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301.
Railway reforms: do they influence operating efficiency? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper considers railway operations in 23 European countries during 1995–2001, where a series of reform initiatives were
launched by the European Commission, and analyses whether these reform initiatives improved the efficiency of the railway
systems. Efficiency is measured using Multi-directional Efficiency Analysis, which enables investigation of how railway reforms
affect the inefficiencies of specific cost drivers. The main findings are that the reform initiatives generally improve technical
efficiency but potentially differently for different cost drivers. Specifically, the paper provides empirical evidence that
accounting separation is important for improving the efficiency in the use of both material and staff costs, whereas other
reforms only influenced one of these factors.
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
Dorte KronborgEmail: |
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
302.
信息化时代武器装备电磁兼容技术发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在C4ISR系统EMC和防护,EMC“预测分析法”设计与控制,电磁环境效应(E3)验证与评估及防护技术,频谱管理,以及EMC新技术、新材料、新器件开发应用等五个方面论述当前EMC技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
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为保证长洲三线船闸的正常安全运行,同时更好地积累大型船闸人字门运行经验,对长洲三线船闸人字门启闭特性进行原型观测与调试。结果表明:平水调试阶段,人字门系统运行平稳,启门力远小于启闭机额定容量,说明启闭设备设计合理;运行调试初期,闸室存在较严重的超灌(泄)现象,人字门活塞杆受压较大,可能超过启闭机的额定油压,易使液压杆受损;采用集控自动程序运行后,超灌(泄)现象得到较大改善,人字门活塞杆受力在正常允许范围内。证明原型观测与调试是保证实际工程安全运行的有效手段。 相似文献
308.
针对目前计划内接触网停电时电力机车进入无电单元(区)的问题,提出了基于动态停电作业区域数据对比库语音、屏幕鼠标点击坐标和高清成像分析进行"三元素二阶段"处理对比方法,以减少人员操作失误和损失.机车/车次信息及对应机车属性先由操作人员办理接发列预告(办理闭塞)的语音识别获取,再通过TDCS/CTC终端机非上位机获取并核对... 相似文献
309.
列车自动监控系统(ATS)是车载信号系统中的重要组成部分.本文提出一种ATS系统的非侵入式自动化测试工具,模拟测试人员真实测试的整个流程,可配置的测试脚本更具有灵活性,可以实现不同的测试需求;采用基于计算机视觉与光学字符识别的信息提取方式,使测试流程可以完全模拟真人测试;通过验证状态机的结果,简化了测试验证流程.该工具... 相似文献
310.
李淑艳 《国防交通工程与技术》2007,5(4):78-80,83
分析了国内外弯沉检测技术现状及发展动态,比较了静态弯沉量测、稳定弯沉量测及冲击荷载下动态弯沉量测等几种弯沉检测方法,详述了贝克曼梁弯沉检测与落锤式弯沉仪各自的特点与不足,最后介绍了FWD弯沉仪在工程检测中的应用实例,有利于FWD在国内的推广应用。 相似文献