Geochemical controls on distributions and speciation of As and Hg in sediments along the Gaoping (Kaoping) Estuary–Canyon system off southwestern Taiwan

Surface and box-cored sediments were collected along the Gaoping (formerly spelled Kaoping) Estuary–Canyon system and analyzed for As and Hg contents and speciation, ²¹⁰Pb-based sedimentation rates and various geochemical parameters to elucidate the mechanisms that control natural and anthropogenic inputs of As and Hg from the Gaoping (Kaoping) River (KPR). The contents of As and Hg in surface sediments ranged from 1.84 to 20.7 mg kg^− 1 and from 0.07 to 2.15 mg kg^− 1, respectively, in the estuary and canyon. The concentrations generally decreased from the lower river toward the mixing boundary and then increased toward the estuarine mouth, followed by a slight variation in the canyon. Both As and Hg concentrations correlated strongly with clay, total organic carbon (TOC), Al, Fe and Mn contents in estuarine sediments but not necessary the same cases for canyon surface sediments. The factor analysis of surface sediments shows that the first two factors, which account for 75.6% of the variance, may represent major roles of carriers (clay, Al and Fe–Mn oxides) and TOC in controlling As and Hg distributions, respectively. Accordingly, the spatial patterns of the enrichments of As (1.9–16.2) and Hg (1.8–30.8) with reference to the crust levels follow the individual element's distribution patterns, likely because of deposition variability following inputs from the river. The contents of mobile As and Hg correlated substantially with the contents of both metals that were extracted with 0.1 M HCl. In addition to the major pool in the residual fraction (65–87%), As was relatively abundant in Fe–Mn oxides/hydroxides, whereas Hg was abundant in the organic/sulfide fraction. The deposition and accumulation rates of As and Hg in the canyon clearly decreased as the depth of water increased. The depth distributions of both metals are likely controlled primarily by TOC and Fe–Mn oxides associated factors followed by a contribution from anthropogenic pollution. The metal pollution appears to have increased substantially around 1970, following the economic boom in Taiwan, suggesting that modern sediments in the Gaoping (Kaoping) Canyon were derived from the Gaoping (Kaoping) River (KPR).     

GSM-R系统高速适应性探讨

深入分析影响GSM-R系统高速性能的5个因素：时间提前量（TA）、多普勒频移、切换、小区重选、设备性能,结合GSM-R系统和高速铁路的特点,经过分析推导表明,GSM-R系统支持时速500km的高速铁路车-地通信业务。     

金山店铁矿中深孔爆破影响因素及应对措施

无底柱分段崩落采矿法的爆破工作是采矿工作的一个重要环节,其爆破效果的好坏将直接影响到矿石的回收率和生产成本,同时也影响到安全生产的顺利进行。本文对金山店铁矿在矿石爆破工作中的各种影响因素进行了分析,提出了提高爆破效果的有效措施。     

因子分析法和聚类分析法在服刑人员行为矫正评估中的应用

文章针对服刑人员行为矫正评估中测试指标多、计算量大导致的不易观测问题,提出了采用因子分析和聚类分析法对不同测题进行有分类抽题和组题,利用聚类分析对测评成绩的合理归类,进而对数据进行综合分析的评定方法,并以图表方式实例化展示了分析结果。     

测试应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子的新方法

应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子的测试方法是基于线弹性继裂力学理论和应力腐蚀理论提出的一种新的测试方法。该方法采用精密电子元件测试所需应力值,并利用显微镜测得的直径,通过计算便可获得应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子值。实践表明：该方法具有操作简单、应用灵活、成本低等优点。     

影响铁路危险货物运输的主要因素分析与对策研究

从危险货物自身的危险反应、外部条件（因素）影响、违章行为3个方面,分析影响铁路危险货物运输的主要因素,并对此提出对策：安全管理和危险货物装卸作业时的安全防护。通过进一步加强铁路危险货物运输管理,切实保障危险货物的运输安全。     

高速铁路平原场景无线信道小尺度衰落特征的研究

研究高速移动条件下无线信道特性是发展高铁新型通信系统的基础。本文基于标准信道探测仪Propsound在高速移动条件下平原场景的无线信道探测数据,分析此场景下的小尺度衰落特征。K因子在列车靠近接收天线时最大值为20dB,远离天线时取值为8dB～10dB;时间色散特性上,多径延时随着列车先靠近又远离接收天线而变化;区别于经典的Doppler功率谱,高速条件下无线信道在列车穿越基站的过程中呈现快速Doppler特性,并无Doppler扩展。     

Factors affecting electric vehicle sharing program participants’ attitudes about car ownership and program participation

There are growing concerns on traffic congestion, climate change and parking problems in major cities. Faced with these concerns, policy makers have sought sustainable transportation options including electric vehicle sharing programs (EVSPs). The city of Seoul with 10 million people also has recently launched an EVSP to provide citizens with an alternative travel mode. This study attempts to explore factors affecting the EVSP participants’ attitudes about car ownership and program participation. To do this, a web-based survey was conducted for the participants of the Seoul EVSP, asking their satisfaction levels for the components of the EVSP. Then, using 533 responses of 1772 EVSP members (a response rate of 30%), ordered probit models were developed for three types of attitudes: (1) willingness to dispose of a car, (2) willingness to purchase an EV and (3) willingness to continue participating in the EVSP. The estimated models suggested that participants’ social and economic perspectives were the most important factors affecting the participants’ attitudes. In addition, the attitudes varied depending on personal characteristics such as gender, age and income. Although this study was conducted in the early stage of an EVSP, its results are expected to provide insights into a better EVSP design.     

Real-world gaseous and particle emissions of a Bi-fuel gasoline/CNG Euro 6 passenger car

The objective of the present study is the assessment of the environmental impact of a bivalent (bi-fuel) vehicle, running either on gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG). To that aim, a Euro 6 passenger car was tested under various real-world driving conditions. In order to cover the full range of conventional powertrains currently in the market, the tests were also repeated on a Euro 6 diesel passenger car. Both cars were driven in two routes, the first complying with the regulation limits and the second going beyond them. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particle number (PN) emissions were recorded using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Apart from the aggregated emission levels, in g/km, the exact emission location along the route was also assessed. Natural gas proved beneficial for CO and PN emissions, the level of which always remained below the respective legislation limits. On the other hand, under the dynamic driving conditions with gasoline, the relevant limits were exceeded. Cold start, occurring at the beginning of the urban part, and motorway driving were identified as major contributors to total emissions, especially in gasoline mode. However, the application of natural gas was associated with a penalty in NO_x emissions, which were significantly increased as compared to gasoline. Local peaks within the urban part were identified in CNG mode. In any case, the diesel vehicle was by far the highest NO_x emitter.     

端横撑位置对钢拱桥面外极限承载力的影响

针对主跨428 m的广州新光大桥设计方案,采用大型有限元软件ANSYS建立全桥三维有限元模型,分析横撑的数量和位置对弹性稳定和面外极限承载力的影响。结果表明,在端横撑位置确定的情况下,极限承载力随横撑数量增加先增大后降低;在横撑数量相同的情况下,端横撑位置对大跨度钢桁拱的弹性稳定和面外极限承载力影响显著,且端横撑的位置对弹性稳定的影响大于对面外极限承载力的影响。因此,在景观要求允许的情况下,端横撑应尽量向拱脚靠近。