关于客车弹性定位套检验结果异常的分析

对客车弹性定位套外钢套进行常规检验,发现其淬硬层硬度及深度均不符合相应技术要求。采用金相分析、显微硬度测定方法,对该外钢套进行深入分析,认为客车弹性定位套检验结果异常的原因为淬火工艺不当。     

弹条偏转和扣件松动对弹条扣压力的影响

为了研究螺栓松动、弹条偏转对弹条扣压力的影响,以应用于高速铁路的Vossloh300-1型扣件系统为研究对象,建立扣件系统完整有限元模型,通过扣压力与弹条弹程曲线的实验值和仿真值,验证扣件系统有限元模型的有效性;在此基础上建立不同损伤工况的螺栓松动、弹条偏转的模型,重点研究弹条安装过程中螺栓松动、弹条偏转两种工况对弹条扣压力的影响。结果表明:螺栓松动、弹条偏转会造成弹条扣压力不足,同时加剧螺栓应力波动。安装过程中若出现这些失效工况,将严重影响扣件系统正常工作,研究结果为300-1型扣件系统弹条安装及后续研究提供思路和参考。     

地铁弹条Ⅱ型分开式扣件力学特性研究

为完善优化地铁扣件的设计理论,针对弹条Ⅱ型分开式扣件的伤损特性,参考深圳地铁一期采用的WJ-3弹条Ⅱ型分开式扣件的结构形式,简化建立扣件系统静力学模型。基于有限单元法,计算分析弹性模量对扣压力的影响以及列车横向力、列车荷载作用下的垂向振动、压紧位移对弹条内部应力分布的影响。结果表明:压紧位移对弹条中的应力分布和最大应力的影响更为显著,当压紧位移超过10 mm时,弹条后肢弯位置可能折断。依据计算结果得出3种荷载下的弹条应力分布规律,同时从弹条强度出发,初步提出弹条的预压缩量和压紧位移限值,预压缩量不超过5 mm,压紧位移应小于9 mm。     

Near surface deformation of rails and wheels in a curve and during acceleration and braking

A hierarchical concept for describing the rolling/sliding contact of a wheel on a rail is proposed, which is developed to model the near surface deformation of the contacting partners depending on the vehicle system dynamics. In principal the vehicle dynamics simulation delivers the input for a static finite element model for the elastic-plastic rolling/sliding contact investigation. To include also more realistic rough surfaces in the calculations, which is absolutely necessary to predict the highly deformed surface layer as observed in wheels and rails, a further refinement of the mesh is necessary and performed. The output values of the static finite element model are now boundary conditions for the finite element micro-model. The results of this micro-model correspond well with the micro-structural investigations of wheel and rail surfaces.     

Recent research on welding distortion prediction in thin plate fabrication by means of elastic FE computation

Elastic FE simulation with inherent deformation and interface element is an ideal and practical computational approach for predicting welding distortion in production of thin plate structures. In this study, recent researches on inherent deformation theory and welding induced buckling investigation of ship panel were sequentially introduced. Taking bead-on-plate welding as research objective (plate with 2.28 mm in thickness), integration approach with inherent strain was proposed to accurately and conveniently evaluate magnitude of inherent deformation. Also, average temperature to clarify the mechanism of influential effect of plate width on magnitude of inherent deformation was presented and examined. With the mechanism investigation of welding induced buckling by elastic FE analysis using inherent deformation, an application for predicting and mitigating the welding induced buckling in fabrication of ship panel with thin plates by employing different welding procedure patterns was carried out. Examined intermittent zigzag welding procedure is effective to reduce the magnitude of in-plane inherent shrinkages and control the possible welding induced buckling.     

基于混沌算法的等效水深截断系泊系统优化设计

为替代全水深系统进行混合模型试验,设计了等效水深截断系统。同时考虑总系泊系统以及具有代表性的单根系泊缆静恢复力特性相似,采用改进的变尺度混沌算法对等效水深截断系泊系统进行优化计算。选取了一工作水深为1500m的新型单柱式(Spar)平台,对其截断水深为700m的等效截断系泊系统进行优化设计,数值试验结果表明,截断系统的设计是合理的、可靠的。     

浅谈盾构隧道管片拼装接缝的防水处理

文章以广州地铁二号线“赤岗—鹭江区间隧道”工程为例,对EPDM弹性止水条和遇水膨胀止水条两种材料的各项性能指标进行了对比分析,阐述了EPDM弹性止水条的综合性能和施工技术要点。在实际工程中采用EPDM弹性止水条,较好地解决了当前国内盾构隧道的渗漏质量通病——管片衬砌接缝的防水问题。     

双层板架的屈曲分析

将大型船舶的双层板架模型化为正交异性极,考虑横向剪切变形和材料非弹性的影响,提出了一种在弹性角约束边界条件下求解双层板架临界应力的方法。利用该方法,对几种特定边界条件下一系列的矩形权进行了屈曲计算,其结果与已有文献的解答相比吻合较好。     

The Methodology Research on the Test and Evaluation of Static Stiffness of Elastic Pads in Elastic Separated FastenerEI北大核心

Research purposes: In order to explore the reasonable test and evaluation methods of the static stiffness of the elastic pads in elastic separated fastener, the influences of various factors on the static stiffness of the elastic pads were tested and analyzed by single factor test, a reasonable static stiffness test plan for the elastic pads was proposed. Besides, the evaluation suggestions for static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad were analyzed in terms of the installation state of the elastic separated fastener. Research conclusions:(1) The test of the static stiffness of elastic pad should include two stages: preloading stage and formal loading stage. Firstly, the elastic pad shall be preloaded with no less than 2 times at a loading rate of 3-5 kN/s, and the preloaded maximum load shall be at least 10 kN higher than the static stiffness test load range of the elastic pad. Then, formal loading is supposed to be carried out at least 3 times with a loading rate of 1~2 kN/s, and at both ends of the load range the load should be maintained for 90 s, which could be shortened to 60 s in special case when the load is less than 100 kN. Finally, the static stiffness of the elastic pad is calculated by the average value of the three test results. (2) The evaluation methods of static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad are dissimilar. The static stiffness of the rail pad could be evaluated by the secant stiffness in the range of 20~70 kN, while the evaluation of static stiffness of baseplate pad should be processed in terms of the reasonable static stiffness test load range of baseplate pad determined by the installation torque of anchored bolt. (3) This research results can be applied in the test and evaluation of static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad in elastic separated fastener. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

弹性钢索中纵波与弯折波的耦合作用研究

针对目前研究弹性钢索中应力波传播规律时忽略纵波与弯折波相互作用影响的问题,文章从理论研究的角度介绍了纵波与弯折波相互耦合作用的机理和计算方法,并采用该方法进行了弹性钢索四次冲击应力的分析计算。结果显示,计算结果与文献中试验观察现象一致,从而验证了该计算方法的有效性。