航运企业投资对码头运营效率的影响研究

随着港口投资结构多元化、航运企业向综合物流商转变,“港航合一”成为航运业未来的发展趋势.在此背景下,研究航运企业投资对码头的影响能够为码头健康发展提供一定的理论依据.本文先采用三阶段DEA模型对我国沿海集装箱码头2008–2012 年间的运营效率进行测度,其次依据投资结构将我国沿海62 个集装箱码头进行分组,最后重点分析投资结构与码头运营效率之间的关系.研究结果显示,有航运企业投资的码头运营效率普遍高于无航运企业投资的码头,两组码头的纯技术效率相差较小,而规模效率相差较大.航运企业参与码头建设经营可以实现自有船舶挂靠自有码头,提升码头设施的利用率,从而提升码头的规模效率,有利于码头的健康发展.     

珠江水系内河航运现状及船型标准化调研报告

本文是推进珠江水系内河船型标准化工作调研报告的部分内容。报告分析了珠江水系推进船型标准化存在的问题,通过征求有关部门和地方航运业者意见,提出了珠江水系推进船型标准化的建议。     

川江及三峡库区渝申300TEU集装箱标准船型研究

本文结合渝申300TEU江型集装箱标准船型的总体设计,介绍该船在主尺度选择、快速性研究、总体布置的确定、船舶技术性能评估等方面研究情况,供设计同类船型参考。     

加强实践教学,培养具有国际竞争力的航运人才

我国加入WTO和STCW78/95公约实施后,如何拓宽实践教学思路,培养出符合STCW78/95公约、适应国际航运人才市场需求,具有较强实践能力和竞争能力的航运人才,是航海类专业实践教学改革的需要研究的重要课题。     

Formulating cargo inventory costs for liner shipping network design

This study examines how to incorporate the inventory costs of containerized cargoes into existing liner service planning models such that the designed networks could be improved while not causing extra modeling/computational burden. Two approaches are compared: (i) not considering the inventory costs at all and (ii) incorporating the inventory costs associated with onboard time and those related to transshipment by assuming a fixed connection time. The two models are compared with the ideal model capturing the exact inventory costs on a route choice problem and a capacity planning problem based on extensive randomly generated and practical numerical experiments. The results show that: first, ignoring the inventory costs in service planning models may lead to network design with much higher costs (poor network design decisions); second, in service planning models assuming weekly frequency, the inventory costs associated with onboard time could be formulated exactly, and those related to the connection time of weekly services could be approximated by assuming fixed connection time of 3.5 days for ports with 1 day’s minimum connection time and 4.5 days for ports with 2 days’ minimum connection time.     

A critical review of container security operations

Containers, which permit fast and safe handling between modal systems, are the main equipment used in intermodal transport. Unfortunately, enhancement of the efficiency and velocity of container operations has created a breach in traditional security, also known as container security. This paper presents a critical literature review of container security operations. We aim to identify current trends and future research directions in container security. We propose a classification framework based on the following elements: presenting the container security perspective, identifying threats, evaluating container security, balancing costs/benefits and the degree of security, balancing time savings/reduction and the degree of security, and securing containerized transportation processes. We discuss the current studies of these problems, the methodologies adopted and important insights into container security.     

Mathematically calculating the transit time of cargo through a liner shipping network with various trans-shipment policies

This paper derives the mathematical expressions for the transit time of cargo through a liner shipping network. Main efforts are devoted to deriving the calculation expressions of the connection time of cargo during trans-shipment. For the forward and many-to-one trans-shipment policies, we conduct a minor correction towards the expressions in existing studies to improve the completeness. Meanwhile, we propose an alternative but more straightforward calculation method for connection time which bypasses the complicated inductive argument in existing studies. Then we introduce two new trans-shipment policies: backward trans-shipment and one-to-many trans-shipment, and mathematically calculate the corresponding connection times. Numerical experiments also deliver some managerial insights into the effectiveness of backward trans-shipment in transit time control.     

Methodology for ro-ro ship and fleet sizing with application to short sea shipping

A novel methodology is developed for determining the characteristics of a cargo roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) ship and the fleet size required for a given short sea shipping route. The ship and required fleet size to satisfy the transportation demand (for each pair of speed and freight rate) are determined using a database of existing cargo ro-ro ships to obtain the main technical characteristics of the most suitable ship. The time charter, voyage costs and revenue are then calculated considering the technical characteristics of each ship. Fuel costs are corrected for the actual ship speed and loading condition. A number of restrictions in the transportation problem are considered leading to the exclusion of unfeasible solutions. The maximum profit over the period of a year is identified among the feasible pairs of speed and freight rate. This general methodology is applied in a case study that considers the route between Leixões (Portugal) and Rotterdam (Netherlands). The study allows the identification of the most suitable ship and fleet sizes for different market penetration levels and quantifies the impact on shipping company profit of changes in parameters such as fuel costs, time charter costs, emission control area, installed propulsion power and stacking factor.     

PLC在船舶锅炉控制系统中的应用

本文介绍了可编程序控制器(PLC)在船舶锅炉控制系统中的应用。针对目前船舶锅炉的现状,采用可编程序控制器(PLC)对船舶锅炉系统进行设计与改进,并给出了系统部分硬件组成和软件流程图。     

FFA在航运市场风险管理中的应用

随着国际干散货贸易的繁荣和运价波动性的加大,在过去几年里FFA市场也得到较大发展。分析国际干散货航运市场的不确定性,介绍远期运费协议(FFA)的含义及其在国际干散货航运市场中的发展情况,探讨FFA风险管理的作用,最后,面对航运市场较大的波动性,提出中国船东和租家必须学会利用FFA这一新的工具进行风险管理的建议。