内河货船船底结构过渡的型式分析

文章结合广西内河货船特点,分析船舶由双层底向艏艉部单层底过渡的结构型式,在规范未作明确要求的情况下,探讨使船舶建造相关方接受的处理办法。     

The costs and benefits of reducing SO2 emissions from ships in the US West Coastal waters

Potential costs and benefits of policy options for reducing offshore ship pollution are examined using a meta-analysis of studies synthesized regionally for the US West Coast. Net benefits of reducing SO₂ emissions from cargo ships in the US West Coast waters are found to range between $98 million and $284 million, annually; the benefit–cost ratio varies between 1.8 and 3.36, depending on the size of the control area and the sulfur content limit. The results show that about 21,000 tons of on-land equivalent SO₂ emissions or about 33% of SO₂ emissions from all mobile sources in California in 2005 can be reduced annually if the US West Coast exclusive economic zone is designated as an International Maritime Organization-compliant SO_x emission control area (SECA) with fuel-sulfur content not exceeding 1.5%. The analysis demonstrates that designating this area reduces more emissions than establishing a smaller zone at a lower but favorable benefit-cost ratio. Control measures that require 0.5% low-sulfur fuels reduce more SO₂ emissions, and also may have higher net benefits. Technological alternatives may achieve benefits of emissions reductions on the US West Coast across higher ranges of potential fuel prices. Combinations of fuel switching and control technology strategies provide the most cost-effective benefits from SECAs on the US West Coast and other world regions.     

路面平整度对小汽车噪声的影响研究

噪声作为交通环境污染的主要类型之一,正呈现出越来越严重的趋势。国内外大量研究表明,车辆在城市道路上行驶时产生的噪声主要有动力噪声和轮胎噪声两部分。而平整度对这两部分噪声的噪声源都有重要的影响。本文主要研究的是城市道路中路面的平整度对小汽车的噪声产生的综合影响。结果表明,在正常行驶时(不固定排档),平整度与噪声间有明显的线性关系。这一结果使得交通噪声的预测精度得到了一定的提高。     

Ship selection using a multiple-criteria synthesis approach

A method is presented for selecting a preferred ship from a group of candidates as a reference ship for a new design. The method is based on a recently developed approach for multiple-criteria decision analysis under uncertainty, the evidential reasoning approach. Using this method, both quantitative and qualitative attributes of a complicated nature can be considered in the selection process. The method consists of three phases: identifying suitable candidate ships, evaluating them in terms of both conventional techno-economical and qualitative attributes, and aggregating all the attributes using the evidential reasoning approach. This three-phase procedure is illustrated by means of an oil tanker selection example. The results of this study show that the evidential reasoning approach can support multiple-criteria ship selection processes when both qualitative and quantitative information with or without uncertainties have to be taken into account. The outcomes generated by the method include the ranking of the candidate ships and indications of their strengths and weaknesses in the format of performance distributions over different assessment grades. Such information is vital in helping decision makers to make an informed selection and be aware of any risk implication associated with the selection.     

南通船舶工业的现状与发展对策研究

南通具有发展船舶工业得天独厚的自然条件、区位优势和工业基础．船舶工业是南通市的支柱产业,造船量占据全省的半壁江山,且展现出发展成为造船强市的广阔前景．但是,在其迅猛发展的势头下,必须看到制约船舶工业发展的问题,只有坚持以科学的发展观为指导从发展战略的高度去审视这些问题,采取有效措施解决好这些问题,才能抓住机遇加快发展,将造船大市建成造船强市。     

Foreland-based regionalization: Integrating intermediate hubs with port hinterlands

Development and changes in port hinterlands have received considerable attention as they represent substantial opportunities to improve the efficiency of global freight distributions. Port regionalization was a concept brought forward by Notteboom and Rodrigue (2005) to articulate the emerging port hinterland dynamics in light of containerization, supply chain management and the setting of inland terminals. This paper expands this concept by focusing on a particular dimension of the regionalization paradigm concerning the evolving role of intermediate hubs. It is argued that, in addition to hinterland-based regionalization, there is also a foreland-based regionalization where intermediate hubs capture a maritime hinterland. This intensity and viability of processes of foreland-based regionalization depend on multiple geographical, technical and market-related factors, and this paper identifies and analyzes these underlying parameters. By doing so, it assesses whether foreland-based regionalization is simply a transitional phase in port development or, alternatively, represents emerging functional characteristics of contemporary freight distributions.     

大连港吞吐量适度发展水平预测模型

本研究采用工程模糊集的理论方法,对大连港的能源消耗、环境污染代价及其对大连市经济建设的贡献进行综合评价,以港口吞吐量发展水平与城市环境可承载能力相适应为前提,建立港口吞吐量适度发展水平预测模型。本研究可为大连港的适度发展提供理论依据,并具有推广应用价值。     

基于iPOE电源的新型船用iDC数据中心集成方案设计

分析船舶网络应用现状和POE电源的不足,提出一种新型i DC数据中心设计方案。该方案将船舶网络中的服务器、交换机、路由器、iPOE电源、无线接入设备和配线架等集成到一个紧凑型的桌面或墙挂机箱中,同时改进传统的POE电源为强化监管和控制的iPOE电源。具体研发内容包括以太网交换机、WiFi/Bluetooth LE路由器、iPSE控制器、iPD设备端分离器、iPD延长器、iPD合成器/分离器等电路设计和软件设计,网络服务器主板选型,以及iDC整机设计和控制软件设计。实船验证表明,该方案使设备体积减小了80倍,重量减小了25倍,功耗减小了9倍,成本减小了2倍,并降低了船上布线工程复杂度,方便了网络使用。     

大连市快速轨道交通3号线调度集中系统实现方案

国产化的调度集中(CTC)系统,以其完善和可靠的性能在城市轨道交通领域得到广泛应用.针对大连市快速轨道交通3号线信号CTC系统工程实例,介绍了CTC系统的体系结构、设计原理、系统功能、系统特点等.在工程实施过程中,根据大连市城市轨道交通初期客流小的特点,CTC系统的设计尽量简约,既减少了投资,又提高了性能价格比;CTC系统设计采用模块化结构,便于中、远期系统扩容;核心部件采用冗余设计,以增加系统的可靠性;所有硬件均采用国产化设备,降低了用户的维修成本;软件设计可根据用户的需求,提供灵活的解决方案.     

《燃油公约》的实施对建立和完善我国污染损害赔偿机制的作用

随着我国海洋经济的迅猛发展,海上船舶活动密度迅速增加,船舶发生污染事故的风险也随之增加,导致对船舶污染损害赔偿的压力增大。文中通过《2001年国际燃油污染损害民事责任公约》的生效实施对我国污染损害赔偿机制的作用分析,提出建立和完善我国污染损害赔偿机制的意见和建议。