基于改进进化算法的螺旋桨设计方法研究

本文采用约束直接搜索法进行螺旋桨设计,建立了初步设计和终结设计的数学模型,并运用进化算法优化求解,经过多个实例验算,取得了满意的结果.     

The fleet size and mix pollution-routing problem

This paper introduces the fleet size and mix pollution-routing problem which extends the pollution-routing problem by considering a heterogeneous vehicle fleet. The main objective is to minimize the sum of vehicle fixed costs and routing cost, where the latter can be defined with respect to the cost of fuel and CO₂ emissions, and driver cost. Solving this problem poses several methodological challenges. To this end, we have developed a powerful metaheuristic which was successfully applied to a large pool of realistic benchmark instances. Several analyses were conducted to shed light on the trade-offs between various performance indicators, including capacity utilization, fuel and emissions and costs pertaining to vehicle acquisition, fuel consumption and drivers. The analyses also quantify the benefits of using a heterogeneous fleet over a homogeneous one.     

Dynamic airspace sectorisation for flight-centric operations

Today’s air traffic operations follow the paradigm of ‘flow follows structure’, which already limits the operational efficiency and punctuality of current air traffic movements. Therefore, we introduce the dynamic airspace sectorisation and consequently change this paradigm to the more appropriate approach of ‘structure follows flow’. The dynamic airspace sectorisation allows an efficient allocation of scarce resources considering operational, economic and ecological constraints in both nominal and variable air traffic conditions. Our approach clusters traffic patterns and uses evolutionary algorithms for optimisation of the airspace, focusing on high capacity utilisation through flexible use of airspace, appropriate distribution of task load for air traffic controllers and fast adaptation to changed operational constraints. We thereby offer a solution for handling non-convex airspace boundaries and provide a proof of concept using current operational airspace structures and enabling a flight-centric air traffic management. We are confident that our developed dynamic airspace sectorisation significantly contributes to the challenges of future airspace by providing appropriate structures for future 4D aircraft trajectories taking into account various operational aspects of air traffic such as temporally restricted areas, limited capacities, zones of convective weather or urban air mobility. Dynamic sectorisation is a key enabling technology in the achievement of the ambitious goals of Single European Sky and Flightpath 2050 through a reduction in coordination efforts, efficient resource allocation, reduced aircraft emissions, fewer detours, and minimisation of air traffic delays.     

Dynamic change of aircraft seat condition for fast boarding

Aircraft boarding is a process mainly impacted by the boarding sequence, individual passenger behavior and the amount of hand luggage. Whereas these aspects are widely addressed in scientific research and considered in operational improvements, the influence of infrastructural changes is only focused upon in the context of future aircraft design. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the innovative approach of a Side-Slip Seat, which allows passengers to pass each other during boarding. The seat holds the potential to reduce the boarding time by approx. 20%, even considering operational constraints, such as passenger conformance to the proposed boarding strategy. A validated stochastic boarding model is extended to analyze the impact of the Side-Slip Seat. The implementation of such fundamental change inside the aircraft cabin demands for adapted boarding strategies, in order to cover all the benefits that accompany this new dynamic seating approach. To reasonably identify efficient strategies, an evolutionary algorithm is used to systematically optimize boarding sequences. As a result, the evolutionary algorithm depicts that operationally relevant boarding strategies implementing the Side-Slip Seat should differentiate between the left and the right side of the aisle, instead of the current operationally preferred boarding from the back to the front.     

基于"stretching"技术的粒子群优化算法

粒子群优化算法是一种随机的全局优化搜索方法。本文系统的介绍了粒子群优化算法和"Stretching"技术并提出了基于"stretching"技术的粒子群算法,然后用标准测试函数对新算法进行了实验。实验结果表明新算法在解的收敛性和稳定性等方面优于基本的粒子群优化算法。     

高填方涵洞减荷措施有限元计算分析

对采用减荷措施的高填方涵洞进行有限元计算,分析其在此条件下的垂直土压力、侧向土压力及基底土压力,以此证明采取减荷措施进行涵洞设计的意义与经济价值。     

基于周期性病毒遗传算法的自动化立库货位优化研究

大型自动化立体仓库是物流重要环节,其货物存取效率至关重要,而货位优化配置是提升其效率的有效方法.比较分析了几种常见的货位优化方法后,选择周期性病毒遗传算法（CVEGA）进行优化仿真,并根据实际优化条件设计了列数优先的病毒编码规则.结果表明：和传统遗传算法相比,计算效率有了明显提升,更能满足现场实际需求.     

后张法预应力钢绞线张拉伸长值的计算

桥梁预应力施工时,采用张拉应力和伸长值双控,实际伸长值与理论伸长值误差不得超过6%,所以伸长值的计算就相当重要,结合实际施工过程,通过对后张法现浇预应力箱梁预应力钢绞线张拉伸长值的计算,总结出一套较适用于现场施工的伸长值的计算法。     

机车车辆／轨道系统垂向耦合动力学分析

考虑到多刚体系统动力学研究方法在建模及计算方面的局限性，将有限元法引入到机车车辆／轨道大系统的垂向耦合振动研究中来．为了真实模拟在轨道上不同位置的轮轨接触关系，用有限元参数二次规划法求出了轮轨等效接触刚度曲线，建立了统一的机车车辆／轨道耦合系统．通过建立系统的有限元分析模型，利用精细时程积分算法求解系统振动方程，分析研究了机车车辆在无限长轨道上运行时，在轨道不平顺激扰下，轮／轨间相互作用力、机车车辆／轨道系统中各部件的振动加速度及位移变化规律．研究结果表明，该方法不但可行，而且具有其它传统方法无可比拟的优越性．     

基于进化规划的自适应高斯神经网络

自适应高斯神经网络能够对目标信号的功率谱有效识别特征进行自动提取和分类，但此网络使用BP算法，其误差能量函数是一个不规则的超曲面，容易陷入局部极小值。因此，提出了一种使用进化规则来设计和训练自适应高斯神经网络的新方法，该方法能够自动的确定网络的最优结构和联结权值，同时避免网络的局部优化。将该方法用于被动声呐晶目标的分类识别，实验结果表明基于进化规则的自适应高斯神经网络能够有效的克服局部最小问题，具有更好的识别率。