漂浮起吊的海上风电安装平台设计关注点

针对具有漂浮起吊作业功能的海上风电安装平台面临规范和法规适应性方面的新情况，对有漂浮起吊功能的海上风电安装平台设计时应特别考虑的一些技术问题及处理办法进行了梳理，以期望给业界提供有益参考和借鉴。     

On maximum forces exerted by floating ice on a structure due to constrained thermal expansion of ice

The problem of interaction between a floating ice cover and an engineering structure is considered, in which the ice–structure contact forces are caused by an increase in ice temperature due to solar radiation in situations, when the lateral thermal expansion of ice is constrained. The focus is on the determination of the maximum thermally-induced horizontal force exerted on a structure wall, assuming that the magnitude of this force is bound by the smallest force capable of fracturing the ice cover due to its buckling. The ice cover is modelled as a rectangular plate of uniform thickness, with its four edges being constrained by vertical rigid walls, and it is assumed that ice deforms, and eventually fails, by the mechanism of viscous creep buckling. The plate is subjected to in-plane axial compressive stresses developing in ice to prevent its thermal expansion due to solar heating, and is transversely (vertically) bent by the forces caused by the reaction of underlying water. The floating ice is treated as a material whose elastic and viscous properties depend on temperature and the ice porosity, and therefore they vary with time and the depth of ice. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for a variety of the ice plate horizontal dimensions, thicknesses and daytime temperature-change scenarios, illustrate the evolution of the plate deflection surface prior to its failure, and show the time variation of the maximum forces exerted by ice on a structure wall as functions of the ice thickness and maximum daytime temperature rise at the top surface of ice.     

船坞水上双岛合拢工艺设计

为了提高公司船坞搭载效率，缩短船舶建造周期，根据南通象屿船坞现有情况，决定将6.35万吨散货船分为两半岛在坞内同时搭载：一总段（从船艉至FR71-1400）;二总段（从FR71-1400至FR96-2000）建造搭载完毕后两总段起浮，并于水上进行两个总段定位连接成整体，定位连接好后落于指定坞墩位置，然后进行两个总段的合拢焊接。此工艺在国内还不多见，具有较高的技术含量，分段在内场建造时，应有严格的建造工艺流程，要保证涉及到合拢分段的建造质量和精度要求。     

Probe vehicle data sampled by time or space: Consistent travel time allocation and estimation

A characteristic of low frequency probe vehicle data is that vehicles traverse multiple network components (e.g., links) between consecutive position samplings, creating challenges for (i) the allocation of the measured travel time to the traversed components, and (ii) the consistent estimation of component travel time distribution parameters. This paper shows that the solution to these problems depends on whether sampling is based on time (e.g., one report every minute) or space (e.g., one every 500 m). For the special case of segments with uniform space-mean speeds, explicit formulae are derived under both sampling principles for the likelihood of the measurements and the allocation of travel time. It is shown that time-based sampling is biased towards measurements where a disproportionally long time is spent on the last segment. Numerical experiments show that an incorrect likelihood formulation can lead to significantly biased parameter estimates depending on the shapes of the travel time distributions. The analysis reveals that the sampling protocol needs to be considered in travel time estimation using probe vehicle data.     

Semi-submersible wind turbine hull shape design for a favorable system response behavior

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind and wave conditions is the subject of the present work. An integrated optimization was conducted, where the hull shape of a semi-submersible, as well as the wind turbine controller were varied with the goal of finding a cost-efficient design, which does not respond to wind and wave excitations, resulting in small structural fatigue and extreme loads.The optimum design was found to have a remarkably low tower-base fatigue load response and small rotor fore-aft amplitudes. Further investigations showed that the reason for the good dynamic behavior is a particularly favorable response to first-order wave loads: The floating wind turbine rotates in pitch-direction about a point close to the rotor hub and the rotor fore-aft motion is almost unaffected by the wave excitation. As a result, the power production and the blade loads are not influenced by the waves. A comparable effect was so far known for Tension Leg Platforms but not for semi-submersible wind turbines. The methodology builds on a low-order simulation model, coupled to a parametric panel code model, a detailed viscous drag model and an individually tuned blade pitch controller. The results are confirmed by the higher-fidelity model FAST. A new indicator to express the optimal behavior through a single design criterion has been developed.     

动力分散型电动车组车载微机网络的功能划分与接口设想

从车载微机网络的拓扑结构、网络组成单元及功能划分、接口与控制逻辑、故障处理几个方面提出了动力分散型电动车组车载微机网络的功能划分与接口设想。     

欧洲应答器系统简介和国内研制的初步分析

主要介绍欧洲应答器的应用、功能和系统结构，并对国内研制进行了初步分析。     

LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备

论述了LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备的组成、接口及功能业务情况,并且采用了双套通信模块及电源系统硬件冗余设计方案,确保CTCS-3级列控系统安全可靠地工作。     

ERP生产计划模块存在的问题及优化研究

通过对多家企业实施ERP情况的调查,在ERP实施过程中,尽管提高了企业的生产效率和管理水平,但ERP生产计划模块还存在一些问题。针对生产计划模块存在的几个主要问题进行分析与研究,通过引入APS,提出实施ERP与MES的系统集成和ERP、APS、MES、PCS一体化集成模式的对策,可以改变企业的传统生产计划模式,优化企业制造资源和调度算法,提高生产效率,适应市场需求,从而达到提高市场竞争力的目的。     

乳化沥青生产线微机—PC控制系统

本文简要介绍了乳化沥青生产的工艺流程,选择了由微机-PC 联合控制系统作为整个乳化沥青自动化连续生产的方案.结合乳化沥青的生产,从原理、硬件的配置、软件的编制等方面,对微机控制系统,PC 逻辑控制系统进行了详细阐述.