基于决策偏好的ETC系统评价指标体系及评价方法

为更好地反映不同决策者对电子收费系统（ETC）评价的偏好,从政府、运营者和付费者三个主要利益主体的角度对ETC系统的评价指标及评价方法进行了研究。根据评价指标体系筛选原则,确定了基于决策偏好的ETC系统评价指标体系;通过综合分析成本-效益法（CBA）和数据包络分析法（DEA）的各自特点,依据基于决策偏好所确定的评价指标,同时引入当前一些比较好的算法来优化CBA,DEA和AHP法,建立数学模型,从而确立了基于决策偏好的综合评价方法。该方法较为全面地对ETC系统社会经济影响进行评价,所建立的指标体系和方法能更直观、更可靠地反映出决策者的决策偏好。     

基于仿真的高速公路混合收费站通行能力确定方法

高速公路收费站通行能力直接决定了高速公路的通行能力,在总体上制约着公路的交通运行状况。随着电子收费系统(ETC)技术的推广和应用,大量人工收费车道和ETC收费车道并存的混合收费站随之出现,合理地确定混合收费站通行能力是收费系统设计的重要问题。分析了高速公路混合收费站中人工收费和ETC收费的交通流特性,结合现场实际调查数据标定参数并建立了VISSIM仿真模型,获得了收费站人工收费车道和ETC收费车道数在不同比例的情况下收费站的综合通行能力,并给出了收费站通行能力最优时,ETC交通量占总交通量的最佳比例。此外,研究还进行了收费站综合服务能力仿真研究,给出了在输入交通量一定的情况下,ETC交通量分别占10%、30%、50%的情况下收费站的服务能力。研究为混合收费站的合理通行能力确定,以及ETC车道开设方法提供了重要的参考。     

我国ETC的现状及发展趋势

目前，国内不停车收费系统（Electronic Toll Collection，简称FTC）正处于一个从探索到试点的重要发展时期。ETC系统已经成为智能交通系统ITS的一个重要组成部分。     

浅析基于车道事件的ETC服务性信息构建

随着我国ETC系统的大范围推广,从不同类型用户群体中所衍生出来的各种服务性需求越趋多样。但是由于目前系统缺乏为各类用户提供1种有针对性的信息交互渠道,从而大大影响系统整体的应用、运营和维护效率,这也成为制约我国ETC事业进一步发展和推广的一大瓶颈。文章针对上述问题,利用从ETC车道所采集到的各类多源异构数据,从中分析、挖掘及提炼出一些有价值的服务性信息,这不仅有利于现有ETC服务体系的完善,也为本行业及其他增值服务拓展了一条崭新发展渠道。     

Solutions for urban traffic issues by ITS technologies

In recent years, traffic congestion, traffic accidents, and deterioration of the environment because of growing population, increasing urbanization, and increasing car ownership have become serious problems in the Asia-Pacific regions. Intelligent transport systems (ITS) are systems that try to solve various road traffic issues using information communication technologies. Several countries are endeavoring to solve such traffic issues by deploying an ITS and achieving positive results. However, there are some problems in advancing ITS deployment in these countries, such as lack of technical know-how, a lack of coordination among systems, lack of a master plan, and financial constraints. In order to introduce ITSs, it is important to select suitable technologies and applications appropriate for each country. An appropriate plan and evaluation of the ITS project are also important for the introduction of ITS.In this paper, we propose methods for the utilization and introduction of ITS technologies to solve urban traffic issues in various countries, based on the lessons learned from the deployment of an ITS in Japan.     

高速公路电子不停车收费系统仿真测试实践

为测试验证高速公路电子不停车收费系统是否满足用户需求,提出了一种新的仿真测试方法和工具.对高速公路电子不停车收费系统运行环境进行建模,通过交通仿真模拟测试用例场景行为,基于传感器仿真模型生成测试数据,对部署在等效虚拟机环境上的被测系统实施测试.以某省真实高速公路不停车收费系统作为应用案例进行测试,试验结果表明,仿真测试有效地验证了被测高速公路电子不停车收费系统的功能和性能指标,且测试过程无需使用任何传感器及车辆等设备,有效降低了测试成本,测试工具操作便捷易用,可实现自动或半自动化测试,提高了测试效率.     

基于Paramics的ETC专用车道布设位置仿真

研究了高速公路收费站ETC车道的设置位置与整个收费站的运行效率的关系,从而优化车道布置。基于Paramics仿真软件,以上海市某高速公路主线收费站出口为例,以降低车辆运行延误、减少收费站排队长度为优化目标,通过对比新增ETC专用车道分别设置在不同位置下的收费站运行效率,研究ETC专用车道的最佳布设位置。经过分析,在收费车道数较多的情况下,两侧各设置1条ETC车道有利于减少车辆交织,提高收费站的运行效率。     

安徽省ETC收费车道改造工程实践

随着安徽省高速公路网络化步伐加快和高速公路电子不停车收费工作的快速发展,用户对高速公路服务水平的要求逐渐提高。结合ETC工程改造的实践,阐述了系统功能、设备选型及车道布局等方面的关键技术。     

虎门大桥组合式ETC系统实施与运营

介绍了组合式电子收费(ETC)解决方案在虎门大桥收费站中实施和运营情况，并就系统的技术、运营作了总结。     

Using Electronic Toll Collection Data to Understand Traffic Demand

In this study, we explored the potential of using electronic toll collection (ETC)-derived data that are a part of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Dynamic origin–destination (OD) traffic volumes were estimated using ETC data on the Hanshin Expressway. A dynamic OD estimation model that was suggested in a previous study was used, and abundant ETC data were input to improve the estimation accuracy. The results of OD estimation were analyzed to understand traffic demand and its variation. External factors were clarified that have an influence on variances in the OD flows, and statistical analysis methods for the variations were proposed depending on the factors. Moreover, the improvements in traffic simulation accuracy and performance as a result of using ETC data as input variables in the simulation models were discussed. According to the results of this study, ETC data have potential to assist in understaningd traffic demand and its variation, and the results can be applied to network management.