水下爆炸作用下船舶结构与燃气轮机动态响应的数值研究

本文对水下爆炸作用下舰船结构及燃气轮机结构冲击响应进行了数值研究.首先,基于CEL方法建立了近自由面水下爆炸流固耦合动力学模型.然后结合燃气轮机-船体一体化仿真分析方法,对不同水下爆炸工况下的舰船结构冲击环境,以及燃气轮机冲击损伤特性进行了评估分析,总结了工况参数对燃气轮机冲击响应特征的影响规律,旨在为舰用燃气轮机抗冲击设计提供技术参考.     

基于准静态轮轨关系的车辆动力学基础研究

准静态轮轨关系是指在连续光滑条件下的轮轨接触几何和作用力关系,但轮轨接触"磨光"处理一般要采用加权平均的数值方法,即所谓准弹性接触。考虑到轮轨接触非线性和转向架自身非线性都将对轮轨接触产生影响,因而准静态轮轨关系的应用必须慎重,如高速转向架要有比较充足的稳定性裕度。双振子频响和频谱分析以及整车线性稳定性分析等3个对比与验证表明新型分析软件在线性系统分析应用方面具有极大的灵活性,轮轨蠕滑力计算更加接近实际,这为高铁车辆(HSRS)研发提供了非常好的应用平台。     

上下近接地下结构在地震作用下的动力响应分析

在地震作用下,探究上下近接、最小竖向净距2 m——地下商场和地铁车站的危险截面和相互影响规律。结合地铁抗震规范相关要求确立该工程的6种计算工况,建立三维模型运用时程分析法进行计算得出:相比两个结构单独存在,上下近接组合形式的结构动力响应均发生了一定量的增幅;结构构件距两结构相邻面越近,动力响应的增幅越大。因此,两个结构相邻面是地震发生时的危险截面。上下近接的地下结构的相互影响规律和危险截面等结论对以后的设计、施工能起到一定的指导作用。     

Onboard tuning of vessel seakeeping model parameters and sea state characteristics

It is essential for a safe and cost-efficient marine operation to improve the knowledge about the real-time onboard vessel conditions. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for simultaneous tuning of important vessel seakeeping model parameters and sea state characteristics based on onboard vessel motion measurements and available wave data. The proposed algorithm is fundamentally based on the unscented transformation and inspired by the scaled unscented Kalman filter, which is very computationally efficient for large dimensional and nonlinear problems. The algorithm is demonstrated by case studies based on numerical simulations, considering realistic sensor noises and wave data uncertainties. Both long-crested and short-crested wave conditions are considered in the case studies. The system state of the proposed tuning framework consists of a vessel state vector and a sea state vector. The tuning results reasonably approach the true values of the considered uncertain vessel parameters and sea state characteristics, with reduced uncertainties. The quantification of the system state uncertainties helps to close a critical gap towards achieving reliability-based marine operations.     

Experimental assessment of the ultimate strength of a box girder subjected to severe corrosion

The objective of this paper is to describe the experimental assessment of the ultimate strength of a severely corroded box girder subjected to a uniform bending moment resulting from four-point loading. Three box girders that could simulate the behaviour of midship sections have been deteriorated in corrosive seawater environment to simulate different levels of corrosion degradation of ageing ship structures. During the deterioration process, various parameters have been controlled and the total weight lost was registered. Corroded plate thicknesses have been measured in 212 points and a statistical analysis has been performed. The resulting corrosion wastage has been fitted by a non-linear time variant degradation model. The experimental results of the ultimate strength test of a severely corroded box girder subjected to a four-point loading have been analysed. The load-displacement and moment-curvature relationship is discussed, different failure modes are identified, and the strain gauges readings are analysed.     

变刚度楔形体板架落体砰击试验研究

通过对具有四种刚度的两个二维楔形体板架的自由落体试验,测量模型入水速度、砰击压力和结构响应,获得模型底部板架在砰击载荷作用下的响应特征;对结构模型在均布静压力作用下的应力响应进行结构力学分析;比较试验和计算得到的应力响应,获得作用在模型肋骨上的砰击压力的折减系数,从而使该结构在设计时仍可按常规的静力计算方法进行强度校核。通过试验,深入研究了折减系数与结构刚度的关系,并指出在船体局部结构设计中应充分注意刚度变化对折减系数的影响。     

地下结构抗震动力可靠度分析

由于地震的随机性,开展地下结构随机地震响应及其抗震可靠度分析具有重要的实际意义。本文从有限元动力分析的基本原理出发,利用脉冲响应函数和傅立叶变换原理,研究了将地震荷载作为平稳随机过程时地下结构随机地震响应分析方法,导出了平稳随机地震作用下地下结构动力响应的数字特征计算表达式。分析了地下结构在某烈度地震作用下和设计基准期内的抗震可靠度。     

静水压作用下半圆环壳的非轴对称屈曲

本文根据Ｂ．Ｂ．诺沃日洛夫~［１］薄壳理论,应用圆环壳稳定性控制方程,采用幂级数法求解 了静水压作用下半圆环壳非轴对称屈曲问题的屈曲载荷及屈曲模态。     

An approximate method to generate average stress–strain curve with the effect of residual stresses for rectangular plates under uniaxial compression in ship structures

The average stress–strain curve for rectangular plates under uniaxial compression in ship hull structures is generated on the basis of the existing design formulae. The dual-term equation for ultimate strength of uniaxially compressed plates is employed to generate the average stress–strain curve for long plates. Two alternatives proposed by Faulkner and Frankland, respectively, are considered. An approximate method to take into account the effect of residual stresses is proposed. By investigating the variation of the stress distribution at different stages of compression, the average stress–strain relationship of the rectangular long plates with the effect of residual stresses is derived from equilibrium. The behaviors of the wide plates are also discussed. The assumption proposed by Valsgard for the idealized stress distribution of wide plates under uniaxial compression is adopted. The average stress–strain relationship for wide plates is derived from the existing design formulae. Two equations proposed by Hughes and recommended by API for critical stress of the central portion of the wide plate are considered. The effect of residual stresses is also taken into account for wide plates.