Proposed quick method for applying dynamic lane assignment at signalized intersections

Almost all researches about dynamic lane assignment were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of applying this technique at signalized intersections. However, little attention was given to the method of identifying quickly the optimum lane group. This research suggests a quick method to find the optimum lane group for 3-lane and 4-lane approaches at junctions where each approach has green by itself in turn using the percentage of turning movements. MATLAB environment was used to build an optimization model to find the optimal lane groups at all intersection approaches for hypothetical massive traffic demand combinations using an objective function of minimizing intersection delay. This finding represents a plausible quick method to predict the optimum lane group in the field instantaneously using the percentage of turning movements at the approach without conducting massive calculations.     

Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout

Dynamic train-track interaction is more complex in railway turnouts (switches and crossings) than that in ordinary tangent or curved tracks. Multiple contacts between wheel and rail are common, and severe impact loads with broad frequency contents are induced, when nominal wheel-rail contact conditions are disturbed because of the continuous variation in rail profiles and the discontinuities in the crossing panel. The absence of transition curves at the entry and exit of the turnout, and the cant deficiency, leads to large wheel-rail contact forces and passenger discomfort when the train is switching into the turnout track. Two alternative multibody system (MBS) models of dynamic interaction between train and a standard turnout design are developed. The first model is derived using a commercial MBS software. The second model is based on a multibody dynamics formulation, which may account for the structural flexibility of train and track components (based on finite element models and coordinate reduction methods). The variation in rail profile is accounted for by sampling the cross-section of each rail at several positions along the turnout. Contact between the back of the wheel flange and the check rail, when the wheelset is steered through the crossing, is considered. Good agreement in results from the two models is observed when the track model is taken as rigid.     

现代有轨电车轨道路基联合优化分析

为得到有轨电车典型轨道路基最优设计参数组合,采用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS建立轨道路基空间耦合模型,运用正交试验方法研究扣件刚度、轨道板厚度、支承层厚度、基床总厚度、基床压实指标K_(30)这5种因素对轨道路基的受力和变形分布规律的影响。根据极差分析方法,确定影响轨道路基设计方案技术性指标和经济性指标的因素重要性次序,同时以基床总厚度为指标对比分析轨道路基联合设计方法与传统路基设计方法之间的区别。结果表明:采用轨道路基联合设计方法得到的轨道路基方案较传统单独设计方法获得的方案更加经济合理;综合考虑轨道路基设计的技术性指标和经济性指标,确定最佳轨道路基设计方案为扣件刚度40 k N/mm、轨道板厚度0.2 m、支承层厚度0.4 m、基床总厚度0.8 m、基床压实指标K_(30)(110 MPa/m)。     

Modeling the effects of traveler information on freeway origin–destination demand prediction

The primary focus of this research is to develop an approach to capture the effect of travel time information on travelers’ route switching behavior in real-time, based on on-line traffic surveillance data. It also presents a freeway Origin–Destination demand prediction algorithm using an adaptive Kalman Filtering technique, where the effect of travel time information on users’ route diversion behavior has been explicitly modeled using a dynamic, aggregate, route diversion model. The inherent dynamic nature of the traffic flow characteristics is captured using a Kalman Filter modeling framework. Changes in drivers’ perceptions, as well as other randomness in the route diversion behavior, have been modeled using an adaptive, aggregate, dynamic linear model where the model parameters are updated on-line using a Bayesian updating approach. The impact of route diversion on freeway Origin–Destination demands has been integrated in the estimation framework. The proposed methodology is evaluated using data obtained from a microscopic traffic simulator, INTEGRATION. Experimental results on a freeway corridor in northwest Indiana establish that significant improvement in Origin–Destination demand prediction can be achieved by explicitly accounting for route diversion behavior.     

TMD减振技术在沈阳站房大跨度楼盖中的应用研究

新型铁路站房楼盖具有跨度大、刚度小、阻尼比低的特点,使得大跨度楼盖结构在人群活动下容易产生较大的振动,从而引起候车旅客的不舒适。基于国内外相关的研究成果,构造人群荷载的力学模型。针对沈阳站房大跨楼盖工程,选取TMD装置对结构进行人群荷载作用下的振动控制与舒适度设计,分别对多种人群荷载工况下减振前后楼盖结构的动力响应进行全过程分析,并对楼面结构减振前后的峰值加速度指标进行对比分析。结果表明:大跨楼面结构采用的TMD减振方案可以满足人群荷载作用下的舒适度要求,减振效果良好。     

纯电动载货车动力性和经济型参数设计

依据汽车动力性、经济性指标对载货车的动力电机和动力电池进行参数匹配。并利用CRUISE软件搭建整车模型,对该车进行了最高车速、加速时间、最大爬坡度及经济性仿真分析。     

高速客车轮对动力学性能的比较

为了比较不同车轮踏面及轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能的影响,首先采用改进轮轨接触几何关系算法分析了不同情况下的静态轮轨几何接触关系,然后通过车辆/轨道耦合动力学模型,对高速客车蛇行临界速度、运行平稳性和曲线通过性能进行了动态仿真计算。数值计算中,主要考察了LM、LMA、S1002和XP55等4种车轮踏面和轮对内侧距由1350 mm到1360 mm变化的情况。结果表明,车轮踏面形状和轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能有重要的影响,且LMA型车轮踏面与1353 mm的轮对内侧距匹配具有较好的动力学性能。要确定合适的车轮踏面和轮对内侧距,须从轮轨接触关系的变化出发,综合评估车辆动力学性能。     

液力缓速器制动过程动态仿真研究

采用流体力学中的束流理论,分析了液流在液力缓速器中的动力学和运动学状态,推导出液力缓速器制动力计算公式和充放液时间计算公式.在数学计算软件MATLAB的仿真丁具箱SIMULINK中建立液力缓速器制动力动态仿真模型,以某45 t重型车辆参数作为仿真数据,考虑液力缓速器充液时间,得到了一组重型车辆在不同工况下缓速器制动仿真结果.分析仿真结果并得出了相关结论.     

Development and performance analysis of an automotive power seat for disabled persons

As the number of disabled people grows, independence and mobility become a priority for those individuals. To achieve this goal, a ‘Turny-type power seat’ was developed in this study to assist a disabled person rise from a vehicle without trouble. The design and modeling of the power seat were performed using AutoCAD and CATIA software. The major motions of the power seat system are swiveling, sliding, and extending, which are accomplished primarily by DC motors, chains, and gears. Most of the power seat parts were made from mild steel. Welding technology was used throughout the frame fabrication. To ensure the safety and stability of the power seat, various tests were performed, and the results analyzed. The static analysis of the power seat was carried out by ANSYS 11.0. The results showed that the power seat conformed to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards. The durability test was performed by repeatedly rotating and sliding the power seat under loading conditions. Dynamic crash simulation was carried out using the LS-DYNA software. The durability test ensured a longer life of the power seat, while the crash analysis showed a small rotational distortion that was not harmful to passengers. However, the front seat had a slightly larger forward displacement, which was not comfortable for passengers. Therefore, further modifications of the power seat should be done to improve the performance, with attention given to the reduction of the forward displacement in the event of a crash.     

Dynamic programming-based method for extraction of license plate numbers of speeding vehicles on the highway

In the last decade, vehicle identification systems have become a central element in many applications involving traffic law enforcement and security enhancement, such as locating stolen cars, automatic toll management, and access control to secure areas. As a method of vehicle identification, license plate recognition (LPR) systems play an important role and a number of such techniques have been proposed. In this paper, we describe a method for segmenting the main numeric characters on a license plate by introducing dynamic programming (DP) that optimizes the functionality describing the distribution of the intervals between characters, the alignment of the characters, and the threshold difference used to extract the character blobs. The proposed method functions very rapidly by applying the bottom-up approach of the DP algorithm and also robustly by minimizing the use of environment-dependent image features such as color and edges.