Collaborative Management of Natural Resources in San Diego Bay

This article presents the results of a three-year effort at applying information technology to the problem of collaborative natural resource management in San Diego Bay. As such, it represents an approach to integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). This effort resulted from a collaboration between the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California, San Diego and the San Diego Bay Interagency Water Quality Panel for the purpose of (1) developing an environmental data repository to facilitate the acquisition and sharing of data and (2) the development of a visual model of the bay in support of the development of a comprehensive, coordinated management plan for San Diego Bay. It was determined from this study that information technology is an important and key component to ICZM but that sociopolitical factors may override the benefits of decision-support systems and should be considered at the outset of any project of this kind.     

Attitudes toward Participation in Cooperative Coastal Management: Four European Case Studies

Findings are reported of the VALCOAST project that had as one of its research objectives to ascertain: (a) stakeholder willingness to participate and cooperate in coastal management (CM), given local and national CM practices; and (b) stakeholder assessment of the "accessibility" and "friendliness" of current CM processes. The project involved case studies and stakeholder interviews in Belgium, Greece, Spain, and the UK. Major findings include: (1) most stakeholders are willing to cooperate in three out of the four case areas, but not to the same extent; (2) the participating "officials" in the case studies are expecting the stakeholders to be less willing to cooperate than the latter indicate; (3) stakeholders in all case studies do not expect to be heard by those responsible for CM, find it difficult to learn about the relevant institutional arrangements, and consider the communication of the objectives and anticipated impacts of CM policies to be inadequate. It is concluded that the strong evidence of stakeholders' potential willingness to cooperate in local initiatives is very encouraging for a devolved, regional approach to European Union coastal management policies, provided that this potential is capitalized upon in such policy processes.     

Can Coastal Management Programs Protect and Promote Water-Dependent Uses?

Anecdotal evidence indicates that commercial and recreational water-dependent uses have been under development pressure in recent years, and in some cases have been converted to other uses. The conversion of water-dependent uses, which range from commercial shipyards to recreational marinas, may have many public costs, including the loss of access to public trust waters, the loss of jobs and associated economic activity, and the loss of traditional working waterfronts. This two-part study investigated the role of five coastal management programs in the northeastern United States in managing, monitoring, and protecting water-dependent uses. First, coastal managers in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York and New Jersey were interviewed to assess the conversion problem. Second, in collaboration with New York City-based Regional Plan Association, follow-up interviews were conducted with coastal managers and local planners in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey to gain greater insight into the role of coastal management programs and local governments in managing and promoting water-dependent uses. This article presents select findings from this study and discusses recommendations for improving the capacity of coastal management programs and local governments to manage water-dependent uses for the benefit of the public.     

辽宁滨海公路潮差侵蚀路段路基顶面标高的推算方法

结合辽宁省滨海公路填海路基的实际情况,分析了确定受潮差影响路段路基顶面标高的主要影响因素,提出了滨海公路路基顶面标高的推算方法,并结合实际工程给出应用案例.     

自校正极点配置解耦控制器

本文提出的多变量自校正控制器，完成了对控制系统的闭环及极点配置和动态解耦，且能使系统对阶跃给定值实现稳态无差跟踪。本算法适用于最小相位系统、非最小相位系统以及各道时延不等的系统。数字仿睦证实了本算法的良好性能。     

集值渐近准非扩张映象多步迭代的收敛性

在严格凸Banach空间中,用集值映象点值化方法,证明了集值渐近准非扩张映象带误差的三步迭代列收敛于耦合不动点的充要条件.     

微观过程中的共振振动激发

提出微观过程中共振振动激发的概念,结合无阈能反应的理论,对反应（１）和（２）的理论计算结果作了进一步的解释和说明。     

带延迟的双险种复合Poisson风险模型

由于保险公司风险经营规模的不断扩大,考虑到单险种风险模型的局限性,研究了带延迟的双险种复合Poisson风险模型,给出了该模型破产概率的表达式及有限时间生存概率等重要指标.     

公路工程材料费用的全过程控制

材料费用的控制是控制工程成本的关键。通过对影响材料消耗的过程和影响材料费用的要素进行分析,提出控制材料费用必须从材料消耗量和材料价格两方面着手。并应在影响材料费用的设计、施工及运营三个阶段进行全过程控制,才能取得最好效果;在材料控制的全过程中,不能忽视设计阶段对降低材料费用的重要作用;对材料费用的控制效果还应进行实事求是的评价,以总结经验教训,为以后的材料费用控制工作提供借鉴。