用SPC统计技术控制机车弯管质量

介绍了一种预防机车管道弯制质量问题的方法。用SPC统计技术中的Xbar—R图对管道弯制角度进行现场控制,可以及时发现异常,在质量问题发生之前采取措施,减少质量事故。     

地铁防淹门系统的设计

介绍地铁防淹门系统闸门的设计和设备的选型、系统功能和控制原理的设计;从经济和工程实现的角度,对控制方案和水位监测方案进行比较,对控制设备的功能进行描述;阐述防淹门系统与主控系统、信号系统间的接口功能。     

感动SCADA无线列车运行监视和调度系统研究

对国外先进的列车运行监视和调度指挥系统进行了讨论，提出了基于SCADA系统的列车运行监视和调度指挥系统基本方案，对该系统的关键技术和优点进行了论述。     

模拟海洋环境条件下碳纤维复合材料力学性能试验研究

本文主要进行了CFRP材料浸渍于碱溶液、浸渍于盐溶液及经人工老化后的力学性能试验。试验证实,上述几种长期环境条件作用对CFRP的极限强度影响不大,但能显著降低CFRP的极限延伸率,碱溶液浸渍、盐溶液浸渍显著降低了CFRP的弹性模量,而人工老化则几乎没什么影响。试验结果分析证明,应用于加固结构分析的CFRP的应力-应变关系,可应用线弹性关系。     

Why is the southwest the most productive region of the East Sea/Sea of Japan?

The East Sea/Sea of Japan is a moderately productive sea that supports a wealth of living marine resources. Of the East Sea subregions, the southwest has the highest productivity. Various authors have proposed coastal upwelling, the Tsushima Current, the Changjiang Dilute Water, eddies, or discharge from the Nagdong River as potential sources of additional nutrients. In this paper, we propose, using satellite data from 1998 to 2006, that the biological productivity of the southwestern region is enhanced mainly by wind-driven upwelling along the Korean coast. Firstly, the climatology of seasonal patterns suggests that the enhanced chlorophyll a along the Korean coast is of local origin. Secondly, coastal upwelling is frequent in all seasons except winter. For example, along the coast of the Ulgi region, enhanced chlorophyll a due to coastal upwelling was observed for 25–92% of the time between Jun and Sep in the period 1998–2006. Thirdly, the advection of upwelled water through various pathways to the deeper basin was observed. Fourthly, there appeared to be a strong correlation between the interannual chlorophyll a variations of the coastal upwelling regions and the Ulleung Basin. The chlorophyll a patterns of both regions were closely related to the wind pattern in the upwelling regions, but not to that in the Ulleung Basin. Finally, changes in advection pathways also appeared to affect the productivity of the Ulleung Basin. Since 2004, there has been a shift in the pathways of upwelled water, and consequent increases in chlorophyll a in the Ulleung Basin were observed. This last observation requires further investigation.     

Impact of macrozoobenthic structures on near-bed sediment fluxes

Sandy sediments in shallow coastal waters of the Baltic Sea are often characterised by large numbers of biogenic structures which are produced by macrozoobenthos species. A series of experiments was devised to quantify how the interaction of such structures with the near-bed flow regime affects the sediment flux. Most experiments were done with simplified replicates of structures generated by typical species commonly found in the Mecklenburg Bight, starting with solitary structures and regularly-spaced arrays in a range of characteristic population densities, followed by a complex benthic macrofauna community, both artificial and alive. A laboratory flume channel, equipped with an acoustic Doppler flow sensor and a topography scanning laser, was used for high-resolution measurements (2 mm horizontal step size and 0.3 mm vertical resolution) of sand erosion (220 µm median grain size, at 20 cm s^− 1) and fine particle deposition (8 µm grain size, at 5 cm s^− 1). Sediment transport threshold values were measured for each layout. As a rule-of-thumb, both the erosion fluxes and the deposition of suspended matter increased considerably at low population densities (below 2%, expressed as percent of the sediment surface covered, i.e. roughness density RD). Above densities of 4%, erosion almost stopped inside the test arrays, and deposition remained well below the level of unpopulated areas. An attempt to extrapolate these findings to field conditions (using field current velocity data from 2001) showed that the net flux switched from erosion to deposition for densities above 5%. These parameters can now be integrated into a numerical sediment transport model coupling waves, currents, sediment dynamics and biological processes, which is currently under construction at the Baltic Sea Research Institute (IOW), Rostock, Germany.     

地铁综合监控系统的集成模式

通过对国内外城市轨道交通综合自动化系统的调研,结合广州地铁多条线路的综合监控系统的实际工程经验,详尽分析目前地铁综合监控系统的集成模式.通过比选指出顶端信息集成模式存在的不足,并提出将相关控制层设备纳入综合监控系统的深度系统集成模式的设计新思路.     

应答器报文在CTCS中的定义与应用

列车运行控制系统的应用已经比较普遍,各种速度的铁路都有运用,但在高速铁路上的应用更能显示出其高水平和具有代表性。高速铁路正在欧洲和亚洲快速发展,已通车或正在建设中的高速线路多达十几条,这对于推动一个国家的经济发展有着深刻的影响。尽管各高速铁路采用的列车运行控制系统都不尽相同,但它们却有着基本相似的工作原理,扼要阐述列控中心的工作原理,并对高速列车运行的控制信息——报文做进一步举例说明。     

The visual impact of development in coastal zone areas

Abstract

The focus of this paper is theoretical, as well as methodological. It reviews previous studies of visual impact and reports research by the author on people's evaluation of the appropriateness of different man‐made facilities in different coastal‐area contexts and other environments. In this study, subjects were asked to react to slides developed through the use of landscape models and experimental facilities to simulate the appearance of a building in the landscape, while systematically varying the visual relatedness between the two. Specific interest centered on the variable of congruity vs. contrast between the appearance of the building and its landscape context, manipulated by co‐varying the attributes of color and size to create a five‐point scale of contrast/obtrusiveness. The hypothesis was that judgments of appropriateness, and to a lesser extent judgments of liking, would vary inversely with level of contrast. The role of two further variables, the functional significance of the building in its setting, and the character of the setting itself, was also investigated. The author reviews methodological issues involved where subjects respond to visual stimuli for purposes of judging change in visual quality. These methodological issues include: stimulus‐selection and problems of simulation, choice of response measures, and choice of respondents, and the treatment of individual differences. The author calls for development of standardized scales and indices such as “perceptually‐relevant environmental quality indicators.”     

适用于我国Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路的列控系统

我国Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路有配备列控系统的需求.ITCS和ERTMS Regional是适合Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路的2种列控系统,介绍了它们的结构和功能特点.