Feedback control strategy of a new car-following model based on reducing traffic accident rates

ABSTRACT

To reduce the traffic accident death rate effectively and alleviate the traffic congestion phenomenon, this study proposes a new type of car-following model under the influence of drivers’ time-varying delay response time. Based on Lyapunov function theory, this paper reduces the traffic accident rate problem to the stability issues of the new model. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functions and using the linear matrix inequality method, the stability problem of the new car-following model is studied. The model, under the action of the controller, can effectively restrain traffic congestion. Using the traffic accident rate model proposed by Solomon, compared with the car-following model without the controller, the model under the controller shows a stronger convergence. This also means that the traffic congestion phenomenon has been effectively suppressed while greatly reducing the mortality rate of traffic accidents.     

船舶艉部结构对尾轴振动特性影响研究

船舶大尺度效应造成船体变形大,使船舶轴系和船体之间相互耦合、相互影响问题十分突出。为此,建立了具有非线性油膜力作用的尾轴-油膜-艉部结构耦合系统动力学模型,推导了系统的动力学微分方程并对方程进行求解,分析了不同转速下尾轴的非线性动力学特征,总结了艉部结构系统的固有频率,参振质量,支承刚度,连接刚度对尾轴振动特性的影响。结果表明：考虑艉部结构的影响之后,尾轴-艉部结构耦合系统的振动特性发生了较大的改变,耦合程度受艉部结构固有频率影响较大,尾轴最大振幅随艉部结构参振质量,支承刚度的变化而发生改变。     

Non-linear dynamic analysis of the response of moored floating structures

The complexity of the dynamic response of offshore marine structures requires advanced simulations tools for the accurate assessment of the seakeeping behaviour of these devices. The aim of this work is to present a new time-domain model for solving the dynamics of moored floating marine devices, specifically offshore wind turbines, subjected to non-linear environmental loads. The paper first introduces the formulation of the second-order wave radiation-diffraction solver, designed for calculating the wave-floater interaction. Then, the solver of the mooring dynamics, based on a non-linear Finite Element Method (FEM) approach, is presented. Next, the procedure developed for coupling the floater dynamics model with the mooring model is described. Some validation examples of the developed models, and comparisons among different mooring approaches, are presented. Finally, a study of the OC3 floating wind turbine concept is performed to analyze the influence of the mooring model in the dynamics of the platform and the tension in the mooring lines. The work comes to the conclusion that the coupling of a dynamic mooring model along with a second-order wave radiation-diffraction solver can offer realistic predictions of the floating wind turbine performance.     

Future aspects in marine ecosystem modelling

Existing ecosystem models are briefly presented and summarised. The problem of coupling physical and biological models as well as aspects of prediction and predictability are discussed. The general perception that marine ecosystems are inherently unpredictable due to non-linearity becomes questionable if the response of climate variability in marine ecosystems is analysed. Many authors have shown correlations between climate variability and the variability of abundance or biomass of marine organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos or fish recruitment in different parts of the world ocean. In the northern hemisphere, certain species show a linear response to climate variability mainly during winter and spring. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Often, a phase lag can be observed between climate variability and the reaction of organisms. The identification of a plausible mediator between climate and biology is difficult, since all possible physicochemical mechanisms having a direct or indirect influence on the variability of abundance or biomass of marine organisms have to be considered as mediator.The understanding of the reason of the phase lag, which possibly implies a “biological memory”, and the identification of all possible mediators are necessary to predict the response of marine organisms to climate variability. The identification of mediators will result in an improvement of coupled models, a deeper understanding of physical–biological interaction and the improvement of predictive capability of marine ecosystem models.     

船舶推进轴系纵扭耦合振动研究

本文建立了大型船舶柴油机推进轴系纵扭耦合振动计算的系统矩阵模型。在耦会效应的考虑上，柴油机曲轴计入其当量耦合刚度；而螺旋桨则用当量加速度耦合系数和当量速度耦合系数描述。通过对实部轴系纵扭耦合振动的计算与实测分析，对耦合振动的一般规律进行了研究。     

基于流固耦合理论下穿库区隧道围岩稳定性分析

以某下穿库区铁路隧道为依托工程,对比分析有无渗流场作用和不同水深条件下,隧道结构应力变化规律以及围岩变形、塑性区和渗流场的变化特性,同时还考虑隧道加固圈厚度和渗透系数对围岩稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:地下水渗流场对围岩变形影响较大,不仅能引起大范围的库底沉降,而且能增大隧道拱顶和拱腰的位移,并且能够减小仰拱的隆起量以及加剧围岩塑性区的范围;隧道的开挖能够对地下水孔隙水压力的分布形成明显的扰动,并且在两拱脚处渗流速度最大,最大塑性区位于横向临时支撑处;注浆加固圈能够改善围岩的受力,隧道最优注浆圈厚度在5m,并且当渗透系数小于围岩渗透系数的1/50时注浆圈加固效果不再明显。     

轨道电路并行线路间的干扰分析

分析了同方向载频并行线路间存在的干扰途径,对3类主要干扰途径的形成原因与主要相关因素进行了简要的阐述.     

基于耦合电感理论的同步电机数学模型分析

从耦合电感理论的角度出发，以动生电动势和感生电动势等效分析为依据，运用基本的电磁理论从不同的方向对同步电机的模型进行讨论，推导出一种同步电机的“新”数学模型，并在“新模型”的支持下讨论了与同步电机相关的几个具体问题。     

Numerical Simulation of Coupled Thermo-mechanical Behavior of a Cylinder Billet during Hot-forging Process

IntroductionInhotforging,variationanddistributiol1oftemperatureplayveryimportantroIeinviewofthermalstressesorthermalstrainaswe1lasthemateria1properties.MechanicaldefOrmationcangenerateheatbyfrictionalslidingand/ordissipatiOI1ofplasticwork.Theboundaryconditionfortemperatureismodifiedbythechangeinmaterialshape.Dietemperatureusuallyislowerthanworkpiecetemperatureandthisfactresultsindiechilling.Itsignificantlyaffectsthetemperatureoftheworkpiecea11d,consequently,alterstheflowstress.Whenthedieisr…     

含应力吸收层的旧沥青路面加铺沥青层力学分析

基于旧沥青路面加铺沥青面层的结构特点,采用有限元方法对设置应力吸收层的加铺层结构进行荷载、温度及耦合条件下的力学分析,并进一步分析了应力吸收层厚度、模量对计算结果的影响。研究结果表明：设置应力吸收层后,加铺层的荷载、温度及耦合应力均有较大的降低;应力吸收层的厚度、模量在不同荷载条件下对加铺层拉应力、剪应力有不同的影响,对其自身的影响也不尽相同。在加铺设计和施工时,可选用低模量、高变形材料作为应力吸收夹层,但应综合考虑以选取合适的材料参数。