长江中游荆江河段航道治理思路、对策及初步成效

全面阐述"十五"以来荆江河段治理基本情况,总结了该河段航道治理主要特点、初步成效与基本经验,并为下阶段系统治理提出了"统一规划、分步实施,远近结合、动态管理,有攻有守、攻守兼备以及提高整治建筑物耐久性并建立大荆江治理协调机制"等思路、对策与建议。     

淮河干流刘台子弯道水动力及河床变形数值模拟研究

为分析和评价刘台子弯道河段在不同整治方案下的工程效果,采用SIMHYD-2D平台构建二维泥沙数学模型对淮河干流临淮岗闸下—鲁台子河段2种整治方案进行水动力及河床变形数值模拟研究。结果表明:二维水沙数学模型能够很好地模拟河道的水力因子,也能合理地模拟自然条件下的冲淤分布,可以用于开展工程河段的冲淤演变预测分析;经过冲淤调整10 a后,在2种整治方案下,临鲁段河道主槽仍以冲刷为主,冲刷速度减缓,滩地仍以淤积为主,整体河道表现为冲刷;通过对比分析2种整治方案裁弯对上下游河道水沙运动及冲淤的影响、通航水流条件及新老河段未来冲淤情况,推荐方案2作为整治方案。     

小清河水牛韩省水船闸输水系统布置及水力计算

水牛韩船闸是小清河复航工程的上游梯级,由于沿线水资源比较匮乏,水牛韩船闸须具备省水功能。根据闸址地形条件并考虑未来船闸续建的需求,提出单级省水池的水牛韩省水船闸总体布置。按照《船闸输水系统设计规范》要求和工程特点,确定水牛韩船闸采用闸首短廊道集中输水系统,省水池与上、下闸首分别用一根输水廊道连接的输水系统,提出具体的输水系统布置,确定各输水阀门运行方式,并采用船闸输水过程数学模型计算了船闸非省水运行和省水运行时的输水水力特性。结果表明,提出的输水系统布置和确定的输水阀门运行方式合理可行,各输水水力特性值满足设计和规范要求。     

长江口北港航道治理方案评估

通过对长江口北港通航现状及河势演变分析,提出拦门沙河段水深不足是影响北港航道通航条件的主要因素。北港航道治理方案还应充分考虑与周边涉水工程、防洪防潮、水资源利用和生态环境保护的关系及影响,利用潮流数学模型对治理方案实施效果进行评估。结果表明,在航道流场动力方面,航道整治效果良好,辅以疏浚可实现航道规划目标。     

Internal tidal currents in the Gaoping (Kaoping) Submarine Canyon

Data from five separate field experiments during 2000–2006 were used to study the internal tidal flow patterns in the Gaoping (formerly spelled Kaoping) Submarine Canyon. The internal tides are large with maximum interface displacements of about 200 m and maximum velocities of over 100cm/s. They are characterized by a first-mode velocity and density structure with zero crossing at about 100 m depth. In the lower layer, the currents increase with increasing depth. The density interface and the along-channel velocity are approximately 90° out-of-phase, suggesting a predominant standing wave pattern. However, partial reflection is indicated as there is a consistent phase advance between sea level and density interface along the canyon axis.     

Modern accumulation rates and a budget of sediment off the Gaoping (Kaoping) River, SW Taiwan: A tidal and flood dominated depositional environment around a submarine canyon

Ninety-two box cores collected during 2004–2006 from an area of ~ 3000 km² off the Gaoping (formerly spelled Kaoping) River, SW Taiwan, were analyzed for fallout radionuclides (²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁷Be) to elucidate sedimentation rates and processes, and for the calculation of a sediment budget. The study area is located at an active collision margin with a narrow shelf and a submarine canyon extending essentially into the river's mouth. The results indicate fairly constant hemipelagic sedimentation in much of the open margin and for most of the time except in the inner shelf and along the axis of the canyon where sediment transport is more dynamic and is controlled by tidal current and wave activities constantly, and by fluvial floods or gravity-driven flows episodically. Sedimentation rates in the study area derived from ²¹⁰Pb and constrained by ¹³⁷Cs vary from 0.04 to 1.5 cm/yr, with the highest rates (> 1 cm/yr) flanking the Gaoping canyon over the upper slope (200–600 m) and the lowest rates (< 0.1 cm/yr) in the distal basin beyond the continental slope. The depocenter delineated from ²¹⁰Pb-based sedimentation rates overlaps with the area covered by a flood layer resulting from super-typhoon Haitang in July 2005. Such correspondence supports the notion that the processes operating on event timescale have bearing on the formation of the sediment strata over centennial or longer timescales.From the distribution of sedimentation rates, sediment deposited in the study area annually is estimated to be 6.6 Mton/yr, accounting for less than 20% of Gaoping River's sediment load. The calculated budget, coupled with the presence of the short-lived ⁷Be and non-steady-state distribution of low levels of ²¹⁰Pb in sediments along the canyon floor, suggests rapid transport of sediment from Gaoping River's mountainous watershed (the source) via the Gaoping (Kaoping) Submarine Canyon and adjacent channels (as the conduit and temporary sink) to the abyssal plain and the Manila Trench in the South China Sea (the ultimate sink).     

浅谈金塘大桥项目部的成本管理

本文结合金塘大桥项目部的情况,从成本管理的角度阐述了该项目成本管理方面的特点。     

内河船舶航行香港航线防止空气污染的检验与管理

内河船舶航行香港航线,应满足香港《商船（防止空气污染）规例》的要求,并持有防止空气污染证书。本文结合香港规例、内河船检法规及中国海事局文件要求,按照新船与现有船舶进行区分,介绍了航行香港的内河船舶防止空气污染方面的检验要求,并提出相应的管理建议。关键词：内河船舶防止空气污染检验要求     

钻孔平台(栈桥)钢管及桩基钢护筒底部固结方案

文章结合广西武宣黔江特大桥工程实例,对深水且无覆盖层的倾斜岩面条件下的钻孔平台(栈桥)和桥梁桩基钢护筒底部固结定位施工的工艺流程及技术要点进行了介绍,为类似桥梁桩基施工提供技术参考。     

红水河曹渡河口至桥巩段平面高程控制测量方法

文章从GPS静态测量、导线测量、高程控制测量等三个方面入手,详细阐述了红水河曹渡河口至桥巩段平面高程控制测量方法及实施情况。