路面改造项目橡胶沥青施工技术

结合常武路路面白改黑施工实践,介绍了橡胶沥青在改造项目上的应用,重点在其材料与结构特性上加以分析、研究与总结,以便正确指导施工,有效控制施工质量,顺利完成本项路面改造比较特殊的任务。     

沥青路面高效能裂缝养护技术探析

沥青路面的裂缝养护是设计年限内经常性小修保养和大中修工程中必不可少的养护内容.在研究沥青路面裂缝处治效能的综合评价指数基础上,提出单条裂缝的填封处治技术和新型抗裂防水沥青面层结构修筑技术,以达到延长沥青路面使用寿命,节约养护成本,提高服务水平的目的.     

Experimental and finite element analysis of fatigue strength for 300 mm2 copper power conductor

The fatigue strength of a 300 mm² stranded copper conductor was investigated experimentally and by finite element (FE) analysis. An analytical model was also developed and validated. Wires taken from the outer layer of the conductor were fatigue tested in tension–tension loading and compared with similar data for wires taken from a 95 mm² conductor. The wire cross section was deformed due to the compacting process that was applied during fabrication. When corrected for stress concentrations due to the deformation the data for the two sets of wire fell within the same scatter-band. Full scale testing was carried out in a specially designed rig with constant tensile load and reversed displacement controlled bending with a fixed curvature variation. The loading is a simulation of the loading of a power cable hanging from a floating vessel through a bellmouth. Conductors were tested in two states; dry and lubricated. A finite element model was established for the copper conductor. The model was formulated by a combination of elastic beam and beam-contact elements that included the effects of friction. The effect of local bending due to contact forces was included in the model. Two contact conditions were investigated; the point (trellis) contact between adjacent layers of wire and the inline contact within each layer and between the first layer (centre wire) and the second layer. The FE model was validated by a calibration test of a full scale conductor, and by sensitivity studies varying the size and the number of elements of the model. Fatigue analysis of the conductor was carried out, based on the S–N curve for individual wires. Taking into account the effects of friction and local bending, agreement was obtained between predicted and experimental fatigue strength of the conductor, for the FE model as well as the analytical model.     

水泥混凝土面板裂缝处治施工技术

分析了旧水泥混凝土路面板产生裂缝的原因及破坏类型,对实体工程裂缝进行调查分析,介绍了在旧路加铺改造中采用的针对轻、中、重裂缝的处治方法与施工工艺,通过实体工程应用对其使用效果进行了评价。     

基于JTG D62-2004的裂缝计算软件开发

介绍了采用VB编制的裂缝计算软件,弥补了大型有限元计算程序的不足,紧密联系规范,界面友好,能适用多种计算工况.     

基于脆性涂层法的沥青路面反射裂缝试验研究

采用脆性涂层法研究沥青路面的反射裂缝,并将试验结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较。结果表明,脆性涂层的裂纹围绕着碎石与沥青胶砂的界面发展,在该界面位置拉应力高度集中;路面基层的裂缝顶部附近发生应力集中,应力集中区的碎石与沥青胶砂界面是最容易萌发裂纹引发裂缝扩展破坏的部位;脆性涂层的裂纹分布总体是从车轮作用面向四周扩散,并围绕大粒径碎石扩展,弯拉型反射裂缝与剪切型反射裂缝涂层裂纹分布明显不同;大粒径的沥青混合料抗反射裂缝能力较强。     

基于有限元的半刚性基层沥青路面裂缝断裂力学分析

路面裂缝尖端应力强度因子和J积分是判断裂缝开裂扩展的重要指标,应用商业通用有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了8节点等参单元的有限元模型,采用奇异单元及断裂力学理论,对江苏省典型的半刚性基层沥青路面结构裂缝问题进行了荷载和温度应力数值分析,结果能反映路面破坏的现象和规律,为分析沥青路面开裂提供依据。     

某预应力混凝土连续梁桥腹板裂缝成因分析

在分析预应力混凝土箱梁开裂主要原因的基础上,应用大型有限元软件Ansys,考虑纵、竖向预应力损失对腹板主应力的影响,分析了预应力混凝土连续梁桥的腹板裂缝问题,并结合有限元计算结果同某预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥裂缝现场观测资料进行对比研究,得出了一些重要而有益的结论。     

体内预应力组合梁裂缝宽度静力及疲劳试验研究

针对混凝土翼板内配置后张有粘结预应力筋的负弯矩区组合梁,进行7个简支试件的静力及疲劳试验,试验考虑了不同预应力度、不同栓钉间距,且混凝土翼板中配置有体积配纤率分别为0%、0.8%和1.5%的钢纤维。试验表明,极限状态时各试件的裂缝分布相似,裂缝平均间距在80~110 mm范围内。分析认为,影响裂缝宽度的因素包括预应力度、配纤率、力比、连接度、配筋率及栓钉间距等,提出考虑上述因素的最大裂缝宽度经验计算公式。疲劳试验中,运用测试动力参数的方法,分析混凝土裂缝和疲劳损伤随荷载循环的变化,结果表明,预应力钢纤维混凝土-钢组合梁带裂缝工作时具有良好的疲劳稳定性,180万次的循环加载损伤度增大约20%。     

苇元隧道事故原因分析及处治方法的探讨

 苇元隧道在施工过程中出现整体严重下沉事故，作者从隧道所处地形、地质构造、施工时间及施工工法等方面分析其产生原因，并且在隧道防排水处理、初期支护加强、地基处理等方面提出相应措施，从而有效抑制事故的进一步发展，为后续安全施工提供了有力保障。