基于遗传算法的车辆悬架系统等效物理参数识别

针对车辆悬架系统的功能及物理特性,以车轴的运动为系统输入,对复杂的整车行驶模型进行了合理简化。以某型专用越野车辆为例,建立了簧载质量的3自由度振动模型,推导了簧载质量任意位置处的加速度频响函数;利用汽车试验场道路测试数据,通过遗传算法编写VC程序进行了数据拟合,得到了悬架系统在不同路面工况下的等效物理参数。实际应用表明,拟合结果具有较高的可信度。     

Benchmark study on slamming response of flat-stiffened plates considering fluid-structure interaction

This paper presents a benchmark study on the slamming responses of offshore structures’ flat-stiffened plates. The objective was to compare the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation methodologies, modeling techniques, and established researchers' experiences in predicting slamming pressure. Three research groups employing the most common commercial software packages for numerical FSI simulations (i.e. LS-Dyna ALE, LS-Dyna ICFD, ANSYS CFX, and Star-CCM+/ABAQUS) participated in this study. Wet drop test data on flat-stiffened aluminum plates of light-ship-like bottom structures available in the open literature was utilized for validation of the FSI modeling. A summary of the experimental conditions including the geometry model and material properties, was distributed to the participants prior to their simulations. A parametric study on flat-stiffened steel plates having actual scantlings used in marine installations was performed to investigate the effect of impact velocity and plate rigidity on slamming response. The FE simulation results for the total vertical forces acting on the stiffened plates and their structural responses to those forces, as obtained from the participants, were analyzed and compared. The reliable and accurate predictions of slamming loads using the aforementioned commercial FSI software packages were evaluated. Additionally, equivalent static slamming pressures resulting in the same permanent deflections, as observed from the FSI simulations, were reported and compared with analytical models proposed by the Classification Standards DNV and existing experimental data for calculation of the slamming pressure. The study results showed that the equivalent load model depends on the water impact velocity and plate rigidity; that is, the equivalent static pressure coefficient decreases with an increase in impact velocity, and increases when impacting structures become stiffer.     

Three-dimensional equivalent static analysis for design of submerged floating tunnel

Stress evaluation of a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is an issue important for determining the section dimensions required to resist environmental loads. However, the complex interaction between an SFT and surrounding fluid has confined most research on SFTs to longitudinal global time-history analyses based on Morison's equation [1]. Even though these analyses give sufficient information in the longitudinal direction, too little information about the circumferential direction compels an SFT section to be designed conservatively. This means that SFT design requires additional information on the structural behavior of the tunnel in the circumferential direction for efficient design. Accordingly, a supplementary approach by which to obtain structural responses in the circumferential direction is introduced in this paper. Upon consideration of the static responses equivalent to the dynamic behavior, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analyses of an SFT were performed by application of static loads corresponding to dynamic loads equivalent to those of wave, current and earthquake. The validation of each equivalent static load was supported by the results from comparison of the tension forces in mooring lines obtained using OrcaFlex [2] and ABAQUS [3]. These were used mainly for longitudinal dynamic analysis and 3-D stress evaluation, respectively, of an SFT. Based on the stresses obtained in the longitudinal and circumferential directions, the selection of suitable section dimensions for an SFT is considered.     

层状岩体的力学特征和数值模拟方法研究

层状岩体由于具有层状结构,不仅变形和强度性质有异于一般的岩体,岩体的破坏方式及机理也具有明显的特点。作者在前人研究的基础上,结合自己对该问题的研究,全面总结了倾斜层状岩体的力学特征和数值模拟方法,并对各种模拟方法的优缺点进行了比较。     

新建铁路隧道下穿既有铁路施工引起的地表沉降控制标准研究

新建铁路隧道下穿既有铁路施工时引起地表沉降,这时对既有铁路运营安全的影响主要受控于轨道的前后高低差.采用ANSYS二维有限元方法,对新建铁路隧道下穿既有铁路工程建立数学模型,模拟计算不同最大等效应力、地质条件、隧道埋深、隧道结构形式等96种工况下的地表沉降量.并利用Peck公式回归分析得到96种工况下的沉降槽宽度系数.对模拟结果和回归结果进行数据分析,推导出沉降槽宽度系数与隧道埋深的关系式,以及地表最大沉降最与地层弹性模量、最大等效应力、隧道埋深的关系式.在此基础上,根据地表沉降曲线的正态分布规律、沉降槽宽度系数的数学意义和轨道的前后高低差管理值,推导得到新建铁路隧道下穿各等级既有铁路时的地表沉降控制标准.     

桥梁群桩基础抗震简化计算模型的适用性研究

本文对群桩基础常用的抗震简化计算模型进行对比分析,指出各计算模型间的差异。在此基础上,提出改进的分层文克尔弹簧模型,并在该模型中采用桩身的等效面积比η间接考虑桩侧摩阻力和桩底土竖向抗力的影响。分析结果表明:应用集中弹簧模型模拟桩基础的柔性效应时,应考虑耦联刚度的影响;应用分层文克尔弹簧模型模拟群桩基础的桩土相互作用时,应考虑桩侧摩阻力和桩底土抗力的影响;在改进的分层文克尔弹簧模型中,桩身的等效面积比η随桩长及桩底土竖向地基系数的增加而增大,随桩径的增加而减小,且η值越大,对桥墩及桩基础的地震响应影响越大,只有当η接近1.0时,方可采用分层文克尔弹簧模型进行抗震分析。     

软弱夹层对土-结构动力相互作用的影响分析

针对某一桥墩与地基土层相互作用,采用通用有限元程序ANSYS,进行了二维动力有限元数值模拟计算,计算中均匀地基土体的本构模型采用ANSYS程序里的Drucker-Prager模型,通过EICentro地震波输入,对比分析了考虑软弱夹层对土—结构动力相互作用特性的影响。     

集装箱船扭转强度和加强方式研究

介绍约束扭转计算原理,分析集装箱船的结构和受力特点,利用MSC/Nastran软件探讨了集装箱船的扭转强度计算方法。在现有结构形式的基础上,提出几种可能提高结构扭转强度的结构加强方案,通过有限元分析比较各方案对于增加同样重量的钢料船体结构中翘曲应力变化情况,比对抗扭效果,研究在考虑成本基础上提高集装箱船抗扭强度的加强方案优先顺序,结果显示对于支线型集装箱船增加舱口围厚度可更有效提高其抗扭强度。     

等效间隙元在钢拱架施工中的应用

根据剩余荷载增量的迭代演算法求解受正弦荷载作用的有间隙连接杆件,并用温度力等效间隙对比计算,二者结果一致,再根据桑坝大桥拱架模型,用两种方法对比计算,二者结果也一致,证明了用温度力等效计算间隙元的正确性和实用性。     

利用负载磁场法求解永磁同步电动机的交直轴电枢反应电抗

永磁同步电动机电抗参数的准确计算对于电机性能分析与电机优化设计是至关重要的。介绍了一种基于电机任意运行工况下,利用有限元法求解永磁同步电动机的交直轴电枢反应电抗Xaq、Xad以及永磁体空载感应电压E0的方法。基于有限元法计算非线性负载磁场得出内感应电压Eδ和内功率角δi,进而推导得出Xad、Xaq和E0。并将此方法应用于求解一台额定功率630k W的船用表贴式永磁同步电动机的交直轴电枢反应电抗。