基于协同的集装箱多式联运协调问题的研究

集装箱多式联运系统是一个复杂的运输工程系统,其组织协调工作仍存在严重不足,多式联运系统应具有的整体效果不能充分发挥。因此,只有各运输方式之间和参与多式联运的企业之间相互协同合作,才能达到联运全程系统化,实现多式联运的综合效益。本文对集装箱多式联运发展中存在的协调问题及影响因素进行分析,应用协同管理理论进行研究,对多式联运组织系统协调发展具有一定的理论指导作用。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的车型识别算法研究

以感应线圈车辆检测器检测数据为分析基础,给出了基于Bayes理论的感应曲线自适应特征提取流程和方法,对选取的12个统计特征指标进行提取和优选。选择了曲线宽度、最大值、波峰数量、最小波谷值和波谷比组成车型识别模型的特征输入向量,不仅降低了输入向量的维数,缩短了最小二乘支持向量机的训练时间,同时也可加快车型识别的分类速度,增强特征值的分类辨别能力,提高车型分类的可靠性。在提出的基于最小二乘支持向量机的车型识别算法中,采用了修剪算法,加快了计算速度,同时保持了良好的回归性能。通过实例分析证明:基于最小二乘支持向量机的车型识别算法可提高自学习能力和识别准确率。     

Transport infrastructure provision and operations: Why should governments choose private–public partnership?

Recent transport sector liberalisation, as well as global economic crisis, is favouring the implementation of transport infrastructure projects through Public–Private Partnerships (PPP). However, there is a debate as to whether PPP schemes are a better option than conventional procurement. To this end, an evaluation framework is proposed, to assess which of these two alternative schemes for transport projects financing is preferable for the public. The proposed framework is complimentary to the Value for Money (VfM) approach and is based on a Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA). The first step is the estimation of the Public Sector Comparator (PSC) for the case of conventional procurement, dealing with construction, maintenance and operation costs revenues, as well as any costs associated with risks undertaken by the public. As for the PPP case, it includes any payments by the public sector and related risks costs. The MCA is then applied only if the PPP is found preferable for the public sector. The latter considers additional impacts, including among others the social attributes of a particular scheme, job creation, environmental impacts and safety and security aspects. The proposed framework was applied to a pilot Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) corridor infrastructure project in the city of Indore, India, in order to demonstrate its validity. The framework and its application could provide useful guidance when considering PPP for a transport project, since it demonstrates in a transparent way the society's attitude towards this project, something that is critical to its acceptance.     

Four decades of changing transport policy in Santiago,Chile

During the last forty years, Santiago has experienced a series of drastic changes in public transport policies. These changes have ranged widely, from total deregulation to processes that concentrated the management of public transport within the hands of the public sector.     

Examining the Political and Practical Reality of Bus-based Real Time Passenger Information

Abstract

Enhancing the bus experience through improved information provision is a key element of UK Government transport policy. Real time passenger information (RTPI) is perceived to reassure waiting passengers, to benefit the bus operator through increased revenue and the local authority, by promoting social inclusion and achieving a modal shift. RTPI also provides an important tool for operators by allowing them to monitor services and refine their schedules.

The aim of this paper is to understand the reasons for implementing RTPI in the bus sector, and to determine the key issues impacting on the likely success of such a policy. A case study approach investigates the experiences of two provincial towns in the UK. The paper suggests that, whilst it is unclear whether RTPI has resulted in an increase in bus patronage, it is considered to be most effective when combined as part of a package of measures. It is intended that the findings from the two case studies will reveal lessons of relevance to authorities contemplating the introduction of RTPI.     

内河集装箱班轮优先过闸管理模式探讨

文章结合2013年最新出台的《广西壮族自治区船闸管理办法》,以及近期国家关于行政审批制度改革的相关精神和要求,对集装箱班轮优先过闸条款进行探索和研究,分析了集装箱班轮优先过闸面临的主要问题,提出了一套新的市场管理模式,即主要采取企业公开"承诺制",加上"定期、定港、定线、不定船"的管理模式,通过实施"宽进严管",以期在简政放权的同时,能够充分发挥市场作用,促进企业自律,推动内河集装箱班轮运输市场的健康发展。     

The development of a policy for road tax in Turkey, using a genetic algorithm approach for demand estimation

This study deals, first, with estimation of transport demand based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach, and then deals with the evaluation of the road tax system in Turkey. It proposes an alternative road tax policy. The total transport demand is estimated based on population, Gross Domestic Product per Capita (GDPPC), and vehicle-number. Three forms of the Genetic Algorithm Transport Demand Estimation for Tax Revenues (GATDETR) are developed, of which one is linear, and the second and third are exponential forms of the mathematical expressions. The best-fit GATDETR model in terms of total minimum relative average errors between observed and estimated values are selected for future demand estimation. The evaluation of the road tax system and policy proposal is made based on estimated demand. The Distance-Based-Taxation (DBT) system is proposed in order to control highway transport. With the DBT system, some road users may wish to use railway. Thus, we re-organize the railways in order to meet the demand, but this requires new fund. The DBT system may help to create to this fund. It may also help to develop fair-taxation for the road users. Results show that the GA can be used to model transport demand and hence income tax in future transports planning. This study also suggests that planning the taxation in highway transport may help to ease funding problem of railway system.     

公交服务质量指标的选取与量化

有多重运意义。本文介绍了公交服务质量及其8项量化指标,通过对8项指标的对比分析后得出结论,运送速度具营属性,占有较大权重,该指标的选取无论对公交企业而言,还是对乘客而言,均具有重要的现实     

枢纽机场衔接公路网优化理论与方法研究

公路方式是我国枢纽机场与城市衔接的主要交通方式。枢纽机场衔接公路网的优化,能维持该区域客运交通运输网络高效运转,是综合运输体系中的关键技术。我国面临枢纽机场衔接公路网优化理论不完善和经验缺乏的问题。从系统工程角度,分析国内外大型机场地面交通衔接的现状和发展趋势,阐述枢纽机场地面交通衔接集聚特征及集疏运机理,探讨枢纽机场衔接影响因素（制约性、结构性、比例性）和衔接公路网优化准则,提出枢纽机场衔接公路网优化的核心问题和研究方向。     

一种多模式下考虑排放的交通分配模型及其算法研究

讨论了一类考虑排放的、非可加路径费用下的交通分配问题.在Venigalla等人研究的基础上,进一步完善了考虑不同发动机启动模式下考虑排放的交通分配模型,并采用一种基于路径的、非集计的单纯分解算法求解,然后应用到一个网络实例中进行了数值验证.数值计算结果表明,在求最优解的迭代过程中,基于非集计的单纯分解算法比基于F-W算法的收敛速度快,适用于求解非可加路径费用的大规模交通分配问题.