Empirical approaches to combining revealed and stated preference data: Some recent developments with reference to urban mode choice

This paper replaces the nested logit ‘trick’ used in estimation of a modal choice model, when stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) data are pooled, with an error component mixed logit model that can (i) relax the IID condition attached to subsets of alternatives in nested logit models, (ii) accommodate correlated observations, and (iii) reveal the relevant scale parameter for subsets of alternatives. Such a model can also incorporate state dependence between data types and preference heterogeneity on observed attributes. An example of choice among bus, train and car modes illustrates the difference in empirical evidence, especially elasticity outputs.     

柴油机工况的计算机诊断与分析

本文通过对柴油机工况计算机诊断系统结构原理的研究，并以实例对柴油机气缸燃烧状态的参数及其工况曲线变化情况进行详细分析，指出了该系统在柴油机工况监护中的作用和特点，使船舶轮机管理人员能够重视柴油机工况监视并运用计算机辅助手段进行分析判断，制订相应的维修对策，从而提高柴油机的使用效率和寿命     

海事劳工公约要求下的船旗国管理评析

为了在全球范围内统一实施公约标准,2006年海事劳工公约同时引入了对船旗国管理和港口国监督的要求。本文从船旗国管理的角度,介绍了公约的相关制度及我国履约工作的推进,并为我国的履约准备工作提出了相关建议。     

Suspension system state estimation using adaptive Kalman filtering based on road classification

This paper provides a new method to solve the problem of suspension system state estimation using a Kalman Filter (KF) under various road conditions. Due to the fact that practical road conditions are complex and uncertain, the influence of the system process noise variance and measurement noise covariance on the estimation accuracy of the KF is first analysed. To accurately estimate the road condition, a new road classification method through the vertical acceleration of sprung mass is proposed, and different road process variances are obtained to tune the system’s variance for the application of the KF. Then, road classification and KF are combined to form an Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) that takes into account the relationship of different road process noise variances and measurement noise covariances under various road conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed AKF algorithm can obtain a high accuracy of state estimation for a suspension system under varying International Standards Organisation road excitation levels.     

沥青混凝土搅拌设备标准理论试验工况的研究

沥青混凝土搅拌设备的工作条件、工作对象等工况参数是一个经常变化的量，直接影响设备的性能指标，因此需用标准定义下的工况参数予以修正。文章主要介绍了标准级配配比、沥青标号、冷集料含水量及初始温度、出料温度、大气状况等标准理论试验工况的确定。     

基于自适应卡尔曼算法的重型半挂车状态估计研究

在建立三轴重型半挂车简化动力学模型的基础上,提出了用于估计重型半挂车运动状态的自适应卡尔曼滤波估计算法。利用动力学软件Trucksim对该估计算法进行了验证,验证结果表明,所提出的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法能够在车速为30 km/h与60 km/h的两种扫频工况下,准确估计重型半挂车横摆角速度和铰接角,为重型半挂车的稳定性控制奠定了基础。     

Development of control models for the planning of sustainable transportation systems

Planning of sustainable transportation systems requires integration of multiple systems while considering a holistic approach. A limited amount of research has been conducted that simultaneously considers all the transportation, economic activity, environmental and social effects. The proposed research envisages incorporating considerations related to sustainability and providing solutions to stakeholders in policy making. In this paper, a dynamic model for planning and development of sustainable transportation systems is presented. This is given by a system of three nonlinear differential equations representing the dynamics of the three independent states, namely, transportation, activity, and environmental systems. A policy scenario considering investment in energy efficient technologies and its effects on the states is discussed to assist making investment decisions. Optimal control techniques are used to design the controls. The results show that it is possible to formulate an optimal control to achieve the desired target. Numerical results, based on actual parameters, are presented to illustrate the long-term trends of the states. The methodology discussed in this paper will be helpful to decision makers in making optimal decisions. The contribution of this research work is the introduction of a systems and controls methodology to develop optimal policies for the design of sustainable systems.     

一种基于加速度及轮速信息的参考车速估计方法

以两轮驱动轿车为研究对象,提出了一种基于加速度及轮速信息的参考车速估计方法。以Kalman滤波为基本算法,结合试验分析,通过估计系统噪声特征和修正量测方程,改进了算法对加速度量测信号静态偏差变化的跟踪能力,提高了参考车速的估计精度。利用该方法估计参考车速具有不依赖大量试验、计算量小的特点,适于实车应用。     

南海神庙国家祭祀的缘起与肇始

中国历代王朝非常重视民众的信仰问题,将王朝权力秩序构建贯穿于民众精神、灵魂的控制．海神祭祀,正是中国封建王朝经由干预涉海民众精神信仰,经略海洋边疆,确立王朝政权合法性信仰,建构王权统治合法性基础,彰显皇家权威,进而维护以皇权为核心的政治统治秩序的整肃政治仪式．     

基于FSM的IEC60870-5-104的设计与实现

随着IEC60870-5-104规约标准的制定,为便于该规约在实际中的应用,编写较好的应用软件,引入有限状态机(FSM)进行设计.并且基于面向对象技术提出一种高度结构化的有限状态机的实现框架.该框架的引入,实现灵活的复用机制,提高系统的健壮性和可维护性.为此类通信软件的开发,提供便捷通用的开发模式.且在实际运行中效果良好.