耐碰撞车辆的撞击性能

对耐碰撞车辆列车的撞击性能作了分析研究,并编制了解析大型塑性变形的动力学模拟程序。对进一步改进耐碰撞车辆的设计进行了讨论。     

城市道路照明节能措施探讨

针对道路照明节能措施进行了探讨.笔者根据多年的工作经验对道路照明节能措施、途径提出了自己的观点,包括照明标准的确定,光源、灯具的选择,道路照明的控制与管理方案,如何控制间接能耗等.     

节约资源是我国长期的国策

从技术改造、循环经济、防污治污、政策支持、综合利用、可再生能源等方面推进能源资源节约,这既是缓解能源资源供求矛盾的重大举措,也是从源头上减少污染、改善生态环境的重要途径.     

高速列车头车吸能排障器设计与仿真研究

应用耐碰撞系统设计思想,提出了采用新型吸能结构和填充材料的排障器设计方案,并通过碰撞仿真分析对设计方案进行了比较。基于LS-DYNA的仿真结果表明,该新型排障器优选方案具有良好的吸能和缓冲碰撞的安全性能。     

基于USB接口的电力机车能耗记录与分析系统

以C8051F单片机作为中央处理器,采集电参数计量模块和TAX2型机车安全综合监测装置的信息,生成并存储电量消耗记录;通过USB盘转储数据到地面进行处理和分析。系统整体设计具有模块化、准确可靠的特点,对电力机车节能降耗措施提供合理的依据。     

基于滚动优化的地铁列车节能运行协同控制方法

针对地铁列车节能运行问题,提出基于滚动优化的列车协同控制方法,将系统整体最优问题分解为基于时间推进的局部优化问题。考虑列车每次停站时同一供电分区内其它列车的操纵方案,实时计算下一站间运行净能耗最小的操纵方案。在计算操纵方案时,对传统的列车4阶段操纵策略进行改进,允许列车在运行途中进行2次牵引,减小列车牵引能耗并提高再生能的利用率。结果表明:相比列车基于传统4阶段的个体最优控制策略,采用本文提出的列车协同控制方法在不同发车间隔下均可提高再生能利用率并节约列车运行净能耗,平均节能率达8.37%。     

铁道车辆用铝合金吸能结构的准静态压缩试验及其数值分析

介绍了日本铁道车辆用铝合金吸能结构的准静态压缩试验和数值分析结果,为研发类似产品提供了指导方向。     

机车活塞式空气压缩机管道振动分析

针对目前机车活塞式空气压缩机工作时管道振动大、噪声大的现象,通过计算管系的结构固有频率、气柱固有频率和压力脉动,分析了管道振动的原因,提出了综合使用缓冲器减振、孔板减振和支撑结构等措施。     

Greenhouse gas emissions from ships in ports – Case studies in four continents

Emissions of GHG from the transport sector and how to reduce them are major challenges for policy makers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships while in port based on annual data from Port of Gothenburg, Port of Long Beach, Port of Osaka and Sydney Ports. Port call statistics including IMO number, ship name, berth number and time spent at berth for each ship call, were provided by each participating port. The IMO numbers were used to match each port call to ship specifications from the IHS database Sea-web. All data were analysed with a model developed by the IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute for the purpose of quantifying GHG emissions (as CO₂-equivalent) from ships in the port area. Emissions from five operational modes are summed in order to account for ship operations in the different traffic areas. The model estimates total GHG emissions of 150,000, 240,000, 97,000, and 95,000 tonnes CO₂ equivalents per year for Gothenburg, Long Beach, Osaka, and Sydney, respectively. Four important emission-reduction measures are discussed: reduced speed in fairway channels, on-shore power supply, reduced turnaround time at berth and alternative fuels. It is argued that the potential to reduce emissions in a port area depends on how often a ship revisits a port: there it in general is easier to implement measures for high-frequent liners. Ships that call 10 times or less contribute significantly to emissions in all ports.