快速公交专用道规划设计方法研究

在对快速公交专用道形式进行分类的基础上,对不同类型公交专用道的设置条件、优缺点、适用性等相关因素进行了分析.此外,对不同类型公交专用道的特征以及设计时应注意的问题进行了说明,给出了常用公交专用道的设计示意图.归纳了快速公交专用道规划实施要点.最后,对北京市南中轴路快速公交专用道以及三环路公交专用道的设置形式进行了分析.     

金华市中心城区快速公交专线设计

快速公交系统（BusRapidTransit,简称BRT）是目前世界上成功推广的一种新型公共交通系统,是一种介于轨道交通和常规公交之间的交通方式。根据BRT设计标准的要求对金华市中心城区进行调查问卷、流量采集,对金华市现有车流量状况进行分析,完成线路的初步设计。在对公交车的选取、车站的设计进行综合分析后,完成大容量快速公共系统的系统设计,旨在缓解金华市交通拥挤的状况。     

兰州市快速公交项目的综合评价问题

兰州市安宁区的交通由于其带状地形的特点而受到严重制约,在分析快速公交系统特点以及与其他交通方式相比较的基础上,说明兰州市发展快速公交的必然及其产生的影响,并建立评价指标系统模型,提出快速公交评价方法。     

快速公交路口交通组织设计研究

在进行BRT设计过程中,BRT途径路口交通组织设计以及BRT主线车辆与BRT支线车辆在路口专用道的路权分配问题,是非常重要的环节.研究BRT主线车辆与BRT支线在交叉口的转向组织类型和路权分配,可为同行提供参考.     

Bus Rapid Transit System in Istanbul: A Success Story or Flawed Planning Decision?

Abstract

There is a growing tendency in cities around the world to invest in Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in an attempt to improve the capacity and quality of public transport services. The appeal of BRTs is based on their ability to combine the service level of rail transit systems with the flexibility of buses at relatively lower investment costs, and this was the motivation behind the opening of such a system in the Turkish city of Istanbul in 2007. This system has attracted mixed opinions as to its performance, as while passenger ridership figures are extremely high, proving the effectiveness of the system, there is an argument that the corridor should have been developed with rail technology, and that the BRT is failing to meet the demand. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of this system, assessing its planning and performance through a comparative analysis of a number of BRTs in the world and Istanbul's metro and tram systems. The analysis confirms the success of the system in terms of passenger statistics, but also highlights a number of problems in certain planning decisions that should be addressed, thus taking the discussion beyond a simplified comparison of bus and rail technologies.     

Why do paratransit operators resist participation in bus rapid transit? Case evidence from Bogota,Mexico City,Johannesburg and Lagos

ABSTRACT

Public transport in cities of the Global South is mainly provided by paratransit operators who self-regulate their services in the absence of adequate formal transport supply and due to weak or no formal regulatory framework and enforcement. Paratransit operators compete with each other for passengers as every passenger translates into profit. Governments in the Global South have sought to reform public transport services through Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) to regulate and ensure efficiency, address the problems of drivers competition and negative externalities associated with paratransit operations. Paratransit operators have been considered as one of the barriers to public transport reforms such as BRT without much consideration for their style of operations. This neglect has contributed to their resistance and low interest in participating in BRT and has even led to opposition. Consequently, non-consideration of incumbent operators in the implementation of transit reforms has been one important reason for delay or failure in their introduction. In this study, we identify reasons why paratransit operators resist and show low interest in BRT even in situations where public institutions have opted not to replace them but rather invite them to participate in the reforms. The basis is a case study analysis of four cities with different characteristics and different BRT implementation strategies where paratransit operators showed resistance and low interest to participate. We identify (1) loss of autonomy, flexibility and established practices/routines, (2) financial and economic risk avoidance and (3) lack of trust in governments who initiate reforms as a basis for their resistance and low interest. These findings are theoretically substantiated by organisational management and social psychology concepts that explain resistance to change. Understanding and recognising these reasons may help planners in designing more appropriate strategies for paratransit reforms.     

快速公交系统模式研究——以广州市BRT试验线系统为例

"快速通道+灵活线路"模式是城市快速公交应用中一种探索与创新的系统模式。以广州市BRT试验线为例介绍"快速通道+灵活线路"模式及其三个关键要素:快速专用通道、灵活线路运营、高效车站服务。探讨该模式在节省公交出行时间以及适应公共交通需求两方面的优势。分析"快速通道+灵活线路"模式的特性,并与传统的固定线路模式进行对比,归纳其三个关键要素与BRT系统效能的关系。最后,讨论了"快速通道+灵活线路"模式的适用条件,并指出快速公交的发展应走公交集约化和系统资源利用最大化的道路,提供快速、高效、便捷的高品质公共汽车交通服务。     

首尔公交改革对中国城市交通的启示

2004年7月1日,韩国首尔市政府在全市开展了针对公交系统的深刻整合性改革,这一举措成为迈向可持续性城市交通的重要一步。此次公文改革成功实施的关健在于将管理机构、创新技术、基础设施的建设以及公交的组织和运营融为一体。作为同处于东亚的大城市,首尔在文化观念、人口规模、经济发展和城市建设等各个方面与包括北京在内的中国大城市有很多相似之处。目前,中国公交行业以及相关从业人员正面临巨大的挑战,因此,首尔公交改革的戍功经验具有特别的借鉴意义。     

BRT球锈蚀试验机参考油的研究与开发

BRT球锈蚀试验代替程序ⅡD发动机台架试验,主要用来评价汽油机油的抗腐蚀和锈蚀能力。在引进BRT球锈蚀试验机时,所提供的校机油油样少,通过对进口试验油理化性能分析,采用国内的试验油,并等效采用ASTMD6557方法。试验表明,所选的试验油有较好的区分性和重复性,可以作为将来BRT球锈蚀试验机的校机油。     

BRT专用车道路面结构分析与组合设计

该文总结和分析了BRT专用车道的主要病害及其原因,在此基础上,对路面结构进行了力学分析,确定半刚性路面结构最大剪应力区和抗车辙区范围,为路面抗车辙设计提供依据。根据BRT系统的运行特点,针对性地提出了BRT专用车道路面结构组合设计和材料选择,并推荐了两种适合BRT运行特点的路面结构方案。