船舶碰撞责任的计算机辅助判析技术研究

探索船舶碰撞事故责任的计算机辅助判析技术,以弥补划分碰撞责任比例的支撑数据不充分。建立了适于裁决雾中船舶碰撞责任比例的知识体系,包括基于船舶行为以排除人为因素干扰,兼用于高速船的避让区界的新规则。提出了地自动处理任何船舶碰撞责任比例的模型。解决了船舶单项行为有无过失的定性问题及失量的计算机智能化确定问题。系统经实例试用,在合理性,快速性,经济性方面已初显优势。     

构建铁路数据通信网骨干网的网络安全管理中心

针对当前铁路通信网络面临的安全问题,提出铁路数据通信网骨干网的网络安全管理中心的构建方案,通过被动、主动的防御手段,力争构建一个完整的、动态的网络安全管理中心,将铁路通信网络调整到最安全和风险最低的状态,持续地保证铁路通信各系统的网络安全。     

The Calculation of Collision Risk on Air-Routes Based on Variable Nominal Separation

In this paper, a new method to calculate collision risk of air-routes, based on variable nominal separation, is proposed. The collision risk model of air-routes, based on the time variable and initial time interval variable, is given. Because the distance and the collision probability vary with time when the nominal relative speed between aircraft is not zero for a fixed initial time interval, the distance, the variable nominal separation, and the collision probability at any time can be expressed as functions of time and initial time interval. By the probabilistic theory, a model for calculating collision risk is acquired based on initial time interval distribution, flow rates, and the proportion of aircraft type. From the results of calculations, the collision risk can be characterized by the model when the nominal separation changes with time. As well the roles of parameters can be shown more readily.     

丰田＂召回事件＂对汽车零部件企业的警示

丰田“召回事件”向国内汽车零部件企业敲响了警钟。国内汽车零部件企业应当从丰田“召回事件”中吸取教训。要做大应先做强,打牢做大的基础;要正确处理好速度与质量的关系,任何时候都必须坚持“质量就是生命”的信念和追求;为消费者和社会提供优质的产品,既是企业应尽的义务,也是企业应该担负的社会责任,更是企业可持续发展,在市场竞争中“永葆青春”的法宝;在“走出去”的过程中,要加强“风险防范”,千万不能低估了跨国经营的法规制度的风险防范。     

LNG燃料动力船机舱设计研究

以本质安全型机舱、紧急防护型机舱为基础,提出了增强安全型机舱的设计思路,通过增强通风、加强探测与报警、采用全熔透对焊接头等措施降低机舱风险.以某内河LNG燃料动力船为目标,进行了增强安全型机舱的设计,给出了气体燃料管路上安装相应阀件、机舱和阀箱内设置气体探测和机械通风、供气管路的连接采用全熔透对焊接头、发动机进排气总管和曲轴箱上安装防爆安全阀、驱动风机的电动机安装在通风管道外、管道及电器设备接地等设计要求,达到了本质安全型机舱的风险水平.     

冰载荷下船舶螺旋桨强度的有限元分析

论文研究了冰载荷下船舶螺旋桨的强度问题。基于冰载荷经验公式和五种典型计算工况,利用有限元法进行了冰载荷下螺旋桨的强度分析。建立了一种冰/桨叶碰撞计算模型,对碰撞过程中接触力的变化及螺旋桨的动态响应进行了研究。计算结果可供螺旋桨结构设计时参考。     

桥梁工程事故回顾分析与对策探讨

本文通过回顾从19世纪初以来世界上主要发生的桥梁事故情况,选取其中三个较为典型的桥梁事故,分析其倒塌的原因,并结合作者收集的信息,统计出桥梁事故发生的规律,从而对避免桥梁工程事故的发生提出一些建议和对策。     

A trial application of FSA methodology to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers

Formal safety assessment (FSA) is a formal, structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, property and marine environment, by using risk and cost–benefit assessments. For the application of this methodology to the rule-making process, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) presented the Interim Guidelines, which describe procedures of FSA and inputs/outputs of each procedure in detail. This paper basically deals with an application of FSA methodology according to the IMO's Interim Guidelines to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers, which was carried out as a cooperative research between Korean Register of Shipping and Seoul National University. As results of this application study, 18 hazards are identified and 32 risk control measures are devised to reduce the associated risks. Potential risks, costs and benefits when some Risk Control Options are introduced are evaluated in monetary unit of US $. Finally, some discussions and recommendations based on experiences are also given for both future work and better application of this FSA methodology to the rule-making process.     

航标技术改造中的风险预测及管理

风险预测及管理是国示航8标界近年来颇为关注的话题。如何在航标管理中引入风险的概念,如何通过风险管理来达到航标建设投入与产出的合理平衡是我们中国航标界人员应仔细思考的问题。本文结合以往在航标技术改造中的一些经验,论述了航标技术改造的风险类型,以及相应的评估指标体系,初步总结了这方面的经验,供参考。     

缓倾岩层隧道施工风险评估研究

基于熵法、模糊综合评价法,并结合离散元数值模拟方法,对缓倾岩层隧道的施工风险评价与对策进行研究。通过回顾相关文献,建立针对缓倾岩层隧道的施工风险评价指标体系,将熵法和模糊综合评价法运用到风险评价中,结合离散元数值模拟软件3DEC判断围岩及支护系统的稳定性,为风险评估提供依据。根据风险评估结果提出相应的风险规避对策。实践表明,针对缓倾岩层隧道建立的指标体系和评估方法,结合定量数值模型分析,有效提高评估施工风险的可靠程度与支护设计的针对性及有效性,以期减少安全事故。