企业发展"以人为本"

提出了人是企业经营的主体,是确保竞争优势地位中决定性的因素。企业要科学、健康、快速的发展,必须以人为本,以人为根本依靠,以满足人的正当需要、实现人的全面发展为发展目标。     

试论电算化会计的内部控制

对电算化会计的内部控制进行了论述。     

一种可在线调整的列车正点运行节能操纵控制算法

在给定列车站间运行时分的前提下,以能耗和时间成本最小为优化目标,以列车牵引力、制动力和速度为约束函数,建立基于列车受力特征函数的运动方程.运用动态规划法和二分法,通过回溯计算,建立回溯记录表和调整目标函数价值关系系数,设计列车离线最优节能操纵和正点运行在线调整的控制算法.算例分析以及与基于极大值原理的正点节能方案对比结果表明,给出的算法不仅可以获得与传统算法相似的离线最优节能操纵方案,而且可以对外界干扰做出动态响应,在线调整运行轨迹,在保证正点的前提下控制列车节能运行.     

夯实基础 提升水平 建树品牌 为铁路建设和运输生产服务——在2009年铁道部质检中心工作会议上的报告

总结铁道部产品质量监督检验中心2008年工作情况：全面完成铁路行业技术监督工作;科研成果进步明显;检验检测、信息服务能力有所提升;注重人才培养和培训;进一步加强内部管理,积极开拓业务。在分析目前形势的基础上,提出2009年工作重点及安排。     

对辽宁省高速公路养护管理的建议

对辽宁省高速公路养护管理进行了探讨.     

To save money or to save time: Intelligent routing design for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

Electric vehicles (EVs) are promising alternative to conventional vehicles, due to their low fuel cost and low emissions. As a subset of EVs, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) backup batteries with combustion engines, and thus have a longer traveling range than battery electric vehicles (BEVs). However, the energy cost of a PHEV is higher than a BEV because the gasoline price is higher than the electricity price. Hence, choosing a route with more charging opportunities may result in less fuel cost than the shortest route. Different with the traditional shortest-path and shortest-time routing methods, we propose a new routing choice with the lowest fuel cost for PHEV drivers. Existing algorithms for gasoline vehicles cannot be applied because they never considered the regenerative braking which may result in negative energy consumption on some road segments. Existing algorithms for BEVs are not competent too because PHEVs have two power sources. Thus, even if along the same route, different options of power source will lead to different energy consumption. This paper proposes a cost-optimal algorithm (COA) to deal with the challenges. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using real-world maps and data. The results show that there is a trade-off between traveling cost and time consumed when driving PHEVs. It is also observed that the average detour rate caused by COA is less than 14%. Significantly, the algorithm averagely saves more than 48% energy cost compared to the shortest-time routing.     

Closed-loop Inventory Routing Problem for returnable transport items

Increasing concerns on supply chain sustainability have given birth to the concept of closed-loop supply chain. Closed-loop supply chains include the return processes besides forward flows to recover the value from the customers or end-users. Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) systems ensure collaborative relationships between a vendor and a set of customers. In such systems, the vendor takes on the responsibility of product deliveries and inventory management at customers. Product deliveries also include reverse flows of returnable transport items. The execution of the VMI policy requires vendor to deal with a Closed-loop Inventory Routing Problem (CIRP) consisting of its own forward and backward routing decisions, and inventory decisions of customers. In CIRP literature, traditional assumptions of disregarding reverse logistic operations, knowing beforehand distribution costs between nodes and customers demand, and managing single product restrict the usage of the proposed models in current food logistics systems. From this point of view, the aim of this research is to enhance the traditional models for the CIRP to make them more useful for the decision makers in closed-loop supply chains. Therefore, we propose a probabilistic mixed-integer linear programming model for the CIRP that accounts for forward and reverse logistics operations, explicit fuel consumption, demand uncertainty and multiple products. A case study on the distribution operations of a soft drink company shows the applicability of the model to a real-life problem. The results suggest that the proposed model can achieve significant savings in total cost and thus offers better support to decision makers.     

The interaction between road traffic safety and the condition of sewers laid under roads

The main objective of this paper is to show how the service condition of the underground pipeline infrastructure, especially sewage systems, may contribute to road surface failures such as subsidence, bulging and particularly collapse. The analysis was based on CCTV surveys conducted in Poland to investigate the causes of more than a hundred road surface collapse incidents.The method proposed in this paper enables us to determine the risk of road surface collapse as the product of the category of probability of road collapse caused by damaged sewer pipelines and the weighted arithmetic mean category of their consequences.The key conclusions highlight the causes of road collapse incidents, the scale of the hazards, and the benefits resulting from the application of the proposed method to prioritize roads according to the road collapse risk.     

铁路特种设备综合管理信息化平台建设

特种设备在铁路行业大量应用,对其科学高效地管理可以有效保障运输生产安全.运用J2EE体系结构,采用Spring/Struts框架设计,搭建B/S三层架构,运用WebService接口技术,建设铁路特种设备使用、检验、监管综合管理信息化平台.全面提高信息化管理程度,实现使用单位、检验检测机构、监察部门三方联动数据共享.加...     

公路隧道养护与管理工作存在问题与对策

介绍了公路隧道养护管理的作用,分析了东北地区公路隧道运营期间常见病害原因,探讨了养护管理存在的一些问题.特别从技术和管理的角度阐述了养护的原则和内容,以及提高公路隧道养护管理水平的具体对策和措施.并结合大连地区公路隧道养护情况,提出了一些做法.对于隧道工程的维护和管理,这不仅能够保证工程设施安全使用,正常发挥设计功能,而且能够提高公路隧道的质量,进而达到可以延长隧道的使用寿命和降低其运营成本的效果.