静态测试结果.该文研究了高速艇等结构中的纤维增强复合材料高应变率情况下的材料特性,通过引入一种粘弹性模型来模拟并分析研究对象.并在世界先进的INSTRON高应变率材料试验机上设计并完成了相关试验,验证了该枯弹性模型、确定了模型中的材料参数.该粘弹性模型然后被用来研究分析应变率对单向复合材料机械特性的影响. 相似文献
65.
在进行空气净化器风道结构的设计中,风道的结构形式对风量起着重要的影响。本文利用ICEPAK计算机仿真软件在设计阶段对空气净化器的风道进行模拟仿真,建立了风道的仿真模型及建模过程,仿真出风道进口处与出口处的空气流速的变化值,进一步研究离心风机的风量与滤层阻力、流量、流速的影响关系。通过实验比较,在不同滤器种类的情况下,验证了风阻对风量的影响大小,证明了空气净化器风道计算机仿真的正确性。 相似文献
66.
Chorng-Shern Horng Chih-An Huh Kuo-Hang Chen Pin-Ru Huang Kan-Hsi Hsiung Hui-Ling Lin 《Journal of Marine Systems》2009,76(4):468
Kaohsiung City and its neighborhood in the southwestern coastal plain of Taiwan have suffered serious air pollution since the region became the largest center for heavy-industry on the island. In order to unravel the air pollution history of the region, four 210Pb- and 137Cs-dated sediment box cores recovered in 2006 from offshore of this area were chosen for magnetic and petrographic analyses. The data were used to distinguish changes in concentration, composition and grain size of magnetic particles in the sediments due to inputs of anthropogenic magnetic spherules. Sedimentation rates have been reasonably constant for the last one hundred years, except at the core tops which were affected by a turbidite layer induced by a typhoon in 2005. Down-core profiles of mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) are similar among the cores, and reflect similar trends to magnetic spherule counts. This reveals that χ and SIRM of modern marine sediments can be used as air pollution indicators for nearby industrialized upwind areas. The studied record indicates that industrialization of the area was gradual during 1950–1980 and boomed afterward, resulting in a high production of airborne magnetic spherules, which is consistent with evidence for poor air quality at that time. Optical and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) surveys of magnetic extracts indicate that the magnetic spherules have grain sizes ranging from a few micrometers up to 50 μm and consist mainly of iron oxides with variable Si, Al, and Ca contents. X-ray diffraction analysis on magnetic extracts from different depths in the cores further indicates that magnetite and pyrrhotite, which are derived from terrigenous detritus, form the magnetic constituents of the sediments before the area was industrialized. In contrast, during the industrial boom, anthropogenic magnetite and hematite spherules became the dominant magnetic particles in the sediments. Down-core profiles of hard isothermal remanent magnetization (HIRM) below the turbidite layer also reveal similar trends to the corresponding magnetic spherule counts, which indicate that the concentration of hematite in the sediments is also closely related to the extent of air pollution. In addition, relatively low values of χARM/χ, which are indicative of coarse magnetic grains, started to occur when large magnetite spherules became significant during the industrialized period. The air pollution history elucidated from our sediment core data not only reflects the development of Kaohsiung from a small village to a highly industrialized metropolitan area in the 20th century, but it is also consistent with the most recent air pollution trends revealed by real time air quality measurements of PM10. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of magnetic parameters for delineating the air pollution history of coastal marine sediments down-wind of nearby industrialized regions. 相似文献
67.
68.
珠海市香洲洪湾工业片区内为软弱地基,满足不了上部荷载对路基的要求,将会导致路基在通车后产生较大沉降和地下管线的破坏。为保证路基的稳定,提高地基土强度和变形模量,以满足上部荷载对地基土承栽力的要求,提出了对场区内路基采取加固处理方案。目前针对软弱地基的不同构成有很多不同的处理方法,本文结合工程实际情况主要介绍袋装砂井堆载预压处理软弱地基的方法。 相似文献
69.
在分析分配式货物配送现状基础上,对物流中心的配送问题从配装和运输两个环节进行优化。建模时主要考虑货车的类型、体积、载重等约束条件,以车辆的配送路径最短、拼装货品最多为优化目标,研究配送的优化模型和算法。 相似文献
70.