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61.
The present study tries to see whether the subsidy given to CSTC, which is the oldest and the largest state transport corporation operating in and around Kolkata, is really being used to cover the losses they make over the years or to merely cover-up an inefficient performance. The state owned buses are required to serve, not only non-profitable routes in off-peak hours, but also to give social security or employment to a large section of society. The burden of carrying a huge staff structure and serving at an administered and less than competitive price for welfare reasons, makes CSTC liable to an operating loss. Therefore, it makes a case for subsidy. However, the regular commuters experience regarding the condition of and the services provided by these raises a question about the justification of subsidy. In the study it is seen that the subsidy given is not based on any of the components on which it should, economically.  相似文献   
62.
根据公路隧道养护工作的特点,在国内外隧道评价研究的基础上,建立了具有区域特点的多层次公路隧道技术状况评价体系,将隧道土建结构、机电设施、其他工程设施和运营安全管理统一纳入到该体系中,提出了基于AHP法和Delphi法的隧道评价方法及状态划分原则,评价结果可为隧道检测、养护和维修提供科学的决策支持.  相似文献   
63.
旧沥青路面材料再生利用调查和评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
结合广佛高速公路大修工程旧沥青路面再生项目,探讨了旧沥青路面材料再生利用调查和评价的内容和方法。并针对广佛高速公路旧沥青路面特点进行了现场调查、系统取样、检测和全面的统计分析,对旧沥青路面材料的性质有了正确了解,为其旧沥青混合料的再生利用提供了详实、科学的依据。  相似文献   
64.
350km/h铁路客运专线噪声检测验收与评价探析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过分析噪声产生的原因,探讨噪声验收检测的程序、方法、内容和标准。提出噪声检测验收评价方案、建立高速铁路交通噪声影响评价判别标准,与GB3096---2008声环境质量标准衔接等建议。  相似文献   
65.
    
This research applied the Green Flag Program to assess the benefits of reducing speed and fuel transfer for large merchant vessels (bulk and container) entering Kaohsiung Port. This study adopts an activity-based model to calculate fuel consumption and emissions, as well as setting up two scenarios, (1) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots 20 nm away from port; and (2) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots and transfer fuel 20 nm away from port, which based on the Green Flag Program in Long Beach, in the U.S. The findings are (1) In scenario one, the container and bulk vessels saw reductions in CO2 emissions of about 41% and 14%, respectively. In scenario two, container and bulk vessels had reductions of about 48% and 43% in SO2 emissions, respectively. (2) Large vessels are more environmentally friendly than small vessels. (3) Using the CATCH model to assess the effectiveness of the two scenarios, it was found that container vessels benefited from both reducing speed and fuel transfer, while bulk carriers only did so from the former.  相似文献   
66.
The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is viewed as an attractive option to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel consumption resulted from transport sector, but the popularization of EVs has been hindered by the cruising range limitation and the charging process inconvenience. Energy consumption characteristics analysis is the important foundation to study charging infrastructures locating, eco-driving behavior and energy saving route planning, which are helpful to extend EVs’ cruising range. From a physical and statistical view, this paper aims to develop a systematic energy consumption estimation approach suitable for EV actual driving cycles. First, by employing the real second-by-second driving condition data collected on typical urban travel routes, the energy consumption characteristics analysis is carried out specific to the microscopic driving parameters (instantaneous speed and acceleration) and battery state of charge (SOC). Then, based on comprehensive consideration of the mechanical dynamics characteristics and electric machine system of the EVs, a set of energy consumption rate estimation models are established under different operation modes from a statistical perspective. Finally, the performance of proposed model is fully evaluated by comparing with a conventional energy consumption estimation method. The results show that the proposed modeling approach represents a significant accuracy improvement in the estimation of real-world energy consumption. Specifically, the model precision increases by 25.25% in decelerating mode compared to the conventional model, while slight improvement in accelerating and cruising mode with desirable goodness of fit.  相似文献   
67.
以由二自由度陀螺仪及脉冲积分摆式加速率计构成的平台较经系统的研究对象,讨论了平台罗经向惯导过渡的必要性及可行性,提出了快速平稳过渡方案,最终给出了计算机仿真结果。  相似文献   
68.
信号调度集中系统是依靠动、静态数据监控站场轨道区段状态,完成阶段计划兑现工作的,是铁路运输组织的指挥中枢。在信号设备和轨道电路故障、人为操作错误及施工维修等场景下,调度集中系统显示终端会偶发残留锁闭白光带和占用红光带,造成计划自动触发操作中联锁条件检查失败,增加人工劳动强度的同时,还影响行车效率和安全。为此,利用系统中车站自律机的动态进路指令和排路命令,以及静态联锁进路和进路对象的关联关系,构建站场轨道区段状态与计划触发和排路操作的完整业务链路,依靠轨道区段的状态预置和对象状态迁移监控技术,实现残留光带持续安全可靠监控功能。仿真试验表明:该方案在调度集中系统正常工作状态下,满足设计需求,提升了阶段计划兑现效率,保障运营安全。  相似文献   
69.
作为CTCS-3级列控系统的重要组成部分,车载设备在工作过程中会产生大量数据,记录和分析这些数据,有助于发现和解决车载设备存在的问题,提高车载设备运行的安全性和可靠性。为此,研发专门用于下载车载设备数据的设备——车载数据中心。介绍状态机和面向对象程序设计思想在车载数据中心软件开发中的运用,以及采用状态机和面向对象程序设计思想开发车载数据中心软件所带来的益处。  相似文献   
70.
高速列车速度测量值的精确程度直接影响列控系统对列车运行的控制,根据列车速度等参数计算的列车制动距离的准确性也直接影响列车运行安全。针对既有测速算法的不足,提出了采用CKF-SVSF数据融合算法来提高列车速度测量的精确性。相对于传统的滤波算法,该算法充分结合了CKF和SVSF算法的优势。容积卡尔曼滤波算法(Cubature Kalman Filter, CKF)可更加精确地实现对非线性系统的状态估计;滑动可变结构滤波算法(Smooth Variable Structure Filter, SVSF)提供了在非线性系统的模型误差干扰下更具鲁棒性的测量方法。  相似文献   
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