Investigating the influence of soil properties on railway traffic vibration using a numerical model

This paper presents the influence of dynamic and geometrical soil parameters on the propagation of ground vibrations induced by external loads. The proposed approach is based on a three-dimensional model, focusing on realistic excitation sources like impulse loads and moving railway vehicles. For the latter, a complete vehicle/track model is developed. The simulation is performed in time domain, offering an interesting approach, compared with classic cyclic analyses. The ground is modelled initially as an elastic homogeneous half-space and additionally as a layered half-space. First, the effect of homogeneous soil properties on ground vibration is analysed. Soil stratification is then taken into account, using various configurations. Analysis reveals that as receiver distance increases ground wave reflection in a layered ground plays an important role in the reduction of ground surface motion. This effect is magnified when the phase velocity wavelength becomes large compared with the depth of the surface layer.     

用Morlet小波变换研究舰船横摇垂荡耦合特性

本文探索了用小波变换方法对舰船横摇垂荡非线性耦合动力学特性的研究.对于考虑与垂荡二次耦合的舰船横摇方程,用Morlet小波变换分析其摇摆响应动力学特性,研究分析了船舶在几种典型波浪中的状况:稳定区域中的横摇回复和稳态横摇;非稳定区域的横摇发散;以及混沌现象.研究表明,通过小波变换所特有的时频窗,对横摇响应小波变换系数的模和相等信息进行分析,可以获得船舶横摇-垂荡耦合非线性动力学幅值和频率的各种典型特征.     

汽车儿童乘员事故重建研究

首先,采用PC-Crash软件进行两车碰撞事故再现,求得目标车辆沿X、Y轴的加速度和绕Z轴的转动角度.然后,将PC-Crash求得的结果作为MADYMO模型的初始边界条件,模拟儿童乘员头、颈及胸部的动力学响应.结果表明:仿真中两碰撞车辆停止位置与实际事故中的情况较好地吻合;儿童乘员头、颈、胸部的动力学响应较好反映了儿童乘员实际的损伤情况.前排座椅头枕、座椅安全带及头、胸部运动的不同步分别是导致儿童乘员头、胸及颈部损伤的主要原因.     

Vehicle rollover avoidance by application of gain-scheduled LQR controllers using state observers

Many researches have been conducted in the area of control applied to vehicle dynamics, aiming at reducing the possibility of the occurrence of the type of accident known as rollover. In this research, based on a common nonlinear model and its linearisation, a method for properly selecting matrices for solving the Riccati equation considering different speeds was proposed. The method showed in which ways speed really influences the choice of controller gains. By developing the dynamic equations for the yaw- and roll-coupled motions and modelling of controllers and state observers, it is possible to compare the efficacy of this control strategy using both linear and nonlinear simulations using Matlab. Significant results were obtained regarding the reduction of the rollover coefficient for a double-lane change manoeuvre at different speeds, thus indicating advantages of using this controller in practical cases.     

高速铁路尼尔森拱桥车桥动力特性

应用车桥耦合振动理论分析了高速铁路尼尔森体系钢管拱桥车桥的动力特性,对该类桥的系梁、拱肋的动力特性以及列车过桥的平稳性进行了详细论述,最后对提篮式拱与平行式拱动力性能进行了分析比较。     

车辆控制系统集成开发系统

本文介绍了一种新型的集成开发系统,该系统将模拟计算、实时硬件仿真和实车试验巧妙地放置在同一台微机内,利用微机软、硬件功能、实现了从模拟到样机全过程的高效开发,采用ＶｉｓｕａｌＢａｓｉｃ语言实现了模块化编程,程序在不同的模拟试验条件下具有可重用性,最后给出了一个车辆防抱死系统模拟试验的实便,验证了该系统的实用性与高效性。     

基于ADAMS非独立悬架定位参数的仿真研究

利用多体动力学仿真软件Adams／car对某低速自卸车的前悬架进行详细的模型建立,并且对该模型进行仿真。利用后处理模块得出前轮定位参数的变化曲线,通过观察分析悬架前轮定位参数的变化趋势,给出了造成试验车过多转向、直行失稳等问题的原因,为进一步对悬架定位参数进行优化奠定了基础。     

Mathematical modelling of train–turnout interaction

The paper proposes a mathematical model of train–turnout interaction in the mid-frequency range (0–500 Hz). The model accounts for the effects of rail profile variation along the track and of local variation of track flexibility. The proposed approach is able to represent the condition of one wheel being simultaneously in contact with more than one rail, allowing the accurate prediction of the effect of wheels being transferred from one rail to another when passing over the switch toe and the crossing nose. Comprehensive results of train–turnout interaction during the negotiation of the main and the branch lines are presented, including the effect of wear of wheel/rail profiles and presence of track misalignment. In the final part of the paper, comparisons are performed between the results of numerical simulations and line measurements performed on two different turnouts for urban railway lines, showing a good agreement between experimental and numerical results.     

Roll- and pitch-plane coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension

Passive fluidically coupled suspensions have been considered to offer a promising alternative solution to the challenging design of a vehicle suspension system. A theoretical foundation, however, has not been established for fluidically coupled suspension to facilitate its broad applications to various vehicles. The first part of this study investigates the fundamental issues related to feasibility and properties of the passive, full-vehicle interconnected, hydro-pneumatic suspension configurations using both analytical and simulation techniques. Layouts of various interconnected suspension configurations are illustrated based on two novel hydro-pneumatic suspension strut designs, both of which provide a compact design with a considerably large effective working area. A simplified measure, vehicle property index, is proposed to permit a preliminary evaluation of different interconnected suspension configurations using qualitative scaling of the bounce-, roll-, pitch- and warp-mode stiffness properties. Analytical formulations for the properties of unconnected and three selected X-coupled suspension configurations are derived, and simulation results are obtained to illustrate their relative stiffness and damping properties in the bounce, roll, pitch and warp modes. The superior design flexibility feature of the interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension is also discussed through sensitivity analysis of a design parameter, namely the annular piston area of the strut. The results demonstrate that a full-vehicle interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension could provide enhanced roll- and pitch-mode stiffness and damping, while retaining the soft bounce- and warp-mode properties. Such an interconnected suspension thus offers considerable potential in realising enhanced decoupling among the different suspension modes.