Weekly container delivery patterns in liner shipping planning models

This paper addresses a fundamental question related to nearly all container liner shipping planning models: whether the implicit assumption of identical container delivery pattern every week is valid in a situation of identical shipping services and identical cargo demand every week. We prove that when the number of containers transported from one port to the next is formulated as a continuous variable, the resulting mathematical model with an identical container delivery pattern is equivalent to the model with general container delivery patterns which can be different in different weeks. When the number of containers transported is formulated as an integer variable, the model with an identical container delivery pattern is not equivalent to the model with general container delivery patterns. However, the difference between the optimal objective values of the two models is negligible for practical applications. In sum, little, if not nothing, is lost by assuming an identical container delivery pattern in liner shipping planning models.     

膨胀加强带技术在翻车机房地下结构工程中的应用

大体积混凝土温度裂缝控制是地下混凝土结构工程施工中控制重点及难点。某码头工程翻车机房地下结构采用膨胀加强带代替闭合块(后浇带),同时使用Midas civil软件及一线通大体积混凝土测温系统对翻车机房漏斗梁混凝土温度及应力进行监测及分析,有效避免了混凝土温度裂缝的产生,同时缩短了工期,取得了较好的经济效益。     

钢筋混凝土梁承载力分析的打靶法及其应用

根据钢筋混凝土(RC)梁静力学分析的虚功原理,导出了考虑钢筋和混凝土非线性材料特性及梁身剪切变形的RC梁静力分析控制微分方程与边界条件。将得到的控制方程转化为由6个一阶常微分方程构成的非线性微分方程组边值问题,从而采用非线性打靶法研究RC梁的静力学行为,得到了RC梁的位移与弯矩响应。对比RC梁Timoshenko模型与Euler-Bernoulli模型分析结果,验证了所展开分析的正确性、参数研究了RC梁的剪切效应,以及通过RC梁的弯矩分析,得到非线性RC梁弯矩调幅系数;通过RC梁的正应力分析,得到了RC梁的裂纹分布区域。     

A review of guidelines for including wider economic impacts in transport appraisal

In this paper we examine how 23 industrialised countries treat wider economic impacts (WEIs) in transport appraisals. We identify 12 different types of impacts based on these countries’ appraisal guidelines. Agglomeration impacts and Production changes in imperfect markets are the most widely accepted, being recognised by 14 and 10 countries, respectively. However, about half of the impacts are mentioned by only one country, and few recommend including the impacts directly in cost–benefit analyses. Several countries provide provisos or criteria that must be met before WEIs can be assessed in the first place. We found method recommendations for quantifying WEIs in 10 countries. However, with the exception of the UK Department for Transport’s (DfT) methodological framework, there is very little international consensus on the choice of appropriate methods. Our findings thus supplement and reinforce the conclusions from the Norwegian Official Report of the Hagen Committee [NOU 2012:16. (2012). Samfunnsøkonomiske analyser. Oslo: Departementenes servicesenter] that there is currently no established consensus on the magnitude and relevance of WEIs, or on how and which of these impacts should be taken into account in transport appraisals. Recommendations for further research and appraisal practices are provided.     

山区高速铁路桥梁经济指标分析

高速铁路建设中,会从工程实施的难易程度、线路方案中控制工程的多少、工程投资等多个方面出发,对多个可行性方案进行比较,以选定最合适的线路方案.其中,工程投资是线路方案决策的重要依据.高速铁路中桥梁占比大,为了快速给出桥梁工程投资,为方案决策提供依据,以某山区高速铁路为例,从桥墩平均高度、上部工程特殊结构占比、附属工程、施...     

钢-混凝土连续叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝宽度研究

以钢-混凝土连续叠合梁为研究对象,针对叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝发展及宽度进行了理论分析和试验研究。根据钢和混凝土的应变本构关系,分别考虑了混凝土开裂前后的受力状态,推导出钢-混凝土连续叠合梁负弯矩区裂缝宽度的理论计算公式。同时为了验证理论公式的适用性,进行了钢-混凝土叠合梁裂缝宽度试验研究。从理论与试验结果对比分析得出,在结构裂缝宽度容许范围内该理论公式与试验结果吻合良好。     

基于VB二次开发桥博现浇箱梁横梁建模技术

从预应力现浇箱梁的施工特点出发,结合横梁结构的受力特点,介绍了使用VB语言开发建立现浇箱梁横梁计算的构造输入以及钢束输入的图形界面应用程序,通过应用程序生成桥梁博士的DBS脚本文件,并在桥梁博士中装载脚本文件,以快速、便捷的建立预应力现浇梁横梁有限元模型。     

温度对结构模态参数的影响研究

在完成结构刚度矩阵计算的前提下,以桁架结构和矩形截面悬臂板为模型,利用有限元程序ANSYS进行建模,分析了不同类型的结构在温度变化作用下的响应,从而得知温度变化对桁架结构的模态参数影响不大,而对矩形截面悬臂板梁的模态参数有一定的影响.     

预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工安全性设计与控制分析

分析了三跨一联连续梁桥满堂支架施工存在的风险,用MIDAS/Civil程序分析计算了支架结构的强度、刚度和稳定性。通过调整主梁结构设计和施工工艺,保证了桥梁施工的安全性。在此基础上,用GQJS分析了主梁各施工阶段的结构内力和变形,为施工控制提供了理论基础。     

基于欧拉方程的实效伴流计算

采用有限体积法计算螺旋桨与船尾的干扰流场,船尾流场采用欧拉方程进行求解,通过与螺旋桨性能计算程序相互迭代确定其实效伴流场。对桨盘处轴向伴流的计算表明,计算结果是合理的。