喷油系统与柴油机的匹配

本文对喷油系统与柴油机的匹配程序、每一工序的内容、要解决的问题及方法、各工序之间的配合关系作了全面系统的介绍。     

230柴油机超高增压系统选型研究

探讨了 ２０Ｖ２３０柴油机实现Ｐ_（ｍｅ）＝ ２．５ＭＰａ超高增压的技术途径,总结了目前的各种超高增压柴油机所采取的技术措施,分析了顾氏系统、相继增压系统和高工况放气系统的柴油机性能,提出了“相继增压与顾氏系统相结合的复合涡轮增压系统”,并对增压系统选型及整机布置进行了讨论。     

低速柴油机燃油喷射系统的新进展

介绍了大型低速柴油机燃油喷射系统的改进设计过程,并对其最新设计方案进行了探讨。     

Electric versus conventional vehicles: social costs and benefits in France

This article compares the social costs of electric vehicles with those of conventional, thermal vehicles for typical passenger use in the Ile-de-France region (Greater Paris), a case of particular interest because nearly 80% of the electricity is generated by nuclear power plants. A four-seat electric car is compared to a new conventional car of the same make and model; for the latter both the gasoline and the diesel version are considered because almost half of new car sales in France are diesel. These results are also compared to typical existing diesel and gasoline vehicles in the current French fleet. The methodology developed by the ExternE (External Costs of Energy) Project of the European Commission is used to estimate the costs associated with atmospheric pollution due to power plants, refineries and tail pipe emissions. Our discussion of externalities is limited to air pollution thus excluding others such as costs associated with noise or accidents. Our results imply that the external costs are large and significant, even when one considers the uncertainties. If internalized by government regulations, these externalities can render the total cost of an electric vehicle more competitive with that of currently available thermal vehicles in large urban centers if the electricity is produced by sources with low pollution. However, the current generation electric vehicles are so expensive that internalization of pollution damage would not give it a very clear advantage.     

内燃机车润滑油中元素浓度梯度界限值的确定与故障诊断

内燃机车润滑油监测与故障诊断过程中,原子光谱分析的元素浓度值是一项非常重要的指标,其中,元素浓度变化梯度值的监测和梯度界限值的确定尤为重要。借助Matlab软件工具和数理统计方法,以大量测定的元素浓度样本数据为基础,计算该元素的标准梯度界限值,并求出其警戒界限值和异常界限值。将后续测出的需判断的元素浓度值与标准判断值进行比较,评定该元素浓度梯度值的变化情况,以判断内燃机车的运行状况。     

柴油机的电控技术及展望

文章概述了现阶段柴油机的控制技术,重点讲述了电控燃油喷射系统、数控电子调速器及电控变截面涡轮增压系统。在与传统的控制设备比较的基础上,分析其优点及存在的不足并对国内柴油机电控技术的发展作出了展望。     

Characteristics of gaseous and particulate pollutants exhaust from logistics transportation vehicle on real-world conditions

On-road vehicle tests of three heavy duty diesel trucks were conducted by a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) in Chengdu, China. SEMTECH-ECOSTAR provided by Sensors Inc. was employed to detect gaseous emissions and MI2, an emissions measuring instrument powered by the Pegasor Particulate Sensor (PPS) was used to detect particulate emissions during the tests. The impacts of speed, acceleration and engine load on emissions were analyzed. The average nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission factors of the heavy duty diesel truck (HDDT), medium-duty diesel truck (MDDT), light duty diesel truck (LDDT) were 7.29, 5.29 and 5.53 g/km. The particulate emission factors were 0.60, 0.30 and 0.14 g/km respectively, higher than the similar reported in the previous studies. Both gaseous and particulate emission exhibit significant correlations with the change in vehicle speed, acceleration and power demand. The highest emission was generally in high VSPs and higher loads. High engine load caused by aggressive driving was the main factor of high emissions for the vehicles on real-world conditions.     

非平衡等离子体改善柴油机排放的研究

柴油机在应用中,最大的问题是其微粒物和NOx的排放较多,寻找一种可行的技术来实现同时降低其微粒物和NOx已经成为目前柴油机排放研究中急需解决的问题。等离子体技术以其对NOx突出的净化效果成为目前国内外各研究机构的研究重点。本文在通过对等离子体理论及其反应机理进行分析的基础上,采用湿式针板电晕放电反应器结合旋转火花隙开关式高压脉冲电源的试验方案,来探讨非平衡等离子体改善柴油机排放的规律。     

Real-world gaseous and particle emissions of a Bi-fuel gasoline/CNG Euro 6 passenger car

The objective of the present study is the assessment of the environmental impact of a bivalent (bi-fuel) vehicle, running either on gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG). To that aim, a Euro 6 passenger car was tested under various real-world driving conditions. In order to cover the full range of conventional powertrains currently in the market, the tests were also repeated on a Euro 6 diesel passenger car. Both cars were driven in two routes, the first complying with the regulation limits and the second going beyond them. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particle number (PN) emissions were recorded using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Apart from the aggregated emission levels, in g/km, the exact emission location along the route was also assessed. Natural gas proved beneficial for CO and PN emissions, the level of which always remained below the respective legislation limits. On the other hand, under the dynamic driving conditions with gasoline, the relevant limits were exceeded. Cold start, occurring at the beginning of the urban part, and motorway driving were identified as major contributors to total emissions, especially in gasoline mode. However, the application of natural gas was associated with a penalty in NO_x emissions, which were significantly increased as compared to gasoline. Local peaks within the urban part were identified in CNG mode. In any case, the diesel vehicle was by far the highest NO_x emitter.     

工学结合背景下“船舶柴油机”立体化课程建设的实践探索

文章以轮机工程专业主干专业课“船舶柴油机”课程建设为例,以校企合作的形式制定新的课程标准。按工学结合的要求开发课程体系,改革教学方法,建设课程网站,多维化拓展教学空间,对工学结合教学模式的立体化课程建设进行了实践探索与研究。