轮胎垂直振动动力学模型

本文提出一种自适应轮膜模型参数的简易测定方法，给出轮胎垂直振动动力学方程及相应的求解方法，并进行计算分析与试验测定。将分析结果与通常的点接触式模型相比较，对点接触式模型及本文所建立的自适应模型做了综合评价，结果表明，本模型的计算结果是令人满意的。     

Prediction of wheel wear in urban railway transport: comparison of existing models

One of the most important maintenance costs in tramway transport comes from wear of wheel profiles. In the highly competitive railway market, the prediction of wear is then a major concern of the constructors. In this article, we present and compare four models well adapted to tramway conditions, involving contacts on the rolling tread and on the flange with very different sliding and pressure conditions. Moreover, all models can be implemented from the natural outputs of the railway simulation packages classically used in industry for the dynamics design of the vehicles. The first one, proposed by Jendel, is based on the well-known Archard's wear model. Enblom continues Jendel's approach by taking into account the contribution of wheel deformation on the sliding velocity. The last two models, developed by Zobory, and Pearce and Sherratt, determine the wear from the energy dissipation in the contact area. The models are first compared on a theoretical basis and, for that purpose, are rewritten in a common form. Two cases are distinguished: mild wear as arising on the rolling tread and severe wear as arising on the flange. The models are also compared in the practical case of an urban transport vehicle running on circular tracks with different curve radii. Although the models show equivalent trends according to the theoretical study, important discrepancies appear between estimated wear depths. All models are actually dependent on experimental coefficients and it is likely that they were estimated in different conditions. On the other hand, a reasonable agreement can be found in some particular conditions. As an example, Zobory's, Enblom's and Jendel's models are very close to each other in severe wear conditions. This work shows that a general and reliable model could probably be developed from all positive aspects of the existing ones.     

基于LS-DYNA的船舶下水动力学研究

文章采用动力学方法,利用LS-DYNA的流固耦合功能,考虑了船舶下水的惯性力、水动力以及船体水下形状等因素,对船舶下水过程进行了三维有限元数值模拟。与传统静力学方法比较,动力学方法不仅能够准确的预报船舶在下水过程中的受力情况,而且能够得到船舶下水过程中瞬时速度、加速度及浮态,能够适应现代造船质量控制的要求。     

影响某艇喷水推进器推进性能的若干因素

基于某艇的推进性能需求,以喷水推进器设计工况为分析对象,采用计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）方法,建立计算模型,研究叶轮叶顶间隙、流道格栅密度、艇底水底间距、双泵轴间距等工程应用因素对推进性能的影响,可为某艇喷水推进器的设计、安装与使用等提供合理依据。     

基于独立旋转车轮的变轨距转向架研究

世界各国铁路一直保存着多种不同轨距的现状,解决铁道车辆在轨距不同区间的直通运行是国际和地区间联运中亟待解决的问题,采用变轨距转向架技术是一种行之有效的方法。研究变轨距转向架的机理及结构,提出变轨距转向架的技术设计方案。着重对变轨距转向架的结构进行方案设计,并建立相应的动力学模型,利用计算机数值仿真模拟方法对变轨距转向架进行参数优化和动力学计算。对变轨距转向架的动力学性能进行详细的分析。主要研究内容如下。(1)进行变轨距转向架的方案设计研究,从变轨距车轮的型式、移动模式、载荷的承载方式、锁紧机构及变轨…     

A study on a dynamic model of a vehicle simulator with 6 DOF for the Korean tilting train

This article presents a dynamic model of a railway vehicle for the development of a 6-DOF (degrees of freedom) tilting-train simulator. It will be used to verify the tilting-electronics and tilting-control algorithm that are to be applied to the Korean tilting train. It is composed of 6 electrically driven actuators, a track generation system, a graphic user interface, and a visualization system with a 1600-mm-diameter dome screen. Each system shares the data by means of Ethernet network in real time. In this study, a train model of 9-DOF with a force generation system to tilt the train body has been used. Dynamic analysis for the straight track running and curve negotiation of a railway vehicle can be performed in the model. A verification study for the application of the model to the simulator has been conducted on curving tracks with different radii.     

自调节独立车轮走行部的动力学性能

自调节独立车轮走行部具有依靠重力刚度使车轮回复到径向位置的能力。建立自调节独立车轮走行部的运动方程,并采用踏面斜率的泰勒级数对重力复原力的表达式进行简化。自调节独立车轮轮副的摇头运动类似于单摆,其频率取决于接触点的踏面锥度。为衰减轮副的摇头运动,需设置一附加阻尼,阻尼比要达到0.5。提高自调节独立车轮的复位能力,需要车轮踏面具有较高的锥度,使用接触角踏面反推法设计了适合于自调节车轮走行部的踏面,建立相应的车辆横向动力学简化模型。仿真分析表明,自调节车轮走行部具有理想的通过曲线性能。     

虚拟试车场动力学轮胎模型技术研究

以P205/55R16轮胎为对象,建立了虚拟试车场动力学轮胎模型,进行了轮胎径向刚度、扭转特性和侧偏特性的仿真分析。通过与相同工况下的轮胎试验台架测试结果对比可知,所建立的虚拟试车场动力学轮胎模型有效,可以满足虚拟试车场仿真需要。     

基于ADINA的水润滑轴承结构改进研究

应用有限元软件ADINA分别建立了传统水润滑橡胶轴承及其改进结构的CFD和FSI模型,分析比较水流轴向流速、轴的周向转速等参数对轴瓦变形和水膜压力分布的影响规律。计算结果表明：本文提出的轴承改进结构承载力较传统的水润滑轴承提高20%。具有较好的工程应用前景。     

基于体积力法的半悬挂舵和全悬挂舵回转性对比

针对半悬挂舵和全悬挂舵回转性能差异问题,建立用于模拟螺旋桨推力的体积力模型,评估两种不同形式舵的回转性。对标模KCS船型回转运动进行计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）模拟,船后螺旋桨作用使用体积力模型替代。开展半悬挂舵回转性CFD模拟,并与试验结果对比验证。设计全悬挂舵并模拟其回转性,与半悬挂舵回转性进行比较。结果显示,半悬挂舵除战术直径与试验结果相差9.48%外,其他回转特性参数与试验结果相差均在3%以内,说明基于体积力法模拟回转性具有较高的可信度。全悬挂舵的回转特性参数均优于半悬挂舵,说明全悬挂舵的回转性能更佳。