Application of High-elastic Modified Asphalt in Steel Bridge Pavement

To　cope　with　the　fatigue　cracking　occurred　to　the　asphalt　mixture　on　steel　deck　avement,it　is　put　forward　that　the　fatigue　life　of　asphalt　mixture　can　be　improved　by　reducing　the　ailure　energy　of　each　hysteresis　loop　of　asphalt　mixture　according　to　the　cumulative　dissipated　energy　and　hysteresis　loop　theory　in　the　principle　of　viscoelasticity　for　asphalt　mixture　Based　on　this　principle,a　kind　of　modified　asphalt　with　high　elasticity　was　developed,and　its　high　and　low　temperature　performances　and　fatigue　performances　were　also　tested　The　result　shows　that　(1)　low　temperature　deformability　of　the　high?elastic　modified　asphalt　mixture　has　remarkably　improved　and　low　temperature　bending　strain　of　girder　at　-10　℃　is　above　10　000　με;　(2)　the　fatigue　life　of　modified　asphalt　mixture　with　high　elasticity　has　greatly　improved　by　4?point　bending　beam　test　compared　with　common　modified　asphalt　mixture　The　fatigue　life　at　1　000　με　deformability　is　about　19　million　times　which　is　about　20　times　longer　than　that　of　ordinary　asphalt　mixture     

非饱和黏性地基土的土-水特征曲线试验及模拟

内地港口地基土在地下径流和降雨入渗作用下,多为非饱和土,其土-水特性影响港口地基稳定性。以安徽淮北港非饱和黏性地基土为研究对象,开展不同初始含水率、初始干密度、竖向应力以及干湿循环次数下的土-水特征曲线(SWCC)试验。研究发现:初始干密度和竖向应力对非饱和黏性地基土SWCC的影响相似,对进气值、初气值、脱湿速率、吸湿速率和残余饱和度影响较大;初始含水率对土体脱湿、吸湿速率影响较小,随着初始含水率的提升,进气值、吸气值、残余饱和度递增;随着干湿循环作用的增强,进气值和出气值的衰减逐渐削弱。结合地基土土-水特性,修正几种常用的SWCC模型,模拟不同工况下的SWCC,通过评分的方式得到适用于淮北港非饱和黏性地基土的推荐模型。研究成果可为不同工况下非饱和黏性地基土的土-水特性及港口地基稳定性研究提供参考。     

基于实时动态迟滞的LTE-R切换算法优化研究

现行的的LTE-R切换算法在进行切换时采用固定的切换迟滞,或者对列车速度进行分级,进而调节动态迟滞,只做到了"局部动态",这意味着确定更准确的切换触发点是一个关键问题。首先,为了切换方案的顺利提出,根据实际信道模型对LTE-R网络重叠覆盖区的过渡区段、切换区段的距离作了理论的推导;然后,为了提高高速环境下的切换成功率,优化系统性能,提出基于实时动态迟滞的越区切换优化算法,先利用乒乓切换率和链路失效率等指标得到不同速度下的切换迟滞值,之后利用最小二乘法得到列车速度与切换迟滞的最佳函数匹配。仿真结果表明,相比于现行的切换算法,改进算法具有更高的切换成功率,佐证了所提出的方案比现行方案能更有效地触发切换。     

超弹性SMA唯象本构模型及其在震动控制中的应用

超弹性形状记忆合金(SMA)具有可恢复应变大、与其他基体耦合难度低以及耐腐蚀性能好等优点,是实施结构振(震)动控制的理想材料。为充分发挥超弹性SMA的减振(震)性能,必须寻找可准确描述其物理力学性能的本构模型。本文对Graesser-Cozzarelli(G-C)唯象本构模型进行拓展,通过在G-C模型中加入马氏体硬化项,描述超弹性SMA在大应变幅值工况下的应力-应变关系;设计一种具有自复位功能的位移放大型SMA减震装置,并将建立的超弹性SMA改进G-C唯象本构模型应用于该减震装置控制结构的动力时程分析。相关数值分析结果表明:改进G-C唯象本构模型形式简单、概念明确、参数容易得到,具有一定的工程应用价值,可为SMA基减震装置力学性能数值仿真及其在被动减震控制中的应用提供理论基础。     

非线性减振器的数学模型和参数辨识

介绍了非线性减振器的工作机理和对非线性减振器的研究及发展现状 ,分析了几种数学模型和参数辨识的方法。     

桥梁减隔震设计与新型减隔震装置

结构减隔震设计通过在结构的适当位置布置减隔震装置,达到延长结构自振周期和耗散地震能量的目的。此时,主要的结构构件在罕遇地震作用下仍工作在弹性范围内。因此,结构减隔震设计方法可同时具备安全、经济、适用、易维护等多重优点,是最理想的抗震设计方法。以减隔震设计理论为技术支撑,多种新型抗震装置被开发出来,如高阻尼橡胶支座、滞后型阻尼器、液压阻尼器、电磁阻尼器等。文章论述了各种减隔震装置的基本理论及使用案例,有助于工程师进行抗震设计及减隔震产品的选择。     

Circuit racing,track texture,temperature and rubber friction

ABSTRACT

Some general observations relating to tyre shear forces and road surfaces are followed by more specific considerations from circuit racing. The discussion then focuses on the mechanics of rubber friction. The classical experiments of Grosch are outlined and the interpretations that can be put on them are discussed. The interpretations involve rubber viscoelasticity, so that the vibration properties of rubber need to be considered. Adhesion and deformation mechanisms for energy dissipation at the interface between rubber and road and in the rubber itself are highlighted. The enquiry is concentrated on energy loss by deformation or hysteresis subsequently. Persson's deformation theory is outlined and the material properties necessary to apply the theory to Grosch's experiments are discussed. Predictions of the friction coefficient relating to one particular rubber compound and a rough surface are made using the theory and these are compared with the appropriate results from Grosch. Predictions from Persson's theory of the influence of nominal contact pressure on the friction coefficient are also examined. The extent of the agreement between theory and experiment is discussed. It is concluded that there is value in the theory but that it is far from complete. There is considerable scope for further research on the mechanics of rubber friction.     

考虑气液混合流体时变特性的阀片式液压互联悬架建模

针对液压互联悬架中气液混合流体对悬架系统特性的影响,推导了气液混合流体物理性质的时变特性模型,提出一种非线性形变修正函数,用以修正所建立的阻尼阀阀片变形等效模型,从而建立了一种考虑气液混合流体时变特性的阀片式单缸液压互联悬架非线性动力学模型,并通过台架试验加以验证.仿真结果表明:气液混合流体时变特性会导致液压互联悬架系...     

Dynamics of heterogeneity in urban networks: aggregated traffic modeling and hierarchical control

Real traffic data and simulation analysis reveal that for some urban networks a well-defined Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) exists, which provides a unimodal and low-scatter relationship between the network vehicle density and outflow. Recent studies demonstrate that link density heterogeneity plays a significant role in the shape and scatter level of MFD and can cause hysteresis loops that influence the network performance. Evidently, a more homogeneous network in terms of link density can result in higher network outflow, which implies a network performance improvement. In this article, we introduce two aggregated models, region- and subregion-based MFDs, to study the dynamics of heterogeneity and how they can affect the accuracy scatter and hysteresis of a multi-subregion MFD model. We also introduce a hierarchical perimeter flow control problem by integrating the MFD heterogeneous modeling. The perimeter flow controllers operate on the border between urban regions, and manipulate the percentages of flows that transfer between the regions such that the network delay is minimized and the distribution of congestion is more homogeneous. The first level of the hierarchical control problem can be solved by a model predictive control approach, where the prediction model is the aggregated parsimonious region-based MFD and the plant (reality) is formulated by the subregion-based MFDs, which is a more detailed model. At the lower level, a feedback controller of the hierarchical structure, tries to maximize the outflow of critical regions, by increasing their homogeneity. With inputs that can be observed with existing monitoring techniques and without the need for detailed traffic state information, the proposed framework succeeds to increase network flows and decrease the hysteresis loop of the MFD. Comparison with existing perimeter controllers without considering the more advanced heterogeneity modeling of MFD highlights the importance of such approach for traffic modeling and control.     

一种新型单相三电平PWM整流器的研究

提出了一种新型单相三电平PWM整流器电路拓扑,详细分析了该电路的工作状态,推导了其数学模型,引入滞环电流控制来实现该电路单位功率因数和低谐波等特性.仿真结果表明:该三电平PWM整流器能有效地抑制注入电网的谐波,实现交流输入端单位功率因数和能量的双向流动,并且系统具有很好的动态特性.