散货船船首总段整体吊装强度有限元分析

整体吊装是船舶建造中的一项重要工艺。考虑到30000 DWT散货船船首总段结构本身的复杂性及船厂的需求,整体吊装时的结构响应只能以三维有限元方法进行模拟。文中介绍了复杂结构有限元建模的方法,利用MSC Patran/Nastran软件,建立了船首总段的三维结构有限元模型,分析了整体吊装时的结构响应。根据其特点,提出了合理有效的局部结构临时加强措施,为整体吊装顺利完成提供了依据。实际施工结果表明吊装加强工艺是合理的。有限元计算分析的有关结果可用于指导船舶总段吊装方案的设计及优化,提高船舶建造效率。     

有限元方法在30万吨级超大型浮船坞设计中的应用

在30万吨级超大型浮船坞的结构设计中应用有限元计算方法来评估坞体结构强度并讨论了超大型浮船坞的结构规范适用性问题。采用的有限元计算分为两大类:一类是坞体总纵强度的有限元计算分析,包括全坞粗网格有限元计算以及进一步的局部结构细化分析;另一类是坞体局部强度的有限元计算分析,包括首尾浮箱平台强度、坞墙稳定性和锚泊设备支撑结构的强度计算。通过一系列完整的有限元计算,说明现行的浮船坞规范仍然适用于超大型浮船坞,并最终得出了一些具有实用价值的结论。     

柴油机轴系扭振振幅异常分析与故障处理

通过对R16V280ZJ柴油机试验台轴系的扭振计算和实测对比,分析试验台位轴系扭振产生振幅异常的原因,从而有效实现故障排除。     

高架桥连续刚构箱梁满堂支架的稳定性计算与控制

较详细阐述了高架桥连续刚构箱梁满堂支架的稳定性计算的方法和施工控制。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

天山新二号双线铁路隧道断层坍方处理设计计算

天山新二号双线铁路隧道施工中,由于地质情况不明发生了断层破碎带坍方。根据坍体形态,对空腔地段采用明洞通过,对堆碴地段采用固结注浆大管棚支护、侧壁导洞法开挖,顺利地通过了坍体。文章对管棚结构承受的荷载及受力进行了探讨和检算,对明洞结构的护拱及缓冲层进行了设计计算论证。     

CRH型电动车组制动距离计算与监控装置制动模式曲线设计

通过对CRH型电动车组有关制动距离计算参数的分析研究，提出一套基于制动减速度的动车组制动距离计算方法和计算公式，同时对动车组LKJ列车监控装置制动模式曲线设计的有关问题作了论述。     

计算智能理论及其在RITS中的应用

从分析生物智能、人工智能和计算智能的发展过程及研究本质出发,给出了目前计算智 能的概念综述了主要研究方法和研究现状,特别指出了计算智能理论技术面临的挑战,并进行 了展望,最后分析了计算智能理论应用技术以及在铁路智能运输系统中的应用.     

基于改进MPS方法的三维时域水弹性计算模型

本文在作者已有的二维改进MPS(Moving Particle Semi-implicit)方法基础上进行了三维拓展(主要包括三维自由面粒子判断),并通过将计算得到的三维溃坝问题结果与文献中实验结果相对比,验证了所发展模型的准确性。在结构响应计算方面,将刚性和柔性模态耦合并计及相互影响。在此基础上,将流体和结构部分通过迭代方式耦合,从而实现强流固耦合计算。最后,应用上述模型对涉及大刚体位移叠加弹性变形的三维方梁的强非线性时域水弹性问题进行了计算,验证了模型对此类问题的有效性。     

GIS-aided prediction for sea-ice distribution

A method of applying the geographic information system (GIS) to predict sea-ice distribution is proposed. The prediction computations are performed using the distributed mass/discrete floe (DMDF) model. The GIS is used to prepare the initial data for the DMDF model, and to display the simulation results together with a digital map and observational data for evaluation and further use. Two areas in the Arctic Ocean were selected to test the computations in this study. The results of the case studies show that this method can help with (1) free-area and free-scale prediction fitting for various purposes, (2) a high-resolution output to provide more detailed data, and (3) a reasonable combination of different data sets to make the best use of the information obtained. The results also suggest that the DMDF model is a good simulation of the ice motion not only for large-scale but also for local-scale predictions. Received: March 19, 2002 / Accepted: June 20, 2002 Acknowledgments. This study was financially supported by the Japan Science and Technology Corporation. The SSM/I sea-ice data were obtained from the EOSDIS NSIDC Distributed Active Archive Center (NSIDC DAAC), University of Colorado at Boulder. The authors thank the persons concerned. Address correspondence to: H. Yamaguchi (yama@fluidlab.naoe.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp)