海事司法中扣押方便旗船的可行性及途径探析

在国际海事司法实践中,扣押船舶是非常重要的一种担保债务人履行债务的方式,但是在两大法系中,船舶扣押制度的性质不同,实现方式也不同。如果涉及到方便旗船扣押,情况会变得更复杂。因为方便旗船涉及到船舶登记所有人、实际所有人及经营人等几个当事人之间复杂的关系,形成了几种不同的方便旗船运营模式,这给海事请求权人提起扣押方便旗船的申请带来了困难。文中通过分析两大法系针对船舶扣押的不同态度,基于剖析几种不同的方便旗船经营模式,分析海事请求人提出扣押方便旗船申请的可行性及可能的途径,从而保障海事请求权人的合法权益。     

水面舰艇鱼雷防御系统综述

综述了国外水面舰艇鱼雷防御系统的现状，分析了水面舰艇鱼雷防御系统的关键技术和发展趋势，对发展我国水面舰艇鱼雷防御系统具有一定的积极作用。     

“自贸区”政策下完善洋山保税船舶登记制度的对策研究

方便旗问题是个世界性难题,我国政府一直致力于解决中资船舶移籍这一问题.通过分析方便旗及相关船舶登记制度历史背景的基础上,探讨洋山保税船舶登记制度建立的意义和存在的问题,并结合中国（上海）自由贸易区总体方案,提出了未来完善洋山保税船舶登记制度的相关对策.     

A study of tour-based mode choice based on a Support Vector Machine classifier

A new approach in recognizing travel mode choice patterns is proposed, based on the Support Vector Machine classification technique. The tour-based travel demand dataset that is analysed is for New York State, derived from the 2009 U.S. National Household Travel Survey. The main features characterizing each tour are the means used, travel-related variables and socioeconomic aspects. Results obtained demonstrate the ability to predict to some extent, in real settings where car use dominates, which tours are likely to be made by public transport or non-motorized means. Moreover, the flexibility of the technique allows assessing the predictive power of each feature according to the combination of travel means used in different tours. Potential applications range from activity-based travel choice simulators to search engines supporting personalized travel planners – in general, whenever ‘best guesses’ on mode choice patterns have to be made quickly on large amounts of data prejudicing the possibility of setting up a statistical model.     

基于时延数据融合的港口船舶监控策略研究

在对现有港口船舶航行监控方法以及导航技术详细分析的基础上,结合基于Kalman滤波的数据融合技术,讨论了利用雷达、GPS以及AIS数据进行港口船舶导航算法和监控策略的设计问题。针对现有的时延平滑估计存在的缺点,提出一种基于时延的集中式预测估计融合算法。新算法具有很高的实时性和可实施性,同时,将新算法与现有的时延平滑估计融合算法相集成,提出一种完整的船舶导航和监控策略,计算机仿真算例验证了新算法的优越性,同时显示了新监控策略的有效性。     

Bayesian statistical data assimilation for ecosystem models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo

This study considers advanced statistical approaches for sequential data assimilation. These are explored in the context of nowcasting and forecasting using nonlinear differential equation based marine ecosystem models assimilating sparse and noisy non-Gaussian multivariate observations. The statistical framework uses a state space model with the goal of estimating the time evolving probability distribution of the ecosystem state. Assimilation of observations relies on stochastic dynamic prediction and Bayesian principles. In this study, a new sequential data assimilation approach is introduced based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The ecosystem state is represented by an ensemble, or sample, from which distributional properties, or summary statistical measures, can be derived. The Metropolis-Hastings based MCMC approach is compared and contrasted with two other sequential data assimilation approaches: sequential importance resampling, and the (approximate) ensemble Kalman filter (including computational comparisons). A simple illustrative application is provided based on a 0-D nonlinear plankton ecosystem model with multivariate non-Gaussian observations of the ecosystem state from a coastal ocean observatory. The MCMC approach is shown to be straightforward to implement and to effectively characterize the non-Gaussian ecosystem state in both nowcast and forecast experiments. Results are reported which illustrate how non-Gaussian information originates, and how it can be used to characterize ecosystem properties.     

轨道电路智能短路装置研制与开发

轨道电路智能短路装置,其轨面吸合采用扼铁磁回路封闭吸合模式,恒流有源检测方式,不受轨道电路送、受端方向的限制;应用数字滤波技术,降低了交流轨道电路对分路线检测精度的干扰;运用软、硬件技术,实现分路线的分路状态在线检测功能,彻底消除了轨道电路分路防护存在的不安全隐患。     

400km·h^-1高速铁路无砟轨道基床结构及关键参数研究

为掌握列车荷载作用下路基应力概率分布特征,进行基于我国高速铁路无砟轨道不平顺谱条件下的车辆-线路耦合动力学计算;以路基累积变形效应区不超过基床范围为原则,分析基床厚度与基床以下路基性质的相互关系;结合模型试验获得的填料累积变形状态阈值,基于强度、变形、应变控制准则,进行400km·h^-1行车条件下的无砟轨道基床结构及关键参数研究。结果表明:路基面承受的列车荷载随轨面平顺性呈明显的随机变化特征,动力影响系数服从正态分布,轨道极端不平顺引起的最大动力影响系数为2.146,平均轨道谱下的常遇动力影响系数为1.491;路基累积变形效应区范围随填料强度降低而扩大,基床厚度为2.7m时,由低塑性土填筑的基床以下路基K30应大于等于100MPa·m^-1;以调控累积变形处于快速收敛状态为目标,提出基床表层采用0.7~0.3m厚级配碎石进行强化处理,K30大于等于190 MPa·m^-1,底层选用A,B组填料,相应K30控制值为130~150MPa·m^-1。     

上海集装箱运输的现状与发展思考

在调查上海集装箱港航企业基础上,分类地统计了有关上海集装箱运输的数据。基于对上海集运产业的认识,结合本次调查所掌握的实际情况,对上海集运产业的发展提出了若干建议。在软件建设方面,尽快形成综合开发队伍,提高管理系统软件的开发层次和开发速度;加快电子单证、电子签名等的技术研究与立法工作;开发更为完善的生产作业指挥系统。在企业发展战略方面,着重从稳定货源、加强合作、着力开拓三方面进行了论述。     

港口国监督在执行《压载水公约》中存在的风险、不确定性以及相关建议

随着《压载水公约》的生效,如何更好地实施公约要求成了港口国关注的重点。港口国监督(PSC)在促进港口国实施公约中发挥着重要作用^[1]。然而,随着PSC的深入,一些潜在的问题也值得关注。总结了目前PSC执行《压载水公约》过程中存在的风险与不确定性,并提出了相应的解决建议。