Development and evaluation of a knowledge-based system for traffic congestion management and control

This paper describes a real-time knowledge-based system (KBS) for decision support to Traffic Operation Center personnel in the selection of integrated traffic control plans after the occurrence of non-recurring congestion, on freeway and arterial networks. The uniqueness of the system, called TCM, lies in its ability to cooperate with the operator, by handling different sources of input data and inferred knowledge, and providing an explanation of its reasoning process. A data fusion algorithm for the analysis of congestion allows to represent and interpret different types of data, with various levels of reliability and uncertainty, to provide a clear assessment of traffic conditions. An efficient algorithm for the selection of control plans determines alternative traffic control responses. These are proposed to an operator, along with an explanation of the reasoning process that led to their development and an estimation of their expected effect on traffic. The validation of the system, which is one of only few examples of validation of a KBS in transportation, demonstrates the validity of the approach. The evaluation results, in a simulated environment demonstrate the ability of TCM to reduce congestion, through the formulation of traffic diversion and control schemes.     

粗糙集理论在铁路行车调度指挥系统中应用的研究

针对铁路行车调度指挥的智能知识表达与决策问题,给出行车调度指挥的列车相对优先度、列车相对正点度、列车相对旅程完成度、列车区间运行裕度、列车车站停车裕度、后继列车新增出发晚点、后继列车新增到达晚点等七个条件属性及运行次序一个决策属性。论述基于粗糙集理论的知识表达和粗糙集决策规则的提取过程。提出一种相应的行车指挥决策评价体系。证明列车运行次序决策属性,能完全作为列车运行调整的决策条件。     

多因素数学模型在温州瓯江口浅滩围涂工程研究中的应用

建立了波浪、潮流、盐度、悬沙、底床冲淤等多种因素数学模型,在模型验证的基础上,对瓯江口温州浅滩围涂工程海区的波浪场、潮流场、盐度场、悬沙场、底床冲淤场进行了数值模拟研究,对温州浅滩围涂工程对瓯江泄洪、瓯江南北口分流比、乐清湾养殖业、瓯江口港口航道及状元岙深水区、南口口外滩地的影响进行了分析论证。分析研究结果表明,温州浅滩围涂工程是可行的。     

用于海底ROV在强流干扰下的一种自适应防走滑装置（英文）

This paper proposed a new concept of an adaptable multi-legged skid design for retro-fitting to a remotely-operated vehicle(ROV) during high tidal current underwater pipeline inspection. The sole reliance on propeller-driven propulsion for ROV is replaced with a proposed low cost biomimetic solution in the form of an attachable hexapod walking skid. The advantage of this adaptable walking skid is the high stability in positioning and endurances to strong current on the seabed environment. The computer simulation flow studies using Solidworks Flow Simulation shown that the skid attachment in different compensation postures caused at least four times increase in overall drag, and negative lift forces on the seabed ROV to achieve a better maneuvering and station keeping under the high current condition(from 0.5 m/s to 5.0 m/s). A graphical user interface is designed to interact with the user during robot-in-the-loop testing and kinematics simulation in the pool.     

细颗粒泥沙运动及滩槽交换对航道回淤的影响

潮汐河口细颗粒泥沙为主的泥沙运动方式呈现出复杂的形态,其不同的运动形态对河口演变和航道回淤问题的研究十分重要。讨论在潮汐、波浪条件下,非黏性沙的层移运动和黏性细颗粒泥沙近底高浓度悬沙层的类推移运动,以及浮泥层的推移运动等泥沙运动形态的特点、发生条件和运移规律。针对长江口南槽水动力条件,利用前人水槽试验成果,估算了主槽水体含盐度高于浅滩时,航道两侧浅滩近底高浓度悬沙横向输移进槽的输沙量,得到与实际基本相符的结果。     

联络通道冻结施工近隧道端土体温度场分布及管片保温措施优化

为了研究人工冻结法施工联络通道中近隧道端土体温度场的分布规律以及管片散热对土体温度场的影响,采用现场实测和数值计算的方法,对土体温度场分布、冻结壁厚度和管片保温措施进行分析。结果表明:土体温度、冻结壁扩展厚度均随深度的增加呈指数型变化,当深度大于2.2 m时冻结壁厚度和冻土温度场基本稳定;联络通道的冻结壁沿长度方向可划分为2侧交界面段与正常冻结段;冻结管间距是影响交界面段冻结壁厚度的重要因素之一,因此辅助冻结面冻结壁是联络通道施工中的主要风险点之一;管片散热对土体影响范围与冻结时间呈对数关系,随着冻结时间的延长,影响范围将逐步扩大;为保证交界面区域的冻结效果,可在钢管片内部靠近土体一侧增设5 cm夹心保温层或改良管片壁后注浆材料2种管片保温,优化后交界面靠近管片位置冻结壁厚度可提升约24%。     

Modelling of the pavement acoustic longevity in Hong Kong through machine learning techniques

Traffic noise emission has long been a pervasive environmental and ecological problem, especially in the metropolitan cities with large-scale traffic network and high population density. Low noise road surface (LNRS) has been actively developed and applied as an effective measure to maintain the quieter environment of mobility service system. However, when LNRS is applied for noise abatement, the relationship between the acoustic performance and degradation of pavement has not been fully understood yet. To this end, this study aims to model the acoustic longevity of asphalt pavement as a function of the thickness, binder content, maximum aggregate size, and air void content of the pavement surface, as well as vehicle speed based on the long-term tyre-road noise data collected from 270 asphalt pavement sections in Hong Kong. Two machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM), were employed and compared. It was found that both ANN and SVM could successfully model the pavement acoustic performance with acceptable model performance metrics. A case study showed that the ANN model was more aligned with the aging mechanisms of porous road surface, but the SVM model showed better training performance. The predicted acoustic deterioration rates of the porous surface case varied from −0.1 to 0.28 dB(A)/month rather than keeping a constant linear increasing trend, depending on pavement ageing periods and vehicle speed levels. The two-dimension sensitivity analysis (2D-SA) revealed the relative importance of pavement age and vehicle speed in controlling the acoustic performance.     

升力鳍实验装置的升力函数发生器

本文重点研究了鳍的动态水动力在升力鳍实验装置上的应用.在分析升力鳍实验装置施力要求的基础上,提出并成功应用神经网络BP算法逼近鳍的动态水动力曲线,然后将训练好的神经网络作为该实验装置施力系统升力函数发生器,实现对实验装置中鳍的施力,该研究也进一步完善了该实验装置.     

自适应小波网络在船舶噪声识别中的应用

本文基于自适应小波网络理论,构造了一个应用于船舶辐射噪声识别的自适应小波网络分类器。仿真结果表明,该方法具有良好的目标识别性能,且收敛速度快,是一种有效的目标识别方法,从而为研究自适应小波网络理论在声呐信号目标识别领域中的应用有着极其重要的实际意义。     

基于BP人工神经网络的城市轨道交通线网规划的综合评价

城市轨道交通线网规划传统的评价方法主要有层次分析法和模糊综合评判法等,而这些评价方法因其不可避免的主观性而导致评价结果可靠性不高.本文采用BP人工神经网络模型对城市轨道交通线网的规划方案进行评价,有效避免了评价过程中人工过多参与造成的主观性偏差,并采用仿真软件验证其有效性和可行性.