Investigations of interactions between bus rapid transit and general traffic flows

Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a popular strategy to increase transit attraction because of its high‐capacity, comfortable service, and fast travel speed with the exclusive right‐of‐way. Various engineering designs of right‐of‐way and the violation enforcement influence interactions between BRT and general traffic flows. An empirical assessment framework is proposed to investigate traffic congestion and lane‐changing patterns at one typical bottleneck along a BRT corridor. The BRT bottleneck consists of bus lane, BRT station, video enforcement zone, and transit signal priority intersection. We analyze oblique cumulative vehicle counts and oblique cumulative lane‐changing maneuvers extracted from videos. The cumulative vehicle counts method widely applied in revealing queueing dynamics at freeway bottlenecks is extended to an urban BRT corridor. In the study site, we assume four lane‐changing patterns, three of which are verified by the empirical measurements. Investigations of interactions between buses and general traffic show that abnormal behaviors (such as lane violations and slow moving of the general traffic) induce 16% reduction in the saturation rate of general traffic and 17% increase in bus travel time. Further observations show that the BRT station and its induced increasing lane‐changing maneuvers increase the downstream queue discharge flows of general traffic. The empirical results also contribute to more efficient strategies of BRT planning and operations, such as alternative enforcement methods, various lane separation types, and optimized traffic operations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

快速公交系统及评价问题的研究

在分析快速公交系统特点的基础上,从单个快速公交系统的绩效评价、多个快速公交系统的比较评价、快速公交与其他公交方式的比较评价和不同时期快速公交系统的比较评价等4个角度分别建立了不同的评价指标体系,并提出了快速公交系统的评价方法.最后讨论了发展快速公交系统存在的一些问题和应采取的对策.     

Effects of new bus and rail rapid transit systems – an international review

Cities worldwide are implementing modern transit systems to improve mobility in the increasingly congested metropolitan areas. Despite much research on the effects of such systems, a comparison of effects across transit modes and countries has not been studied comprehensively. This paper fills this gap in the literature by reviewing and comparing the effects obtained by 86 transit systems around the world, including Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), metro and heavy rail transit systems. The analysis is twofold by analysing (i) the direct operational effects related to travel time, ridership and modal shifts, and (ii) the indirect strategic effects in terms of effects on property values and urban development. The review confirms the existing literature suggesting that BRT can attract many passengers if travel time reductions are significantly high. This leads to attractive areas surrounding the transit line with increasing property values. Such effects are traditionally associated with attractive rail-based public transport systems. However, a statistical comparison of 41 systems did not show significant deviations between effects on property values resulting from BRT, LRT and metro systems, respectively. Hence, this paper indicates that large strategic effects can be obtained by implementing BRT systems at a much lower cost.     

BRT路面结构类型研究

目前国内建成通车的BRT在渠化严重的路口和车站段的路面出现了不同程度的病害。特别是国内普遍采用的沥青混凝土路面的病害更为严重。为了更好地推广建设BRT,从设计的源头控制此类情况的发生,通过对BRT的运营特点及其对路面的影响以及对常见路面结构类型优缺点的分析,提出沥青混凝土路面病害的防治措施。     

基于运行图的快速公交运营系统研究

在对快速公交系统(BRT)进行系统分析的基础上,提出了基于运行图的快速公交运营系统的概念,以解决当前BRT系统中存在的问题,建立适合国情的BRT系统。通过对系统实现中的技术、管理等各方面的分析,改进后的快速公交系统适用于当前,并将在较大程度上提高BRT系统的运行效率。     

BRT在大城市公交系统中的功能定位分析

在阐述快速公交系统(BusRapidTransit,简称BRT)产生、构成的基础上,分析了BRT的功能定位,并从客观的角度提出了BRT现阶段存在的一些问题以及解决问题的对策。     

关于BRT建设融资实行TBT模式的探讨

我国大中城市正在大量的规划修建快速公交系统(BRT),针对我国公交行业普遍存在的资金短缺,融资渠道狭窄等问题,该文提出BRT项目建设资金采用TBT融资模式,并对其优势,运作程序进行了分析,最后给出了相应的建议。     

上海市交通系统可持续发展若干问题探析

将交通系统看作是一个整体性的大系统,运用系统工程的思想,分析系统交通规划与城市规划、快速公交(BRT)系统与轨道交通、小汽车的增长与公共交通这几对关键问题,提出对上海城市交通规划工作的理念和方法。     

郑州市BRT的应用优化研究

以郑州市快速公共交通系统(Bus Rapid Transit,简称BRT)为研究对象,从发展战略、实施方案以及开通运营状况等方面,全面阐述了郑州市BR下系统概况,深入分析了目前郑州BRT存在的问题,并在此基础上提出了针对郑州BRT系统的优化建议.     

不同到达分布下双泊位快速公交车站使用效率仿真研究

通过VISSIM仿真软件,建立不同车头时距分布的双泊位快速公交车站仿真模型,构建车站泊位使用率的评价体系及相关仿真实验方法,通过仿真实验,可以分析不同车距时距分布对于双泊位快速公交车站不同泊位使用率的影响,对实践工作具有指导意义。