海洋环境下基于可靠度的混凝土结构耐久性评估

钢筋锈蚀是造成混凝土结构耐久性失效的最主要原因,海洋环境下导致混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀的主要因素是C l-侵蚀。本文考虑氯离子的渗透随机过程,建立了海洋环境下结构抗力的随机模型;以桥梁服役状态下,钢筋锈蚀导致结构性能劣化为出发点,运用可靠度分析方法,对海洋环境下钢筋混凝土结构不同时期计入耐久性的承载力进行了分析,并用于某跨海大桥墩柱的耐久性评估。     

一种双横臂独立悬架动力学模型验证的新方法

利用某轻型客车的CATIA三维设计数模进行运动仿真,得到悬架线刚度,并与试验结果进行对比,验证了运动仿真结果的正确性。在ADAMS/Car中建立了双横臂扭杆弹簧独立悬架动力学模型,进行动力学仿真计算得到悬架的线刚度,并通过与CATIA中运动仿真计算所得的线刚度对比分析,验证了动力学模型的正确性。该方法同样适用于其它类型独立悬架的动力学模型验证。     

Lagrangian modelling of plankton motion: From deceptively simple random walks to Fokker–Planck and back again

The movement of plankton, either by turbulent mixing or their own inherent motility, can be simulated in a Lagrangian framework as a random walk. Validation of random walk simulations is essential. There is a continuum of mathematically valid stochastic integration schemes upon which random walk simulations depend, each of which lead to radically different macro-scale dynamics as expressed in their corresponding Fokker–Planck equations. In addition, diffusivity is not a unique parameter describing a random walk and its corresponding Fokker–Planck equation. Spatially varying translation speed and turn frequency have different effects on population distributions. Validation requires extra information either in the form of the well-mixed condition for physical diffusion, or in detailed information on the sensing ability, internal state modulation and swimming response for plankton motility.     

Real-time assessment and prediction on maritime risk state on the Arctic Route

ABSTRACT

Recently, the Arctic Route has become busier with the continuous melting of Arctic ice. However, navigation on the Arctic Route would be much more complex than in normal water as harsh environmental conditions, such as ice-covered water and scarce costal ports that may cause more uncertainty. Nowadays, with the rapid development of sensors on board, more related data has become available. Thus, implementing comprehensive Arctic maritime risk assessment is urgent and necessary in practice. This study proposes an Arctic maritime risk state assessment method including real-time risk state assessment and risk prediction. Specifically, real-time observation samples’ numerical risk state would be firstly obtained with projection pursuit method from 10 risk indicators. Due to the fuzzy uncertainty of single observation set, information diffusion would be applied to provide diffusion estimation on risk probability distribution in order to depict risk state precisely. Also, the accumulated distribution can be regarded as the risk prediction for next time slot and risk entropy is introduced to depict risk tendency directly. Case study based on ‘Yongsheng’ is conducted to demonstrate and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The findings can be useful for the operators and management on board during the Arctic voyage.     

基于双模量理论的高强度钢环肋圆柱壳 总体稳定性塑性修正方法

文章基于矩形截面压杆的双模量理论和高强度钢的材料弹塑性本构关系,建立了环肋圆柱壳结构总体稳定性塑性修正曲线及修正方法,结果表明,模型的计算结果与静水外压试验测得的塑性失稳压力值及有限元结果符合情况较好,压杆双模量理论模型虽然和环肋圆柱壳实际结构存在差异,但由此得到的塑性修正方法仍具有较好的工程精度,在应用于高强度钢环肋圆柱壳总体稳定性计算时适应性好,且形式简单,便于运用。     

基于海洋暴露试验的氯离子扩散系数时空模型研究

在我国腐蚀条件最为恶劣的海南八所港,对3种配合比的混凝土试件进行实海暴露试验,通过测定浪溅区条件下氯离子在混凝土中侵入量,研究氯离子有效扩散系数随时间和深度的演变,为准确预测混凝土结构的使用寿命提供参考。     

二乘二取二与双机热备计算机联锁系统性能比较

计算机联锁系统是铁路信号的重要基础设备.随着铁路信号技术的更新换代,近年来二乘二取二和双机热备成为我国铁路联锁系统的2种主流制式.从系统的实际应用出发,利用马尔可夫模型,充分考虑了故障覆盖率、维修率等因素的影响,对系统的可靠性与安全性进行了深入分析;通过MTTF值和可靠度、安全度曲线比较了2种系统的性能.论文分析结果对计算机联锁系统的应用与推广具有切实的指导意义.     

应用Goodman弹性夹层法对双层组合梁弹性阶段变形的理论分析

将混凝土板与钢梁的接触面模拟成Goodman非线性弹性夹层,用Goodman弹性夹层法分析双层组合梁在弹性工作阶段的滑移及挠度与荷载之间的关系。通过引入边界条件计算出梁在该约束条件下的滑移规律。用有限元软件ANSYS建立2跨双层连续组合梁的空间模型对该方法的准确性进行验证。计算结果表明,当荷载较小时采用解析法和有限元法计算上层混凝土的界面滑移和挠度值非常接近,两者之差小于7%,该解析法对双层梁在弹性阶段的挠度及滑移变形分析是可行的。     

基于污染物扩散的道路限界确定方法

基于排放模型 MOVES和道路扩散模型 CAL3QHC的有机结合,通过比选插值方法,实现了敏感点污染物浓度到全域污染物状况的分析,搭建了交通污染物排放扩散可视分析一体化体系,可开展道路周边污染物扩散全域分析.在该框架下,以中国珠海南湾大道为案例,对比分析了分流前后,南湾大道的重排路段所占比例减少了 13.64%,说明改变道路等级、增加分流道路的方式实现了排放的有效分散;确定分流方案后,对南湾大道分段进行排放讨论,发现 17、18路段排放最严重,确定了其道路限界,具体值为,横向最宽处 192 m,纵向最高处20 m.此外,以交叉口为对象进行扩散分析,综合不同污染物扩散范围后确定交叉口限界.     

基于高斯扩散模型的爆破粉尘可量化可视化研究

爆破粉尘是影响列车行车安全的因素之一,为科学有效地开展爆破粉尘防控,客观评价防控效果,针对现有研究存在的不足,从爆破粉尘扩散的模糊性和随机性角度出发,提出基于高斯扩散模型的爆破粉尘可量化可视化方法.该方法首先建立粉尘扩散的物理数学模型;然后采用Matlab和Ansys Fluent软件模拟爆破粉尘扩散规律,得出爆破产尘...