Estimating fuel burn impacts of taxi-out delay with implications for gate-hold benefits

The aviation community is actively investigating initiatives to reduce aircraft fuel consumption from surface operations, as surface management strategies may face fewer implementation barriers compared with en route strategies. One fuel-saving initiative for the air transportation system is the possibility of holding aircraft at the gate, or the spot, until the point at which they can taxi unimpeded to the departure runway. The extent to which gate holding strategies have financial and environmental benefits hinges on the quantity of fuel that is consumed during surface operations. A pilot of an aircraft may execute the taxi procedure on a single engine or utilize different engine thrust rates during taxi because of a delay. In the following study, we use airline fuel consumption data to estimate aircraft taxi fuel consumption rates during the “unimpeded” and “delayed” portions of taxi time. We find that the fuel consumption attributed to a minute of taxi-out delay is less than that attributed to minute of unimpeded taxi time; for some aircraft types, the fuel consumption rate for a minute of taxi delay is half of that for unimpeded taxi. It is therefore not appropriate, even for rough calculations, to apply nominal taxi fuel consumption rates to convert delayed taxi-out time into fuel burn. On average we find that eliminating taxi delay would reduce overall flight fuel consumption by about 1%. When we consider the savings on an airport-by-airport basis, we find that for some airports the potential reduction from reducing taxi delay is as much as 2%.     

Comparative evaluation of resource cycle strategies on operating and environmental impact in container terminals

This paper examines the use of single and dual cycle operations for three types of resources, namely, quay cranes, vehicles, and yard cranes to improve the operating efficiency and reduce the energy consumption in a container terminal. Various cycle strategies are proposed and their corresponding estimation models, describing the stowage distributions of outbound and inbound containers on a ship and the storage sharing level of blocks in the yard, are formulated to estimate the total number of cycles for the resources. Statistical analyses are conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of different cycle strategies on the cycle reductions. From the experiment results, it was found that collaboration between resources with the single cycle operation always outperforms that under the dual cycle operation without collaboration.     

容积式船用柴油机油耗仪的研制

本文介绍了一种采用容法计量的船用柴油机燃油消耗仪的结构及工作原理，并对测控单元进行了重点介绍。     

舰船综合网络视频监控系统设计

本文论述了舰船综合网络视频监控系统的最优化设计及黑光夜视摄像仪在对抗性夜晚环境下的应用。基于黑光夜视摄像仪的特点和现代舰船环境条件的要求,阐述了黑光夜视摄像设备在现代舰船综合网络视频监控系统中的配置和使用。     

公铁两用架桥机移运架T形梁施工工效及资源消耗研究

预制T梁架设有跨墩龙门吊机、扒杆、铁路架桥机、公铁两用架桥机等多种方式。结合施工现场地形和现有施工设备、桥型等条件,选择最适宜工程项目特点的运架梁方式,对安全、优质、高效建设桥梁至关重要。此文通过分析轮胎式运梁车配合公铁两用架桥机移运架铁路T梁现场测定和实际施工统计资料,对32 m单线T梁移梁、运梁、架梁作业程序和工效及资源消耗进行研究,编制出公铁两用架桥机安拆、调试及移、运、架预制T梁参考定额,对铁路定额的修订和补充以及工程造价人员编制概预算具有一定参考价值。     

LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备

论述了LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备的组成、接口及功能业务情况,并且采用了双套通信模块及电源系统硬件冗余设计方案,确保CTCS-3级列控系统安全可靠地工作。     

纯氢燃料电池汽车性能的仿真

本文以由纯氢作燃料、采用串联式结构的燃料电池车用研究对象，通过仿真对车辆的部分参数和驾驶循环对车辆的性能影响进行了分析。在所分析的车辆参数中，动力系统效率的提高对车辆能量经济的改善最为有效，其次是车的总质量、空气阻力系数和滚动阻力系数减小的影响。在对原地起步加速特性的影响中，车重的减轻效果最为明显，其次是空气阻力系数和动阻力系数减小的影响。这些结论为燃料电池车动力系统的优化设计提供了依据。     

多点汽油喷射喷油器积碳形成的研究

汽车经长时间使用后，喷油器针阀表面会形成少量积碳，影响其喷油质量。从喷油器结构、汽油品质及汽车运行工况等方面探讨了喷油器积碳的机理。通过喷油器积碳模拟试验论证了热浸时间及运行时间对喷油器堵塞率的影响。     

增压柴油机车加速中降低排气烟度的研究

本文通过对小型增压柴油机在加速过程中的燃料流量特性的分析,设计出可以任意改变加速过程中燃料流量的实验装置。通过试验和分析,找出了在维持同等加速性能的情况下,可以较大幅度降低排气烟度的燃料流量的特性规律。     

某轮燃油轻改重对主机影响的对比分析

某轮燃油轻改重费用上得到很大的节约,但机械损耗和工作量也都相应提高,说明对于某种机型燃油的降级使用是有限度的,为了安全管理,必须科学地进行综合考虑.